Omunye wabamele izinhlobo zamaDashi yi-Vicoda sitrobheli. Ngaso leso sikhathi ithole ukuthandwa ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okumnandi, isakhiwo esibucayi, ubuhle bemvelo obumsulwa nokuqukethwe izakhamzimba. Incazelo eningiliziwe yalokhu kuhlukahluka yethulwe ngezansi.
Incazelo ye-sitrobheli Vicoda nezici
IVicoda iyinhlobonhlobo ehloniphekile ye-sitrobheli, umphumela womsebenzi wabafuyi abavela eHolland.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakha i-shrub eqinile futhi enamandla yokuphakama okuphakathi ngamahlumela aqinile, awugqinsi. Lesi sitshalo sihlotshiswe ngamashidi amakhulu ombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Ukusuka ngenhla, ingaphezulu lepuleti leshidi liboshwe kancane, linama-denticles amancane onqenqemeni. Ama-petioles aqinile ane-pubescence encane. Amadevu anika okuncane, okwenza kube lula ukunakekela isitshalo.
Amajikijolo amakhulu ayindilinga anombala obomvu ojulile. Isisindo sesilinganiso sezithelo sisukela ku-50-70 g... Isisindo sezithelo zokuqala singaba yi-120 g. I-pulp ebucayi enokuqina okuqinile, ayiqukethe i-voids. Amajikijolo anokunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi nokumuncu ngomphunga omuncu wezithelo okhumbuza ama-cherry.
I-Vicoda yizinhlobonhlobo ze-sitrobheli sekwephuzile. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa - maphakathi noJulayi. Lolu hlobo lwesivuno samajikijolo luvumela ukuvunwa lapho iningi lezinye izinhlobo zalo selivele liyekile ukuthela izithelo.
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo
- izithelo zokuqala zinkulu, imvamisa emise ikama, ingaba kabili, futhi kamuva - yesimo esiyindilinga esifanele;
- ama-sepals ahlukaniswa kalula namajikijololokho akuthinti isivuno ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa nokuthuthwa;
- ukuvela kombala omhlophe ekugcineni kwento isithelo kukhombisa ukuvuthwa kwayo kobuchwepheshe;
- ingenye ye- Izinhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile Ukukhethwa kwamanye amazwe.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinzuzo zokuhlukahluka, ngenxa yokuthi ifanelwe indawo yayo engadini:
- phezulu izinkomba zesivuno, kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungaqoqa kufika ku-1 kg wamajikijolo amnandi namanzi;
- izithelo ezinkulu ngezici ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitha;
- amajikijolo ukubekezelela ngokuphelele ukuthuthwa futhi ungalahlekelwa ukwethula kwabo;
- ukuqina kwasebusika njengokungenakulinganiswa nobunzima besimo sasebusika esingesihle;
- kuhle kakhulu ukufaneleka kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu;
- kuhle ukumelana izifo ezahlukahlukene nokuhlaselwa izinambuzane;
- amajikijolo okusetshenziswa endaweni yonke, zingadliwa ziluhlaza, zifriziwe futhi zisetshenziselwe amalungiselelo ebusika.
Ngazo zonke izinzuzo eziningi, i-Vicoda sitrobheli inezinkinga ezincane.:
- lapho kushisa khona ukuminyana kwamajikijolo kungancipha;
- izihlahla ziyadingeka hlala kude kakhulu komunye nomunye, okungeyona ekahle kakhulu kuziza ezincane zasendlini.
Izindlela ze-Agrotechnical zokutshala izitshalo zeberry
Amapharamitha amakhulu azoqinisekisa ukuthela kwama-strawberry futhi awavikele ezifweni.
Ukukhethwa kwesayithi lokutshala nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Imibhede esendaweni ekhanyisiwe futhi evikelwe emimoyeni enamandla izoba nemikhiqizo ephezulu.
Ama-Strawberries akhetha umhlabathi olula, i-chernozem nenhlabathi yehlathi elimpunga, okungenani kunawo wonke athanda inhlabathi yobumba. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele asondele kunama-60-80 cm. Inkomba ye-asidi ilungile ngaphakathi kwebanga le-pH 2.7-6.2... Izinhlamvu, u-anyanisi, u-garlic, ama-marigolds, i-petunia kubhekwa njengabanduleli abahle ngaphambili. Ungatshala ama-strawberry endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engu-3-4.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukubhubhisa ukhula kusayithi... Bese ufaka umanyolo ophilayo bese umba. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala kwentwasahlobo ekwindla. Ukutshala ehlobo nasekwindla, umsebenzi odingekayo kufanele wenziwe inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuze umhlaba ube nesikhathi sokucwila, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zezithombo zingase zingabi nalutho, okuzothinta kabi ukukhula kwesitshalo.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo zekhwalithi
Isivuno sincike kakhulu kwikhwalithi yento yokutshala. Izithombo zalolu hlobo kufanele zibe nezitshalo ezinamandla, ezinempilo futhi:
- ikhola yezimpande ngaphezu kuka-6mm ububanzi;
- uhlelo lwezimpande ezinezintambo, olwenziwayo izimpande ezingaphezu kuka-7cm;
- Amaqabunga ama-3-5 kanye nenso ephelele ye-apical.
Gcina izithombo endaweni epholile cishe izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala. Lokhu kuzokhulisa ukumelana nezinto zangaphandle. Izimpande zingancishiswa ngo-5 cm ukuvuselela ukukhula kwezimpande eziseceleni futhi zivikele isitshalo ezinambuzaneni.
Izigaba zenqubo yokutshala
Izithombo kufanele zitshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba... Ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kwenziwa kahle lapho iqhwa liyancibilika futhi umhlabathi ufudumala. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungalibali ukutshala ekwindla, ngoba izithombo ngeke zibe nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi zizofa ngenxa yesithwathwa.
Khetha usuku olunamafu lokutshala. Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo, izithombo zidinga ukufakwa umthunzi amasonto amabili emva kokutshala.
- Engadini izimbobo zokwakha, ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwabo ngama-40 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa engu-50-60 cm, ngoba ngokutshala okujiyile izitshalo zizoba nokuntuleka kokukhanya nezakhi.
- Thela amanzi emigodini embiwe bese uqala ukutshala izimpande zokutshala mahhala, ngaphandle kokuzigoba futhi uzimboze eduze ngomhlaba, okuzovumela ukuthi izithombo zikhule ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukhololo wezimpande, lapho iphuzu lokukhula likhona khona, ungaphezulu kobuso bomhlaba.
- Inhlabathi ihlangene kahle bese uthambisa kancane.
- Ukuhlanganiswa ne-humusukuvimbela uqweqwe phansi.
Ama-strawberry aqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka olandelayo emva kokutshala. Izithombo ezitshaliwe ngo-Agasti zinesikhathi sokubeka iziqu zezimbali kuze kufike ekwindla.
Isethi yezinyathelo zokunakekelwa
Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile samajikijolo amnandi namanzi, udinga ukunakekela ama-strawberry. Ukunakekela kufaka imisebenzi elandelayo:
Ukunisela nokugunda inhlabathi
Lapho ukhula ama-strawberry, hlela uhlelo lokuchelela olusezingeni eliphakeme. Entwasahlobo, thambisa umhlaba njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7... Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezithelo, nisela isitshalo izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto usebenzisa amanzi afudumele. Imvamisa efanelekile yokuchelela ekwindla izikhathi ezi-2 ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
I-mulching kufanele yenziwe ngenkathi yokukhulausebenzisa utshani noma ifilimu. Lokhu kuzogcina inhlabathi imanzi futhi kuvimbele ukuqhekeka.
Ukulawulwa kokhula
Ukuze ungagcwalisi ngokweqile umhlabathi ngamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela uqinisekise ukuhlanzeka kwemvelo kwezithelo udinga ukulwa nokhula engadini, ngokwenza ukhula njalo, okufanele kwenziwe lapho kudingeka.
Isingeniso somsoco
Ukuze uthole isivuno esilinganiselwe nesisezingeni eliphakeme, ukondla ngesikhathi esifanele ngezinto eziphilayo kanye nezengezo zamaminerali ngeqoqo lama-microelements adingekayo kuyisicefe. Kunconywa ukufaka umquba entwasahlobo, lapho amahlumela ekhula, ukuthola amandla nokwakha izithelo.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Ekwindla, kufanele uhlole isimo sohlelo lwempande. Uma itholakala phezulu, khona-ke udinga ukuyifafaza ngenhlabathi. Futhi khulula izihlahla emaqabungeni amadala futhi omile. Ukuze ulondoloze ama-strawberry ebusika, ungafafaza ungqimba lwe-sawdust noma utshani... Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lokhu kufakwa kufanele kususwe. Ebusika obuphumelelayo besitshalo ngoNovemba, vala insimu ngamagatsha e-spruce.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha
Phakathi kwezindlela zokuzalela ama-strawberry zihlukile: amadevu, ahlukanisa isihlahla nembewu.
Amadevu
Indlela edume kakhulu yokuthola okokutshala ikhula kusuka kumahlumela emifino - intshebe. Izinhlobonhlobo zakha inani elincane lama-rosettes, ngakho-ke susa kancane ama-pedunclesukuqondisa amandla esitshalo ukukhiqiza kabusha.
Ngesikhathi sokuthela izithelo, phawula izinhlobo zezinhlobo zamajikijolo... Ngemuva kokuvuna, qondisa amadevu akhiwe kuwo ama-rosettes, bese ucindezela kancane i-rosette emhlabathini bese uyifafaza ngomhlaba ukuze izinhliziyo zihlale zikhululekile. Ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ngoSepthemba, tshala izihlahla ezintsha ezinezimpande ezithuthukile endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla isetshenziswa kaningi. Kepha kuyasebenza futhi kufanele ukusizakala. Kwalokhu kubalulekile ukuveza izihlahla ezinempilo nezinamandla ezinamathiphu angaphezu kwelilodwa nge-rosette... Bamba izibonelo ezikhethiwe. Hlukanisa ngokucophelela izisekelo komunye nomunye. Ukwehlukaniswa okulungile kuqinisekisa izitshalo ezigcwele ezingathela izithelo ngonyaka wokuqala.
Tshala izihlahla ezintsha emigodini yokulungisa elungiselelwe ukuze izimpande zezitshalo zimbozwe ngokuphelele, kungenjalo zizoma ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwalokho kuhle ukunisela.
Ungahlukanisa isitolo esihlahleni esikhulu bese usifaka endaweni ehlukilelapho izokhula futhi ithuthuke yodwa.
Imbewu
Ukusabalalisa imbewu kusetshenziselwa ukuthola izinhlobo ezintsha. Endabeni yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Vicoda, ukusakazwa usebenzisa imbewu akukufanele.ngoba izakhiwo zesitshalo esingumama ngeke zidluliswe ngokungaguquguquki. Kukhona ithuba lokuthola amahlathi azoba nezithelo ezincane nezingenambitheki.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, isiko kufanele lihlolwe njalo ukuthola izimpawu zokulimala ngama-parasites, izifo, futhi uma kutholakala, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele ngokushesha. Imininingwane yezifo nezinambuzane ekhonjiswe etafuleni izosiza ukukhomba kahle izinkinga futhi uzixazulule ngokushesha..
IZIFO EZIKHULU | |||
---|---|---|---|
igama | uphawu | ukuvimbela | izinyathelo zokulawula |
Ukubola okumpunga | Ukuba khona kwamabala ansundu kumajikijolo namaqabunga anokuqhakaza okumpunga okumpunga | Susa amaqabunga omile nokhula, ngenkathi kwakhiwa amajikijolo, gada izikhala usebenzisa utshani, sawdust, izinaliti, impova sezihlahla ezimanzi nomhlabathi ngokhuni oluhlungiwe | Qoqa futhi ubhubhise izithelo ezilimele, ziphathe ngokulungiselela isenzo se-fungicidal sokulwa nezilonda zezifo zefungal |
Isikhunta se-Powdery | Ukuvela kokuqhakaza okumhlophe engxenyeni eluhlaza yehlathi, eba isikhumba futhi ithathe umbala wethusi | Ungatshali izihlahla kakhulu ukhula ngesikhathi phakathi kwemigqa yezitshalo zeberry, sifike ngesikhathi esifanele futhi utshale izihlahla zezitshalo | Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okunzima, phatha ngama-fungicides ebanzi |
Izilokazane eziyingozi | |||
I-Nematode | Ukukhula kancane, imithambo egqinsiwe yamapuleti amaqabunga, ukuqothuka kwamaqabunga apical | Ungavumeli imibhede iqine, imigqa ezacile njalo, hlela ukunakekelwa okufanele, tshala eduze kwama-strawberry, tshala izitshalo ezikhipha i-fungicide (marigolds, calendula), shintsha indawo yokufika okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-4 | Lapha ngamakhemikhali aqinile |
I-Strawberry mite | Idla amaqabunga amancane, avela kuwo aphuzi futhi akhubazeke | Futha usebenzisa amakhemikhali bese usebenzisa amakhambi esintu |
Isebenzisa izindlela zokulawula eziphelele nokunakekelwa okufanele ngemuva kwesivuno, ungavimbela ukuvela kwezifo nezinambuzane emibhedeni ye-sitrobheli.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zama-strawberry, i-Vicoda ifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile, ngenxa yezici zayo ezinhle nezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha. Ukukhulisa nokuzalanisa lokhu kuhlukahluka engadini akuyona into enzima kangako., njengoba kungabonakala ekuqaleni. Into esemqoka ukulandela zonke izindlela ze-agrotechnical zokukhula nezincomo zokunakekelwa futhi ujabulele iberry elihlwabusayo nelinempilo.