Wonke umlimi wensimu ufuna ukukhula ngendlela engavamile, enhle, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izithelo ezihlwabusayo kusakhiwo sakhe siqu. Utamatisi uyimifino ejwayelekile futhi itholakala cishe kuyo yonke imizi. Enye yezinto ezintsha zokuzalela yizinhlobonhlobo zikatamatisi Chocolate. Okulandelayo, sizozama ukuthola ukuthi ungamtshala kanjani utamatisi walokhu okuhlukahlukene engadini yethu, futhi futhi ucabangele incazelo eningiliziwe nencazelo.
Incazelo kanye nezici zikatamatisi wetshokholethi
Lesi siko sakhuliswa ngabalimi ngekhulu lama-21. Izithelo zesitshalo zihlukaniswa ngombala ongajwayelekile, kanye nokunambitheka okuphezulu.
Incazelo yamahlathi:
- Ngosayizi omaphakathi, finyelela ubude 120-150cm.
- Uhlelo lwempande: luqinile ngamagatsha avundlile.
- Iziqu ziqinile futhi zidinga i-garter yezithelo eziphezulu.
- Amaqabunga: aluhlaza, aphakathi nendawo ngosayizi.
- Ama-inflorescence: uhlobo oluphakathi.
Cishe izithelo ezi-5 zakheka kuqoqo elilodwa.
Incazelo yezithelo:
- izithelo ziyindilinga, zithambile kancane;
- isisindo esimaphakathi 200-400 amagremu;
- utamatisi umbala: ushokoledi obomvu onsundu;
- uginindela: uyinyama, unamanzi amaningi.
Izithelo akuhloselwe ukugcina isikhathi eside futhi ekuphekeni kusetshenziswa amasaladi, amasoso, ukudla okulula kwemifino nokuwafaka emathinini.
Ngohlobo lokukhula, le ngxubevange iyisiko elingajwayelekile lokunquma. Lena inhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nesikhathi sonyaka kanti isivuno sokuqala sivuthwa cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu. Isivuno esijwayelekile ngesizini ngayinye singu-10-15 kg / m2.
Utamatisi walolu hlobo ungatshalwa kokubili ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasezindaweni ezivulekile.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zezithelo ezimnyama nezinye utamatisi ukunambitheka kwazo. Ushokoledi unikezwe amandla okuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu futhi ngenxa yesilinganiso esikhethekile se-sugar-acid index sinokunambitheka okumnandi.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo ezingezansi:
- Ukulima okungenakuzithoba.
- Ukukhululeka kokutshalwa.
- Izihlahla ezinobukhulu obuphakathi.
- Ukumelana nezifo.
- Ukunambitheka okuphezulu.
- Uhlobo oluthandekayo lwesithelo.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka akunazithiyo ezithile; okuyinhloko ukungakwazi ukugcinwa kwezithelo isikhathi eside.
Imithetho yokuhlwanyela
Njengoba sekushiwo, utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo ungatshalwa zombili ezimweni zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile.
Uhlwanyela nini
Imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe cishe Izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo... Udinga ukutshala imbewu ku-greenhouse ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambili.
Lapho kubalwa isikhathi sokuhlwanyela utamatisi, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya isibikezelo sezulu ukuze isitshalo singanciphisi ukukhula futhi sinikeze isivuno esinothile.
Silungisa imbewu nenhlabathi
Ngenxa yokuthi i-Chocolate iyinhlobonhlobo ye-hybrid, imbewu yayo asikho isidingo sokubulala amagciwane, cwilisa noma uqinise.
Okokuqala, kuhlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezijulile nezikhudlwana, phambilini ezazigcwaliswe ngengxube yobumba. Lezi zamuva zingathengwa ezitolo noma zilungiselelwe wena.
Ukulungisa ingxube yobumba:
- hlanganisa ngamanani alinganayo i-peat, i-humus ne-turf;
- engeza u-1 tbsp ebhakedeni lenhlanganisela evelayo. isipuni somlotha;
- engeza ithisipuni elilodwa likamanyolo we-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Ingxube evelayo kufanele ibulawe amagciwane. Ukwenza lokhu, kubalwa ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-200 kuhhavini imizuzu embalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nge-disinfection, inhlabathi inganiselwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Uhlwanyela kanjani
Masinyane ngosuku lokuhlwanyela, ingxube yobumba ibekwe ngokuqinile ezitsheni, okwenza kube nokudangala okungajulile. Isikhala esiphakathi kwemisele sinesilinganiso seminwe emi-2. Imbewu iphonswa kule mingxuma bese ilala.
Ukunakekelwa kwezithombo
Izithombo ezitsheni kufanele zigcinwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle enezinga lokushisa lomoya le- +18 +25 degrees.
Okuqukethwe umswakama wenhlanganisela kufanele kubhekwe nsuku zonke futhi, uma kunesidingo, kufuthwe.
Lapho amahlumela evela esimweni sezulu esifudumele, iziqukathi kufanele zikhishwe ngaphandle. Ngosuku lokuqala, yikhiphe imizuzu engu-5, bese kuthi nsuku zonke wandise isikhathi lapho izithombo zihlala emoyeni omusha ngemizuzu emi-5.
Futhi, utamatisi amahlumela udinga ukondliwa... Ungasondla isitshalo kanye njalo emavikini amabili.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba yishumi, amaqabunga ama-2 avela emahlumela. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa khetha bese utshala izithombo ezivela esitsheni esikhulu zifake ezitsheni ezincane. Lezi kungaba izimbiza noma izinkomishi zepulasitiki. Izithombo zitshalwa ngobunono, kanye nomhlabathi.
Ukufakelwa kabusha
Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, kuvela amabhulashi ezimbali ezimbewini, futhi sekuyisikhathi sokutshala ezindaweni ezivulekile. Ukuthola isivuno esikhulu, lesi sitshalo kufanele sitshalwe emhlabathini olula onendawo ye-acid-alkaline engathathi hlangothi.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo:
- Ukuxegisa umhlabathi uye ekuphakameni kwehalavu.
- Vala indawo lapho kuzokwakhiwa khona ngefilimu emnyama ukufudumeza umhlabathi kuze kufike ku- + 15 degrees.
- Faka umanyolo ngezinga elingu-3 kg ngemitha eyisikwele.
Izithombo zamatamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile zitshalwe cishe ekupheleni kukaMeyi... Imvamisa kuhlwanyelwa izihlahla ezi-3 ngemitha ngayinye.
Izithombo ezincane zingatshalwa endaweni ezolile, hhayi enomoya noma enelanga.
Ukunakekelwa okuhlukahlukene ngemuva kokutshala
Ngemuva kokutshala, utamatisi we-Chocolate awudingi ukuwunakekela. Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kuqukethe ukuchelela, ukondla, ukukhipha ukhula, i-garter.
Ukuqoqa izithelo ezinkulu, udinga ukuqapha ukwakheka kwehlathi: ulibophe ngesikhathi, futhi ususe amaqanda angadingekile.
Ukunisela
Lesi siko asihloniphi ekunakekelweni, kepha sidinga ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile. Umhlabathi akufanele yomile... Esontweni lokuqala, izithombo zijwayele futhi ngalesi sikhathi izithombo akufanele ziniselwe.
Kuyadingeka ukunisela isitshalo phakathi kwemigqa noma ngaphansi kwezimpande... Ukunisela kwenziwa kahle ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa. Amanzi omlotha alungele inqubo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Lesi sitshalo sinconywa ukuthi sondliwe kathathu ngesizini ngayinye... Ungafaka ukugqoka okuphezulu njalo emavikini amabili kuze kube izithelo zivuthwa. Yonke imanyolo enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-nitrate kufanelekile ukondla.
Izihlahla ezincane zidinga ukukhula nokukhula i-magnesium, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izihlahla zidinga i-boron... Ngokushoda kwe-calcium, kubalulekile ukwengeza amalungiselelo aqukethe le nto.
Uma ufaka umanyolo wamaminerali, ukwakheka kwe-agrochemical kwenhlabathi kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ukondla kuqala ngosuku lwe-10 ngemuva kokutshala izithombo. Kunconywa ukondla utamatisi okwesibili ngosuku lwama-20.
Ukhula
Imibhede yamatamatisi kufanele isuswe njalo ukhula, futhi nenhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe ukuze ithole isivuno esinothile. Ukhula kufanele lulawulwe ngenkuthalo njengoba luthatha izakhamzimba nomswakama futhi lwakha umthunzi.
Izihlahla ze-Garter
Izihlahla zikatamatisi kumele ziboshwe ukuze zingaphuli esisindweni sazo. Ukuze izihlahla zithathe izimpande ze-garter, izikhonkwane zisetshenziswa, ubude obungu-1.2-1.5 m inkambu yokufika ngokushesha.
Izikhonkwane ziqhutshelwa emhlabathini ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwesitshalo. I-indent ka-10 cm yenziwa ngesiqu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukufeza ukuncinzangokususa amahlumela ohlangothini olungadingekile. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ekuseni.
Izifo nokuvinjelwa kwazo
Izinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi I-Chocolate ibonakala ngokuzivikela okuhle. Kodwa-ke, asikho isidingo sokuphumula futhi ungavimbi izifo, ngoba ingozi yokutheleleka isekhona.
Izincomo eziyisisekelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka:
- ukwengeza enhlabathini umlotha noma isidlo sethambo;
- ukufafaza kwansuku zonke kwemifino nge-decoction yomlotha, isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, i-copper sulfate namanye ama-fungicides angavamile.
Futhi ngosizo lwezinambuzane zokulawula izinambuzane kufanele kubhekwane nazo: ama-aphid, imikhaza kanye ne-cicadas.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi bemifino ngotamatisi wetshokholethi
Ukubuyekezwa ngotamatisi walolu hlobo kuningi okuhle. Wonke umuntu uncoma ukunambitheka okungavamile kwesithelo nokuvunwa okuphezulu.
UValentina, eTatarstan
Utshale utamatisi endle. Ukuhlukahluka okumangalisayo nje. Izithelo namanzi, amnandi, ayinyama... Uqoqe isivuno esimaphakathi.
U-Alexander, u-Omsk
Utshale utamatisi endlini ebamba ukushisa. Ngithole imbewu eyisimangaliso ngengozi. Ngalesi sikhathi, sengivele ngitshale ezinye izithombo zikatamatisi. Kuqoqiwe isivuno sokuqala kakhulu futhi icebile ngazo zonke izinhlobo ezitshaliwe. Ncoma wonke umuntu. Ngizotshala lokhu kuhlukahluka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
I-Tatiana, Gornozavodsk esifundeni sePerm
Utshale utamatisi endaweni evulekile. Maye, ngidumele ngalokhu kuhlukahluka. Isivuno singamaphuzu ama-4 asuka ku-5. Kepha maqondana nokunambitheka, izithelo zazikhona kumuncu, kunamanzi futhi akunambitheki nakancane... Ingxenye yesithelo eduze kwesiqu yahlala iluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka ozayo ngizozama ukutshala utamatisi woChocolate futhi.
UMarina, eKiev
Utshale utamatisi endle. Ngangeneliseka. Izithelo zinamanzi futhi zinoshukela. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okusha. Kanye ne wenza ijusi ne-adjika.
INadezhda, eSt.Petersburg
Ukukhulisa ushokoledi onemigqa endaweni yokugcina izithombo. Ngenxa yezulu elinethayo, izithelo bezikhona umuncu, amanzi... Ukubola okumpunga ne-phytophthora akuzange kubonwe. Ngiqoqe imbewu ngoba leyo ebithengwe esitolo ayihlumi kahle. Ngizozama ukutshala ngesizini ezayo.
Utamatisi Chocolate ukuhlukahluka kwaphakathi nesizini. Akuhloselwe ukugcina isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo eziluhlaza akufanele ziyekwe ukuvuthwa. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, lokhu kuhluka akufuneki ukunakekelwa futhi kunambitheka okuhle. Ngokukhonjelwe kuzo zonke izincomo, lokhu kuhluka kuzokujabulisa ngokuvunwa okunothile.