Utamatisi Umama Omkhulu uyinhlobonhlobo entsha yetamatisi yokuvuthwa okusaqala ukwenziwa eyenziwe ngabalimi baseRussia, abaningi balimi asebevele bayithanda. Lezi utamatisi kulula ukuzinakekela, ngakho-ke, ngisho nabaqalayo bangakwazi ukubhekana nokulinywa kwalolu hlobo. Incazelo nezimpawu zikatamatisi we-Big Mom zinikezwe ngezansi.
Incazelo nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo zikatamatisi Umama Omkhulu
Utamatisi Umama Omkhulu uhlobo oluthile lwetamatisi. Ngamanye amagama, ngemuva kokuvela kwebhulashi lesihlanu, isihlahla siyeke ukukhula futhi wonke amandla aso aya ekwakhiweni nasekuvuthweni kwezithelo. Yingakho ke ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela ku-65-70 cm kuphela, engaphazamisi ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-10 kg yamatamatisi ehlathini ngalinye. Izimpande ezinamandla zotamatisi zihlukana ngobubanzi, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo sanelisa ngokugcwele izidingo zaso zomswakama nezinto eziwusizo.
Ukubukeka:
- isiqu esinamandla nesinamandla;
- inani eliphelele lamaqabunga;
- amahlamvu aluhlaza aluhlaza ngaphandle kwe-pubescence (njengamazambane);
- Izithelo zimise okwenhliziyo, zinembambo encane, nekhala elincane.
Njengoba amaqabunga ayi-7 ekhula, ihlumela lokuqala eliqhakazayo likhula kulesi sitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho amahlumela wezithelo avela ngokulinganayo njalo emaqabunga ama-2. Izithelo isisindo 250-350 g, utamatisi wokuqala uvuthwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-85 ngemuva kokuhluma ezitsheni zezithombo. Isikhumba sale nhlobonhlobo yamatamatisi siminyene, sibomvu ngokugqamile.
Umlando wokuzala
Utamatisi Umama Omkhulu useseyintsha emakethe yethu. Kwakukhuliswa ngabalimi baseRussia, befuna ukutshala utamatisi omkhulu futhi ohlwabusayo ongakusebenzisa ekudleni nasekuvuneni. KuRejista Yombuso yeRussian Federation, lokhu kuhlukahluka kwabhaliswa ngo-2013, futhi kwanikezwa abathengi kuphela ngo-2015. Kepha noma ngesikhathi esifushane kangaka, lokhu utamatisi ukwazile ukuzimela njengoba uthela futhi ukhula kahle. Utamatisi unelungelo lobunikazi yiGavrish LLC.
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa kokuqala kunconywa ukuthi zikhule ngaphansi kwezimo zokugcina izithombo ukuze zikhule ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, lapho kungavunwa kuze kufike ku-10 kg wezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinoshukela esihlahleni ngasinye.
Isisindo sotamatisi emagatsheni okuqala sifinyelela kuma-350 g, emahlumela aphansi - kufika kuma-250 g Utamatisi ngamunye uhlala esihlangeni esiqinile esingavumeli ukuthi isivuno siwe. Eningizimu, kuvunyelwe ukutshala utamatisi enhlabathini evulekile.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Utamatisi ka-Big Mom unezinzuzo zawo, othokozelwa ngabalimi abaningi:
- ukunambitheka okuhle;
- umkhiqizo ophezulu;
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi;
- ukuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni;
- izithelo ezinkulu;
- ukuthuthwa okuhle;
- impilo eshalofini ende.
Utamatisi ungavunwa ungavuthiwe ngokuphepha, futhi ezimweni zekamelo uvuthwa kahle ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka noma ukuma. Isici esihlukile sezinhlobonhlobo inani eliphezulu lezinto eziwusizo, kufakwe izithelo - i-calcium, i-magnesium, amavithamini E, C, PP, B. Kungakho la matamatisi elungele ukudliwa okusha nakuma-saladi. Kepha izikhala, izithelo futhi azishiyi inzuzo nokunambitheka, ngakho-ke izinhlobonhlobo ze-Big Mom zibhekwa njengenketho enhle yokwenza ama-spins asebusika.
Izakhiwo ezingezinhle ayitholakali ezinhlobonhlobo.
Ukutshala imbewu
Iseluleko! Ukuze ukhule lokhu kuhlukahluka kukatamatisi, okokuqala udinga ukutshala imbewu yezithombo. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ekuqaleni kuze kube maphakathi no-Mashi, izinsuku ezingama-60-70 ngaphambi kokufaka izihlahla ezimweni zokushisa. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kufanele baphathwe ngesisombululo esikhanyayo esikhanyayo se-potassium permanganate, okuyindlela enhle yokuvikela izifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngemuva kokucubungula, imbewu idinga ukuhluma, okumele igoqwe ngendwangu emanzi futhi ishiywe ekamelweni elifudumele.
Ngenkathi imbewu ihluma kuyadingeka ukulungisa umhlaba wokuhlwanyela. Ngalezi zinhloso, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa inhlabathi yezithombo yomhlaba, ethengiswa ezitolo. I-substrate elula, enikezwe izakhamzimba, idinga ukuswakanyiswa kancane, bese kufanele kwenziwe kuyo imifula engu-1.5 cm ukujula.Imbewu kumele ibekwe ngokucophelela kule mihosha, bese ifafazwa ngoqweqwe lwenhlabathi.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, iziqukathi zezithombo zifakwa endaweni efudumele (ekhanyayo ngempela), lapho izinga lokushisa lizoba phakathi kuka + 23- + 25 ° С.
Ngemuva kwesonto kuzovela amahlumela okuqala, ngemuva kwalokho kususwe ifilimu, kufakwe isitsha sezithombo efasiteleni. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amathathu ezitshalweni, kwenziwa ipiki, lapho izithombo ezinenhlabathi zifakwa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ngenxa yokuntywila, isihlahla ngasinye sithola inani elanele lomoya nenhlabathi enomsoco, ozovumela ukuthi likhule kangcono. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, izihlahla ziyaniselwa. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ekuseni, lapho ilanga lingaphandle, ngenkathi kusibekele amafu izitshalo zizolula ngamandla. Ngesikhathi sokuchelela, ungazikhukhuli kakhulu izitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho zizoqala ukwelula ngokushesha - lokhu kuzoholela ekuthambekeni kwezithombo. Ukoma okukhulu kwenhlabathi kuzothinta kabi isimo sehlathi nokuzala okuzayo.
Utamatisi okhulayo
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle futhi sokuqala sikatamatisi izidingo zomama omkhulu unikeze izitshalo ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi... Kuqukethe ukufakelwa kabusha kwezithombo ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuchelela, ukukhulula, ukususa ukhula, ukondla neminye imisebenzi, okufanele ifundwe ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukutshala kabusha izithombo
Kuyadingeka ukutshala izitshalo endlini ebamba ukushisa ngemuva kokumiswa kwamazinga okushisa amahle ebusuku - ekupheleni noma phakathi kukaMeyi. Lapho ukutshala kugcinwa, kufanele kugcinwe le mithetho elandelayo:
- Ukufika udinga khetha izitshalo eziphakeme ngama-25 cm, namaqabunga ayi-6 noma ayi-9 ayiqiniso. Isiqu sesithombo kufanele siqine futhi uhlelo lwempande lukhule kahle, oluzovumela izihlahla zikhule kahle.
- Imbobo ngayinye idinga engeza idlanzana lamahumus, umquba nomlotha, enanini lika-0.5 kg nge-1 m².
- Uhlelo lokutshala izithombo - ama-4-5 ama-PC. nge-1 m², uma kusala izihlahlana ezengeziwe, akufanele ukhukhule ukutshala kwazo nazo, ngoba lokhu kuzodala izifo zezitshalo.
- Kuniselwe izitshalo ezitshalwe emhlabathini kanye ngesonto, kepha ngobuningi. Uma wenza lokhu kaningi, izimpande ngeke zikwazi ukuphefumula ngokujwayelekile futhi zithole izakhamzimba, ngakho-ke izitshalo ngeke zikhule kahle.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Ngemuva kokuthi izithombo zithathe izimpande, zondle. Utamatisi uphendula kahle ekwethulweni kwezinto eziphilayo (umquba, ubulongwe), obungondliwa amahlandla ama-3 ngenkathi yokukhula.
Ukondla izitshalo ezinomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi akubalulekanga kangako. Utamatisi udinga i-nitrogen kusenesikhathi sokukhula, ngisho nangaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngakho-ke izitshalo zidinga ukondliwa ngemuva kokuba sezimpande. I-Potassium ne-phosphorus zingangezwa emhlabathini ekwindla.
Ukuhlinzeka izimpande ngomoya omusha, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi njalo futhi ngokucophelela, ukuzama ukungalimazi izimpande.
Njengoba kufika izithelo eziyisithupha ezinkulu egatsheni ngalinye, amahlumela kufanele aboshwe.
Ngaphandle kokuthi utamatisi ka-Big Mom awudingi ukucinwa, kwesinye isikhathi iba namahlumela athe xaxa, ngakho-ke le nqubo ingenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ezokwandisa isivuno. Kwalokhu wonke amahlumela we-lateral angaphansi kwebhulashi lokuqala ayanqunywa ngendlela yokuthi i-hemp ingahlali endaweni yabo. Utamatisi bush Big Mom wakhiwa waba neziqu ezimbili, kanti ezitshalweni ezinamandla kakhulu ungashiya iziqu ezintathu.
Izici ze-fruiting
Ukuthola isivuno esihle sotamatisi, udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ukuchelela izitshalo, ukuqala kusukela ngesikhathi lapho imbewu ihluma. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zifuna umswakama kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu, kanye nokugcwaliswa kwezithelo. Kwezinye izikhathi zesizini ekhulayo, utamatisi awukhethi ngokukhethekile ngomswakama. Kuzoba ngcono kakhulu uma utamatisi untula umswakama ngesikhathi sokutshala, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali nezithelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukukhula ngokweqile kwamahlumela namaqabunga.
Kepha futhi akunakwenzeka ukuvumela inhlabathi ukuba yome ngokuphelele ngemuva kokutshala izitshalo, ngoba izimbali zingashesha ukuqhephuka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Ukuntuleka komswakama kusongela lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
- ukukhula kwezitshalo kunciphisa;
- isihlahla setamatisi siba buthakathaka, sibe mncane;
- Umanyolo awungeneki kahle.
Njengoba emhlabathini owomile, ukuhlushwa komanyolo kuyanda, okuholela ekushisweni kwezitshalo nezithelo.
Izifo nokuvinjelwa kwazo
Utamatisi Umama Omkhulu akamelana nezifo ezinjalo zefungal, njengokulimala sekwephuzile, isikhutha se-powdery, i-mosaic kagwayi. Kepha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubonakala kwazo, kuyadingeka ukwenza izindlela ezithile zokuvikela, njengokufaka umhlabathi inhlabathi, ukuxegisa, ukususa ukhula.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyinhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yokuvuthwa okukhulu okunesithelo esikhulu nokuqala. phakathi kwezinhlobo ezinqumayo. Futhi, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuthole izibuyekezo eziningi ezinhle ngokunambitheka kwawo okumnandi, okumnandi kanye nokunakekelwa kalula.