Umbila, owenziwe ngokusanhlamvu okusagolide elangeni, ubulokhu uyinto ekhethwayo ethandwayo amakhulu eminyaka. Ngokwenani lamavithamini, izinto ezincane nezincane, ingesinye sezikhundla ezihamba phambili phakathi kokusanhlamvu, futhi ngokubaluleka ibalwa endaweni yesithathu ngemuva kukakolweni nelayisi... Uyini umlando wemvelaphi nokusatshalaliswa kwalokhu okusanhlamvu nokuthi yini enquma uthando lwayo emhlabeni wonke.
Ukushiwo kokuqala nomlando wentuthuko, ikuphi indawo yokuzalwa yamabele
Izwe lommbila omnandi yiMelika impela. Izincazelo zayo zokuqala zibuyele emuva eminyakeni eyi-II-III yeminyaka eyi-BC. AmaNdiya asendulo ayesebenzisa isiko lokudla ngendlela ethosiwe, ebilisiwe, enza ngayo ufulawa ukubhaka amakhekhe acabalele, enza amawayini namasiraphu ahlukahlukene okusanhlamvu okuhlumekile. Kwanele ukusho ukuthi amaNdiya abheka unkulunkulu wenzalo iTlaloc njengonkulunkulu wommbila. Noma kunjalo, wayeyisitshalo esitshaliwe futhi izinhlobo zakhe zasendle azaziwa.
Vele uColumbus waba ngowokuqala owaletha "okusanhlamvu kommbila" eYurophu ngemuva kokuthola iMelika. Ukusuka eSpain nasePortugal, isiko lasabalala kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Eurasia, futhi laqala ukulikhulisa nase-Afrika. I-Ukraine ingomunye wabaholi baseYurophu ekukhuleni ummbila. AbaseSpain bayinike igama elihlonishwayo - "i-cornucopia", okusho ukuthi "i-hood ebukhali".
Ubufakazi bokuthi kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu okusanhlamvu kubantu izinga eliphezulu lokutshalwa kwalo: ummbila ulahlekelwe yikhono lokugeza okusanhlamvu nokuzikhiqiza kabusha, futhi imbewu yawo yokuhlwanyela kufanele igcinwe ngokucophelela emakamelweni omile, ngaphandle kwalokho iyawohloka futhi ilahlekelwe yikhono lokuhluma.
Ukubonakala kwesitshalo esilinyiwe lapho singatshalwa khona
Manje ummbila ungenye yezitshalo ezitshalwa kakhulu emazweni angaphezu kwama-60 omhlaba. Lokhu bekungenxa yekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene futhi kwaveza inqwaba yezinhlobo zezitshalo nezinhlobo kanye nomkhiqizo wazo omkhulu.
Ummbila (umbila) umuthi waminyaka yonke onezimpande ezinamandla, ofinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ama-3. Isiqu sawo singenalutho ngaphakathi, siqine kakhulu, simbozwe ngamaqabunga amade, avela ezidlekeni zezikhwebu ezikhulayo. Ngenxa yepulasitiki yayo - ikhono lokuzivumelanisa nezimo nokushintsha - ukusebenza kommbila kuyashintshashintsha kuye ngokuthi ukhula kuphi:
- ukuphakama - kusuka 80 cm kuya ku-6 metres;
- inani lamaqabunga - kusuka izingcezu eziyi-8 kuya kwezingu-40;
- ubude be-cob - kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-50 cm;
- isisindo sendlebe eyodwa sisukela ku-30 g kuye ku-0.5 kg.
Ubukhulu nenombolo yezinhlamvu esikhunjeni nakho kuyahluka.
Izinzuzo zezinhlamvu zommbila zomzimba womuntu
Ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, le cereal ihluke ngempela - izakhi ezingama-26 zethebula lezikhathi kanye nenani elikhulu lamavithamini. Izinhlamvu zegolide zihola kokuqukethwe kwensimbi - 3700 mcg, zinc - 1750 mcg, manganese - 1100 mcg. I-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-sodium, iodine, igolide, i-selenium, ama-fatty acids, i-mono ne-disaccharides, umlotha, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwesitashi ne-folic acid (B9), amavithamini eqembu B, PP, C, E - lokhu akukabi khona Uhlu oluphelele lwezinto alusizo kuphela, kepha alunakubuyiselwa emzimbeni womuntu.
Kufakazelwe ukuthi ummbila unomsebenzi ophakeme wokudla okunempilo kanye nowezinto eziphilayo, umuncwa kalula ngumzimba, ngakho-ke uwusizo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokudla.
Ngokuqukethwe okuphakathi kwekhalori, umkhiqizo uyakwazi ukusuthisa umzimba ngokushesha, unciphise ukudla, ngakho-ke kuyasiza ukusetshenziswa ngisho nangokukhuluphala.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okusemathinini kugcina zonke izakhiwo nezimfanelo ezizuzisayo. Isebenziseka kakhulu lapho ibilisiwe. Ithiphu: Bilisa izindlebe njalo ngaphandle kasawoti, ngaphandle kwalokho ubhontshisi uzoma futhi uqine. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele isiko elinamakhulu eminyaka linomphumela omuhle kubantu:
- normalizes umsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa, kusiza ukunqoba ukucindezeleka;
- okuqukethwe okuphezulu kukavithamini B1 kunikeza impilo enhle, kuqeda ukukhathala, ukukhathala, ukucasuka, kulawula uhlelo lokugaya ukudla - i-150 g yommbila iqukethe ikota yenani lansuku zonke le-thianine (B1);
- i-vitamin E inikeza izakhiwo ze-antioxidant, isiza ukwelula isikhathi sobusha, ivimbela i-sclerosis;
kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinhliziyo, kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza; - kusiza ukubuyisela imetabolism.
Incazelo Yesicelo
Okokuqala, yindlebe ebilisiwe. Kokubili abadala nezingane badla kubo ngenjabulo enkulu. Ummbila okheniwe usetshenziselwa ukwenza amasaladi nezitsha. Amafutha ommbila awusizo kakhulu - i-antioxidant enamandla, esetshenziselwa amasaladi, ukupheka, ukuthosa nokubhaka.
Okungenzeka ukuthi, okusanhlamvu okuthosiwe - kunempilo kakhulu kunommbila osethinini lapho kuphekwe ngaphandle kokufakwa kukasawoti, ushukela, namafutha emifino.
Iziqu zalesi sitshalo zithole ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imicu yokufakelwa, iglu, iphepha, izinto zokwakha, ukupakisha, futhi kunzima ngisho nokuhlela ukuthi yikuphi okunye.
I-decoction ye-corn stigmas - izinwele ezungeze isikhwebu - umuthi obalulekile futhi usiza ngempumelelo nge-cholecystitis, hepatitis, amatshe ezinso, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, futhi unomphumela wokuchama. Futhi noma ngabe ungabala izinhlelo ezingaki, usazokhohlwa okuthile.
Ungakuthola kanjani ukuvuna okuphezulu ngehektha ngalinye
Isivuno sezolimo esithandwa kakhulu, njengoba sivumelana kalula nesimo sezulu nezimo zezulu, sinokuvunwa okuphezulu nezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
Abalimi abatshala lesi sitshalo balwela ukuvuna isivuno esikhulu kunazo zonke.
Isivuno sincike ezintweni eziningi:
- Izinhlobonhlobo zokusanhlamvu, inhloso yokutshala (okusanhlamvu, isilage);
- ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, ukugcwala kwayo nge-oxygen (kuyadingeka ukulima ekujuleni kwama-25-30 cm);
- isimo sezulu;
- kungenzeka ukuchelela okungenani izikhathi ezimbili (ezinye izinhlobo - ukuchelela okungu-3-4).
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle ze-agrotechnical, izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu eRussia zinika isivuno esikhulu:
- izinhlobonhlobo zeLakomka - kuze kube ngamasenti angama-50 ehektheleni ngalinye;
- Ibanga lomoya - 70ts ihektha ngalinye.
Izithelo ezinhle zikhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezifuywayo ICorsair, iBemo182, ngokuhlanganyela 181, Dokuchaevsky. Ukufeza isivuno esikhulu, kuyadingeka ukufaka umhlabathi ngomanyolo ophilayo (amathani angama-40 omquba ngehektha ngalinye), ukufaka amaminerali phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhula. Ngaphambi kokutshala, qiniseka ukuthi ubhubhisa lonke ukhula, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke bavumele okusanhlamvu kuhlume. Abandulelayo kufanele babe amazambane, imidumba, iziphuphu, i-alfalfa, noma i-clover. E-cottage yasehlobo, engadini, ukukhululeka okuvamile kwenhlabathi, ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele kuzosebenza.
Ngokungangabazeki, ummbila yisitshalo esiyingqayizivele sokusanhlamvu, ngakho-ke ubulinywe izinkulungwane zeminyaka futhi usengomunye wabaholi abathathu okusanhlamvu emhlabeni wethu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwe-100-150g yembewu yelanga kuzokulethela injabulo nezinzuzo kuwo wonke umzimba.