Izinhlobonhlobo zamapheya uLyubimitsa Klappa unambitheka okhethekile nephunga. Abalimi bengadi bayalwazisa lolu hlobo lwepeyari ngokuba lula kwalo ekunakekelweni nasekulimeni.
Izinhlobonhlobo zakhuliswa ngekhulu le-19 ngabazalisi baseMelika.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamapheya uLyubimitsa Klappa
Izinhlobonhlobo sezisabalele eRussia. Lobu buhle bukhula ezifundeni zaseKrasnodar naseStavropol, eLower Volga Region naseKalmykia, eRostov naseAstrakhan Regions.
Okuthandwa kakhulu nguKlapp kungenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zamapheya ehlobo, ihlukaniswa nokuzithoba kwayo, ikwenze kube kuhle ukuzalanisa kuziza zomuntu siqu.
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla esiphakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zeLyubimitsa Klappa akweqi ngamamitha amane, lesi sitshalo singezitshalo ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo.
Isihlahla esincane sikhula ngamandla. Engxenyeni yesibili yokuphila, umqhele uyathuthuka, ngalesi sikhathi kuthatha isimo esiyindilinga ebanzi.
Intandokazi yomuthi wepheya iKlapp ingathela izithelo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi futhi imelane namazinga okushisa aphansi nesomiso. Isikhathi sokuphila sesitshalo iminyaka engama-55., isikhathi esiphezulu sempilo yiminyaka engama-80.
Izihlahla zezithelo zalolu hlobo zinikezwe amahlamvu amahle, leli qiniso libaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo. ILuscious, amahlamvu acwebezelayo angahlobisa noma iyiphi indawo engadini.
Lesi sitshalo siheha ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwaso.
Izithelo zezinhlobonhlobo zeLyubimitsa Klappa eziphakathi nendawo nezinkulu, enesisindo esisuka ku-110 kuye ku-250 amagremu, namapheya amakhulu ngokuvamile akhula ezihlahleni ezincane. Isihlahla esidala, izithelo zincane.
Izithelo ezimise okweqanda zinomumo othe ngci. Isikhumba sithambile futhi sibushelelezi sinama-tubercles amancane. Eliphakathi kwezivuthiwe iba phuzi, ohlangothini olunelanga, i-blush encane ivunyelwe. Isiqu sepheya sifushane, sijiyile esisekelweni.
Izithelo zamapheya zinamanzi amaningi... Banephunga elikhanyayo nokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu. Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuhle, ipheya livame ukudliwa liluhlaza, ngasikhathi sinye, livunelwa ubusika: lisemathinini futhi lomisiwe.
Ekwenziweni kwezithelo ezomisiwe, izithelo zithathwa esigabeni sokuqala sentuthuko. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ezikhiwe zigcinwa izinsuku eziyi-10 kuze kube amasonto amabili.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinhlobonhlobo zeLyubimitsa Klappa zinezinzuzo eziningi, sibonga ukuthi yibaphi abalimi abathanda kakhulu lolu hlobo lwepeyari. Izinzuzo zokuhlukahluka:
- ukungathobeki kuhlobo lomhlabathi;
- ikhono lokuthela izithelo amashumi eminyaka ambalwa;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa;
- izithelo ezinamanzi ezinemininingwane ephezulu yobuchwepheshe.
Kanye nama-pluses, izinhlobonhlobo zinezinkinga ezithile, lapho kufanele kuqashelwe lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- izihlahla zamapheya zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zijwayele ukukhwabanisa;
- izithelo ezivuthiwe azigcinwa isikhathi eside;
- izithelo azinamathele ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi ukuchitheka kwezithelo kwenzeka.
Ukufika
Njengoba sekushiwo, lesi sitshalo asithobekile futhi singakhula kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi. kodwa inhlabathi elula emanzi iyancomeka... Inhlabathi kufanele ilungele umoya nomswakama.
Ukutshala izithombo, kungcono ukhethe ingxenye eseningizimu, entshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga yensimu. Ngaphandle kokuthi izihlahla zamapheya zezinhlobonhlobo zaseLyubimitsa Klappa zithanda umswakama, ngokweqile kwazo ziqala ukubuna.
ngakho-ke kufanele zikhule ezindaweni ezinelanga, kubalulekile ukuthi umoya ungabi nomswakama ngokweqile.
Izithombo zokutshala zikhethwa ziqinile futhi ziphilile. Isiqu namagatsha esihlahla kufanele kube nokunwebeka, futhi uhlelo lwempande kufanele lwenziwe: lude, lube negatsha. Izimpande ezifile zinqunywa ziye endaweni yokuhlala ngaphambi kokutshala.
Izihlahla zingatshalwa zombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kuyilapho, yokutshala entwasahlobo, inhlabathi ilungiswa kusengaphambili - ekwindla... Ukwehla kwentwasahlobo kuqala ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli futhi kungaqhubeka kuze kufike ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Inhlabathi kumele yenziwe ngaphambi kokufanele:
- Ingqimba engenhla evundile isuswa emgodini.
- Inhlabathi ekhishwe emgodini kufanele ixutshwe nomanyolo ophilayo; ngoba kulokhu, umquba, i-peat, umquba kufanelekile. Kukhona futhi umanyolo wamaminerali (i-potassium-phosphorus) nomlotha wokhuni.
- Ingxube evelayo ithululelwa emuva emgodini onqenqemeni impela.
Ungathathi umquba omusha. Kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukubola futhi kungalimaza izimpande zesitshalo.
Isithombo sijule emgodini ukuze ikhola lawo lezimpande likhuphuke ngamasentimitha ama-3 ngaphezu komhlabathi. Inqubo yokutshala izithombo izoba kanjena:
- Ngezansi komgodi, inhlabathi ibekwa ngendlela yesiduli esincane.
- Isithombo sehliselwa emgodini.
- Izimpande zisatshalaliswa ngokucophelela phezu kwendunduma.
- Thela inhlabathi esele.
- Tamp futhi slam.
- Yakha ukhalo oluyisiyingi lomhlaba nxazonke zesiqu.
- Thela ngamanzi, udinga amabhakede amabili.
- Ukuhlanganisa umhlaba.
- Bopha isithombo esikhonkwaneni.
Izithombo zepheya zizwela kakhulu, ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka kabusha zingafa, ngakho-ke lokhu inqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukuze ipheya lithele izithelo kahle, lizodinga ukunakekelwa okufanele. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukondliwa njalo, amanzi, enza izinqubo zokuvimbela ukulwa nezifo nezinambuzane.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokutshala, izihlahla ezincane zizodinga ukunakekelwa. Ngokushesha nje lapho isihlahla siqina futhi sigxilile, ukuphakelwa kokuqala kuyenziwa.
Ekwindla, umanyolo ophilayo ubekwa uzungeze isihlahla, ukwakheka okufanayo okusetshenziselwe ukutshala, umanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium nawo uzosiza.
Ezihlahleni ezivuthiwe, uhlelo lwempande lujule kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuvundiswa kufakwa ngenye indlela. Ngenxa yalokhu, imithombo yenziwa buqamama nesitshalo, kuthelwa umanyolo kuyo.
Entwasahlobo, ipheya lidinga umanyolo onotrogen... Uma isimo sezulu somile futhi sifudumele, ungafafaza umqhele ngomanyolo; ngezinsuku zemvula, kufakwa umanyolo emithonjeni.
Lolu hlobo lomanyolo luzodingeka esitshalweni kuze kube phakathi nehlobo, ke udinga i-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Ukwakhiwa komqhele
Ukuvikela isihlahla kumaqhwa, kuyadingeka ukwakha umqhele... Izenzo eziyinhloko kufanele zihlose ukukhawulela ukukhula kwesihlahla - akufanele zikhule zibe zinde.
Kuze kube manje, eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine emva kokutshala, kuzodingeka ususe umqhubi ophakathi nendawo ezingeni elingaphezulu kwesigaba sesithathu samagatsha.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uzodinga ukusika amagatsha aphuma ngokuma phakathi nendawo. Ngale ndlela, ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuzonqunyelwa kumamitha ama-2.
Ukunisela
Pear Izintandokazi Clappa Isomiso Resistantfuthi nokho kudinga ukuchelela njalo. Isihlahla esisodwa sizodinga amalitha amanzi ayishumi. Ukunisela kwenziwa njalo emavikini amathathu.
Isihlahla esidala, kuzodingeka ukuthi siniselwe kaningi, kepha umthamo wamanzi uzodinga ukwandiswa.
Isitshalo esithela izithelo sizodinga ukuniselwa kathathu phakathi nenkathi. Isihlahla esisodwa sithatha amalitha angama-50 amanzi. Lokhu kuzoya ngenani lezithelo. Ukunisela kwenziwa:
- ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza;
- ngenkathi uthela izithelo;
- ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane
Intandokazi yamapheya uClapp othambekele utwayi... Ngakho-ke, abalimi kuzodingeka bathathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela.
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kukakhwekhwe, entwasahlobo, masinyane ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, futhi futhi kabili noma kathathu ehlobo, kuzothatha cubungula izihlahla ngenhlanganisela yeBordeaux.
Isikhathi esiphakathi kwezinqubo kufanele okungenani sibe amasonto amane.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ipheya liphinde livezwe kwezinye izingozi:
- izithelo ezibolile;
- i-sooty fungus (ukuqhuma okumnyama emaqabungeni);
- ukugqwala (amabala emaqabunga afana nokugqwala);
- ukuqhakaza kwe-mealy.
Isifo se-fungal - ukugqwala, yisifo esivamile phakathi kwalolu hlobo lwepheya. Njenge-prophylaxis nokwelashwa, isitshalo siphathwa nge-Bordeaux liquid.
Uma lesi sifo sesivele siqalile, khona-ke amaqabunga athintekile kufanele aqoqwe futhi ashiswe endaweni ekude nensimu.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yilesi sifo, kubalulekile susa wonke umjunipha engadini... Lesi sifo sivame ukukhula kuso, singadlulela ezihlahleni zezithelo.
Izithelo ukubola kanye powdery isikhutha icutshungulwe ngekhorasi.
Ukuvuna
Amapheya aqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesikhombisa emva kokutshala. futhi unikeze isivuno esizinzile seminyaka engama-60-80. Kungavunwa kuze kufike kumakhilogremu angama-300 esihlahleni esisodwa ngenkathi ngayinye.
Amapheya ahloselwe ukugcina isikhathi eside kufanele asuswe angavuthiwe. Inqubo yokuvuna yenziwa ekuseni.
Ukuze ungalimazi isithelo ngesikhathi sokugcinwa, isiqu kufanele sigcinwe... Faka amapheya esitsheni esihlanzekile. Udinga ukugcina isivuno endaweni engenawo umoya.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi impilo eshalofini yamapheya yalolu hlobo imfushane. Ipheya lingelezinhlobo zasehlobo. Izithelo ezilimele azikwazi ukugcinwa.
Ukubuyekezwa kwengadi
Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ipheya le-Favorite Klapp ngoba lesi isitshalo esingenakuzithoba... Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi bezithelo zamapheya kulungile, amapheya anamanzi, ahehayo ngaphandle futhi anokunambitheka okuhle.
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi izithelo ezintsha azigcinwa isikhathi eside, amapheya enza ama-compotes amahle nojamu.
Ngokuya ngokubuyekezwa kwabalimi, ipheya likaLyubimitsa Klapp lifakiwe kuhlu lwezinhlobo zamapheya ezinhle kakhulu ezikhula eRussia.
Intandokazi kaPear Clapp yaziswa ngokubukeka kwayo okuhle nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Ukunambitheka okunothile nephunga elibucayi kwenza kube yintandokazi yabantu abadala nezingane.
Izihlahla zamapheya zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinenzuzo eziningana, ziqinile-ziqinile futhi azesabi isomiso, ngenxa yezimfanelo ezinjalo, izinhlobonhlobo ziye zathola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalimi emhlabeni wonke.