Okhokho bethu nabo batshale i-cherry yezinyoni eduze kwendlu. Futhi hhayi ngoba iqhakaza kahle futhi iphunga iphunga elimangalisayo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isihlahla sikhipha ama-phytoncides emoyeni, anomthelela omubi kuma-bacterium e-pathogenic.... Kwakukholelwa ukuthi uma ume emthunzini wesihlahla, ungasabisa lesi sifo. Ake sihlolisise izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezivamile nezindawo ezisetshenziswayo.
Izimpawu zabantu ezihlotshaniswa nokuqhakaza kwezinyoni cherry
Isihlahla siqhakaza ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Izimbali, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence oblong, zinuka kamnandi futhi ziheha izinyosi. I-bird cherry isitshalo esihle sezinyosi. Lesi ngesinye isizathu esenza ukuthi bazame ukutshala eduze kwezindlu noma ezindaweni zabo. Isihlahla noma isihlahlana sisakazeke kulo lonke elaseRussia: kusukela engxenyeni yaseYurophu kuya eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude... Kungakho, kanye ne-birch, kungabhekwa njengophawu lwe-Central Russian Plain.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwenyoni cherry lujwayelekile, lubizwa nangokuthi i-carpal. Uphonsa amabhulashi ama-inflorescence amhlophe. Ezinhlotsheni ezingama-20 zezinkuni, ezingu-7 zilinywa ensimini yethu... Kulezi, izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zigqamile. Ama-inflorescence abo amahle ngokungajwayelekile, kusuka kumbala ophuzi onombala ophuzi kuya opinki ophindwe kabili, asetshenziselwa ukwakheka kwezwe ukuhlobisa izingoma zokupaka izingadi namapaki neziza zomuntu siqu.
Sijwayelene ne-carpal bird cherry, enezimbali ezimhlophe. Kukhona uphawu phakathi kwabantu ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-bird cherry, ungaqala ukuhlwanyela ukolweni nokutshala amazambane. Kukholakala ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwesihlahla, umoya uyintsha sha kakhulu futhi umsulwa. Baphinde bahlobanise ukuqhakaza ngesifonyo esibandayo sesikhashana, "bird cherry cold".
Kepha kubantu abaningi, ukuqhakaza okumnandi kufanekisela ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo nomoya wethemba lentwasahlobo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zenyoni cherry
Ngaphezu kwenyoni ejwayelekile yenyoni ejwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, izinhlobonhlobo zeCheryomukha virginskaya zaqala... Lesi sitshalo esihle sasuka eNyakatho Melika.
IVirginia
Isihlahla sikhula size sifike kumamitha ayi-15. Ngokungafani ne-carpal bird cherry, enezithelo ezimnyama, e-Virginia bunch of berries anemibala ebomvu emnyama... Ama-Blooms ane-inflorescence emhlophe. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka sihlaba umxhwele ikakhulukazi ekwindla. Amaqabunga aphenduka umbala obomvu we-burgundy. Ibekezelela isimo sezulu esishisayo nobusika kahle. Uthanda inhlabathi emanzi nokukhanya. Kusatshalaliswa kusuka ezinhlamvwini zembewu nezimpande. IVirginia bird cherry inezinhlobo eziningana, ngokusho kohlobo lwesithelo (omnyama, ophuzi, obomvu ngokukhanyayo). Ukuma kwesihlahla kunenkinga futhi kunamagatsha alengayo (i-bird bird ekhalayo).
I-Colataata ejwayelekile
Okufana ne-shrub, njengoba ifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-5. Amaqabunga angajwayelekile, aqoshwe ngemibala ephephuli nokubomvu entwasahlobo, ajika abe luhlaza ehlobo. Ekwindla, amahlamvu abomvu futhi. Kepha lesi sitshalo sihle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinephunga elimnandi le-alimondi... Amagatsha namagxolo nawo anombala onsomi. Ihluma kusuka empandeni, ngakho yanda kalula. Uthanda umswakama, ukukhanya, ubekezelela ubusika kahle. Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ze-cherry, kuyenzeka ukuthi kube nezithwathwa. Izithelo ezimnyama zivuthwa ngo-Agasti.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi
Indawo yokuhlala enkulu iNyakatho Melika, kepha isinezimpande ezindaweni ezipholile zezwe lethu. Isihlahla esinamandla esinomqhele othuthukiswe kahle ongafika kumamitha angama-20... Amahlamvu aluhlaza ocacile ehlobo, aphenduka abe bomvu ngokuphuzi ekwindla. Ibizwa ngokuthi “sekwephuzile” ngoba iqhakaza emavikini amabili kamuva, ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Izithelo ezimnyama eziyindilinga zivuthwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Izithelo zikhulu ngokuphindwe kabili kunalezo ze-cherry ejwayelekile yezinyoni, zinamanzi amaningi futhi azinambitheki ye-astringent. Ibizwa nangokuthi "i-rum cherry" ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo kwe-dessert. Ama-tinctures amnandi atholakala kuwo. Isihlahla sinokuzala okuphezulu, sibekezelela ubusika kahle, futhi sinohlelo lwempande olunamandla.
I-Antipka (Magaleb)
Isihlahlana esimangazayo esinezimpande ezinamandla ingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-200... Akufuneki enhlabathini, kungakhula emithambekeni enamadwala. IMpumalanga Ephakathi neYurophu kubhekwa njengezwe. Inani lalezi zinhlobonhlobo ukuthi lilungele isiphunzi se-cherry ne-plum. Njengoba inyoni cherry ingowomndeni weplamu. Isihlahla sisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa imithambeka ewayo. Amagxolo esihlahla aqukethe i-coumarin, into enephunga elimnandi esetshenziswa ekwenzeni amakha. Ama-inflorescence amhlophe amboza lonke ihlathi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, akhiphe iphunga elimnandi... Izithelo zincane, zimnyama.
Okukhathazayo
Yathatha izimpande kahle phakathi nendawo nasenyakatho. Ihlukahluka ngezimbali eziningi. Izithelo ezimnyama nsundu zinambitheka omuncu futhi one-tart. Isivuno esikhulu nokuvuthwa kokuqala, ukuqina kwasebusika kwenza isihlahla sikulungele ukukhula ezimweni ezibandayo. Isihlahla esingafika kumamitha ayi-5 siveza kuze kufike ku-15 kg wamajikijolo.
I-self-fertile ne-Sakhalin (ama-cherry weSiberia)
Izinhlobo ezivuthwa ekuqaleni, amajikijolo avuthwa ngoJulayi, akhuliswa ngabalimi baseSiberia. Babekezelela iqhwa ngokuphelele. Banikeza isivuno esihle njalo kuze kufike kuma-20-22 kg... Ukumelana nezifo. Amaqhwa entwasahlobo abekezeleleka kalula. Izihlahla ezinomqhele onamandla kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-8, ziqhakaza ngama-inflorescence amakhulu amhlophe. Izinhlobo ziyahlukahluka ekunambithekeni kwamajikijolo.
I-Amanogova (sakura) enhle
Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu yi-Amanogov sakura. I-cherry yamazinyoni ingeyezinhlobo ze-plums, ngokusho kohlobo lwesici ku-cherry... Ngakho-ke, i-sakura edumile yaseJapan nayo iyi-cherry yezinyoni. Isihlahla esimise okwe-dome esenziwe nge-Amonogova esincane. Izimbali ezimbili ezimhlophe-pink zimboza isihlahla sonke. Ukuqhakaza okumnandi ngokungafani nephunga elibucayi kwenza i-sakura idume njengesinye sezimangaliso ezidalwe yimvelo.
Isi-Ssiori (Far Eastern, Ainu)
Isihlahla esihle esinamandla, esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20 ukuphakama. Indawo yokusabalalisa i-Kuril Islands neSakhalin. Lapho ama-inflorescence eqhakaza, anombala obomvu-nsomi, kamuva abe mhlophe. I-inflorescence ubude obufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15, nembali enhle emise okwensimbi nephunga elibucayi kakhulu... Amajikijolo amakhulu afika ku-12 mm.
Ukwelapha izakhiwo ngokhuni
Abaphulukisi ezikhathini zasendulo babazi ngezici zokuphulukisa zesitshalo, eziqukethwe amagxolo, amaqabunga kanye namajikijolo.
Ngakho-ke, zazisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekwelashweni:
- phytoncides, aqukethwe kumagxolo esihlahla, asetshenziswa ngendlela yama-decoctions noma ama-tinctures. Amagxolo asuswa ngemichilo emincane entwasahlobo. Isetshenziswa njenge-anti-inflammatory, anti-febrile ne-diaphoretic. Ama-tinctures alungele i-rheumatism.
I-Hydrocyanic acid ikhona kumagxolo namaqabunga, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu emithamo.
- ngezifo zamaphaphu i-decoction yamaqabunga nezimbali iyasiza. Ukufakwa kwezimbali kuphatha ulwelwesi lwamafu. Amagxolo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-rheumatism;
- izithelo ziyinqolobane yamavithamini nezinto eziwusizo... Amavithamini P, okuthiwa ama-flavonoids, aqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi. I-Amygdalin (B17, ngaphezu kwakho konke emathanjeni) isetshenziswa njenge-antitumor kanye ne-anticancer agent. Ushukela, i-citric, i-ascorbic, i-malic acid, amafutha abalulekile namafutha (ezimbewini), izakhi zamaminerali, kufaka phakathi i-molybdenum ne-titanium, ziqukethwe izithelo. Ngakho-ke, zisetshenziswa njengekhambi lezifo eziningi zesisu, imikhuhlane. Ama-tannins wezithelo nama-astringents asetshenziselwa ukulwa nohudo;
Kungenxa yalezi zakhiwo ukuthi i-bird cherry ithole ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nokupheka ekhaya.
Ukupheka ukusetshenziswa
I-bird cherry isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni. Ngokuya kokunambitheka, amajikijolo aphansi kunama-congeners - ama-cherries, ama-cherries nama-plums. ngenxa yokunambitheka okuncanyana nokumuncu, kepha zilungele umzimba futhi zinephunga elimnandi.
Amajikijolo omisiwe agaywa abe ufulawa... Isetshenziswa njengesengezo semikhiqizo yokubhaka. Izimpahla ezibhakiwe zithola iphunga elicashile elibucayi.
Sebenzisa:
- ikhekhe lenziwa ngofulawa we-bird cherry;
- yenza i-cherry kvass enhle yezinyoni;
- ngesisekelo sayo yenza ama-tinctures, ama-liqueurs;
- amajikijolo amasha ukugcwaliswa okuhle kwamaphayi;
- yenza i-jelly, iziphuzo zezithelo, ama-syrups;
- amaqabunga amancane angasetshenziselwa amasaladi;
- phisa itiye;
- yenza ujamu.
I-cherry cherry ibaluleke kakhulu ezifundeni ezisenyakatho.lapho amajikijolo angatshalwa ezindaweni ezipholile angakwazi ukuvuthwa.
I-cherry cherry isakazeke kuyo yonke insimu yezwe lethu. Ujabulisa iphunga lezimbali neliphundu. Kusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nokupheka... Abalimi bezitshalo batshala izinhlobo ezintsha. Izinhlobo zemihlobiso yezihlahla zisetshenziswa engadini yezwe. Izimbongi nababhali babhala nge-bird cherry ngemfudumalo nangothando.