I-Strawberry Albion - isiko lamahora emini angathathi hlangothi (NDM), i-hybrid yokukhetha kwaseMelika. Ukuthola isivuno esikhulu, ukunakekelwa okuhle kuyadingeka: ukuchelela, ukufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali. Izinhlobonhlobo zezentengiselwano ezinesikhathi eside sokuthela, ziyathakazelisa kubalimi nakubalimi bezimfundamakhwela.
Incazelo ye-sitrobheli i-Albion
Izinhlobonhlobo ezilungisiwe zokukhethwa kwaseMelika. Umsebenzi wabazalisi baseCalifornia. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Albion zazalwa ngo-2006 ngokunqamula izinhlobo ezinesithelo esikhulu i-Honey neClery. Eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, i-Albion sitrobheli isizakhele yona emakethe.
Isihlahla esiqinile (20 cm), sinamaqabunga kahle. Ama-peduncles made, amajikijolo ahlanzekile, awalali phansi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, aphakathi nendawo ngobukhulu.
Amajikijolo amakhulu cishe 50g, ejwayelekile, evulekile kancane, acwebezelayo, abomvu uma esevuthiwe. I-pulp inamanzi, ipinki, iminyene, inephunga elicebile le-sitrobheli.
Izithelo zohlobo lwe-wavy. Izitshalo ezine zivunwa emasimini ngenkathi ngayinye.
Isikhathi sokuqoqa esilinganisiwe: Meyi, Julayi, Agasti, Septhemba... Ukukhiqiza ngobuchwepheshe obuhle bezolimo kuphezulu. Isimo sezulu esikahle nokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngama-2 kg amajikijolo avela esihlahleni esisodwa ngesizini ngayinye. Isivuno esimaphakathi ngokwencazelo singama-500 g ehlathini ngalinye.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Inani eliyinhloko lokuhlukahluka ngu ukuthela isikhathi eside... Umbhede wama-strawberry Albion ezweni - amajikijolo asetafuleni kulo lonke ihlobo. Lapho ikhule ngezinga lezimboni - 4 isivuno sonyaka... Isithunzi - ukuvumelana, ukunambitheka okunongwe.
Isikolo sokunambitheka siphezulu - amaphuzu ayi-5. Izinkomba ezibalulekile: ukugcina ikhwalithi, ukuthuthwa. Zilungele ama-strawberry Albion. Amajikijolo awaqubuki ngesikhathi sokuhamba, agcina isethulo sawo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela okuhle ukuzivikela ezifweni:
- ukubola okulimaza sekwephuzile;
- ukubola kwenhliziyo;
- ukuqothuka kwe-verticillary;
- i-anthracosis.
Ukumelana nezifo zefungal kuvumela yenza ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali, futhi lawa amajikijolo angayilimazi imvelo nesikhathi sokulungisa amahlathi.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhulume ngokushiyeka, kepha lezi yizici zezinhlobonhlobo odinga ukuzazi:
- ivolumu yokuvuna kuya ngezimo zezulu nekhwalithi yokunakekelwa;
- ukunambitheka okugcwele okugcwele kumajikijolo avuthiwe;
- ithambekele ekuboneni (okumhlophe, nsundu);
- ukutshala kudinga ukuvuselelwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Isifunda Sokukhula Kwemvelo
Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe eCalifornia ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esincane, esifudumele, esinomswakama. Cishe, izifunda eziseningizimu yeRussia zilungele ukukhulisa ama-strawberry e-Albion endle.
Naphezu kokudabuka kwayo eningizimu, i-Albion ayithandi amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngokushisa okude kwama-30 degrees, isivuno siyehla.
Ezimweni ezipholile, ama-strawberry kudinga indawo yokuhlala... Izindlu zokugcina izithombo ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yokukhiqiza amajikijolo ezimboni. Ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okufakelwayo, amasiko e-LMD angatshalwa endaweni yokugcina izithombo kuwo wonke unyaka wekhalenda.
Imithetho yokufika
Amasiko akhula kangcono enhlabathini evulekile ecebile nge-humus... Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ekwindla (ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, maphakathi no-Okthoba) - ezifundeni eziseningizimu, entwasahlobo - emzileni ophakathi nendawo. Ummango ulungiswa kusengaphambili, kufakwa ama-humus ne-peat uma kunesidingo, bese kugujwa.
Izengezo zamaminerali ngeke zilimaze:
- i-superphosphate (100 g / m²);
- usawoti we-potassium (60 g / m²).
Lapho utshala ama-strawberry ekwindla, ehlobo elizayo, ungathatha isivuno sokuqala. Lapho uzalisa ngamadevu, umnqamulajuqu wokutshala uphakathi kukaSepthemba.
Imithombo ihlelwe ngokohlelo: isinyathelo esilandelanayo - 30 cm, isikhawu esiphakathi kwemigqa ngu 40 cm.
Lungiselela izithombo zokutshala:
- nciphisa izimpande zibe ngu-10 cm uma kunesidingo;
- susa amaqabunga amaningi;
- cwilisa isisombululo se-biostimulant noma ukumnika ugarlic.
Sabalalisa izithombo emigodini, ufafaze umhlaba oxutshwe nomquba (i-humus), amanzi. Uma isimo sezulu sibalele, thutha ukufika komoya. Fafaza izingxenye ezincane kuze kube yilapho ama-strawberry egxila. Susa amadevu nama-peduncles.
Lapho itshalwe sekwedlule isikhathi sekwindla, izitshalo kungenzeka zingabi naso isikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika. Udinga ukunakekela indawo yokukhosela.
Izici zokunakekela
Yenza ukuchelela njalo, ukunamathela esikimini 1 isikhathi ezinsukwini ezi-5... Ungadluli ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Ngomswakama owandayo emhlabeni, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuyawohloka. Ukuchelela ngenkasa yisixazululo esingcono kakhulu sama-strawberry e-Albion.
Ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise isigaxa semifino (utshani, ifula, sawdust, i-agrofibre emnyama). Lapho engekho khipha inhlabathi njalo emva kokuchelela ngakunye... Imbotshana ayigcini nje ngokugcina umswakama, igcina izihlahla zingashisi uma kushisa.
Ungakhohlwa ngamanyolo. Ukuthela kakhulu izikhathi ezine kwisizini ngayinye kuyaqeda isitshalo. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wezinto eziphilayo kanye nezamaminerali kufanele kwenziwe isizini yonke.
Ama-strawberry aphendula kahle ekusebenziseni:
- humus;
- umquba we-slurry;
- biohumus.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kunezelwa kubo umlotha wokhuni, ehlobo - umanyolo wezimbiwa onzima. Ukugqoka amaqabunga kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Sebenzisa umanyolo oqukethe i-iron. Faka umanyolo ngesikhathi ngasinye sokuqhakaza kwezimbali ne-ovary.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Zonke izindlela zokuzalanisa zingenzeka:
- imbewu;
- amadevu;
- behlukanisa isihlahla.
Izimpawu zezithombo ezinhle: ububanzi bekhola yezimpande - 6 mm, amaqabunga ama-5, ubude bezimpande 7 cm.
Indlela ethembeke kakhulu behlukanisa isihlahla... Amadevu we-Strawberry u-Albion unikeza okuncane, ukuze uzithole udinga ukususa wonke ama-peduncle ezihlahleni. Qeda ama-rosettes okuqala eduze kwesihlahla somama. Tshala wonke amasokhethi alandelayo enkulisa. Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu kuyinto enzima kakhulu, ngaphakathi kwamandla wabalimi abanolwazi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokumelana okuhle nezifo eziningi, ukutheleleka kungenzeka izimbuzane, indawo emhlophe, i-chlorosis... Imithi yokuvikela ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa izosiza:
- ITopazi;
- I-Azocene;
- Isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi (10 l wamanzi, 20 g womuthi).
Phatha izitshalo ngesixazululo se-colloidal sulphur (10 l wamanzi, 60 g wokulungiselela) uma indawo etshalwe ngumkhaza Ukwelashwa amahlandla amabili nge-biofungicides (i-Fitosporin, iGlyokladin) kuzovikela ukutshalwa kokubola. Zenziwa ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza kokuqala.
Iodine iyindlela yokwandisa ukungavikeleki kwezitshalo.
Isixazululo: amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi, amaconsi angama-30 e-iodine anconywa ukuthi asetshenziselwe ukufafaza ama-strawberry e-Albion. Leli likhambi elihle lokuvikela izifo.
Noma yimuphi umlimi osebenza kanzima angathola isivuno esihle se-Albion strawberry. Konke okudingayo ukuze ikhule futhi yakhe izithelo umhlabathi ovundile, ukuthambisa okwanele nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile.