Amajelly amazambane afakwa kwiRejista Yombuso Yezimpumelelo Zokuzala zeRussian Federation ngo-2005. Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukutshalwa kwezimboni, ukutshala emapulazini, ezindaweni zensimu. Izilimo ze-tuber zigcinwa amasizini ambalwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhluma.
Ulwazi oluvamile
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo zeJelly
Okunhlobonhlobo indawo yokudlela, maphakathi no-early. Kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu ukusuka ekutshaleni kuze kufike ekuvuneni. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi ngezilimo eziyizigaxa - 17% ngokuya ngezimpawu.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyi-12-15 zivunwa esihlahleni esisodwa. Kuvunwa kuze kufike ku-550 centre ngehektha ngalinye lokutshala.
Ukuthengiseka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kungama-95%, futhi ukugcina ikhwalithi kungama-86%. Ukunambitheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa akulamanzi.
Incazelo
Izihlahla zinde, zimi maphakathi noma ziyasakazeka. Kukhona amaqabunga amaningi, angaba maphakathi futhi makhulu. Ukuqina kwemiphetho yamaqabunga kumaphakathi. I-corolla yezimbali ezimhlophe njengeqhwa ivela phezulu ezihlahleni.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziseqanda futhi zinamehlo amaningi amancane. Zilingana ngosayizi ofanayo. I-rind iphuzi, ilukhuni noma ibushelelezi. Umtfumbu okuphuzi okumnyama... Isisindo samazambane ngokusho kwencazelo ngu-90-140 amagremu, cishe azikho izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane.
Izinzuzo:
- ukunambitheka okukhulu izilimo eziyizigaxa;
- izinhlobonhlobo ezithela kakhulu;
- Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinkulu, zinesisindo ngisho nevolumu;
- zigcinwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka;
- itshalwe kulinywe izimboni noma amateur;
- ibanga Ukumelana nesomiso;
- isivuno siyanda lapho sondla;
- kulula ukunakekelwa;
- imelana nezifo.
Ububi:
Amazambane aminyene, ekubunjweni kwawo okuqukethwe okunesitashi esiphansingakho-ke azifanele i-puree.
Iziphi izitsha ezisetshenziswayo
Uma upheka, amazambane awabilisi ngokuphelele futhi awashintshi umthunzi wawo, ngakho-ke awawenzi amazambane acubuziwe, kepha engeza kumasobho, othosi baseFrance nama-chips.
Ivelaphi nokuthi isakazeka kanjani
Izinhlobonhlobo zitholwe ngabazalisi baseDashi.
Kuyalulekwa ukuthi utshale futhi utshale amazambane enkabeni (kufaka phakathi: iBryansk, iVladimir, iIvanovsk, iKaluga, iKostroma, iMoscow, i-Oryol, iRyazan, iSmolensk, iTver, iTula, izifunda zaseYaroslavl) kanye IVolgo-Vyatsky (InamaRiphabhuliki aseMari El. I-Mordovia. I-Chuvash, iKirov, izifunda zaseNizhny Novgorod) izifunda, zingatshalwa kwezinye izifunda ezinesimo sezulu esipholile nesifudumele.
Izici ezikhulayo
Amajelly amazambane awakudingi ukunakekelwa. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyamelana nesomiso, kuyadingeka ukuthi uzinisele kuphela ngesikhathi sesomiso nokushisa. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile noma esipholile, izihlahla asikho isidingo sokunisela.
Iyiphi indawo engcono kakhulu
Khetha indawo enelanga. Lapho utshala, inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-asidi engu-5.0-5.5.
Ungayilungisa kanjani inhlabathi
Ekwindla emhlabathini umanyolo uhlakazekile: 3 kg yomquba ne-100 g yomlotha nge-1 m² ngayinye. Futhi-ke umhlaba umbiwe ujule ngefosholo. Akudingekile ukwethula i-nitrogen (urea), njengoba isikhathi sokukhula silula futhi isivuno sincipha.
Ukulungiselela amazambane okutshala
Izinsuku ezingama-21 ngaphambi kokugibela ihlumela izilimo eziyizigaxa... Zibeke ungqimba egumbini elikhanyayo nelifudumele elinomswakama omuhle. Okungcono, faka amazambane elangeni ukuze uwaguqule abe luhlaza. Ngenxa yalokho, amehlo akhula kuzambane.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokutshala izinhlobo
- Entwasahlobo benza izimbobo ekujuleni 10 cm, kugcina i-indent in 35 cm... Futhi phakathi kwemigqa kubekwe eceleni ibanga elingu-75 cm.
- Izilimo ze-tuber ziphonswa emigodini ngamehlo phezulu. Ngokutshala, ungathatha amazambane aphelele noma uwasike abe yizicucu.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo azingenwa umdlavuza, i-cyst nematode, utwayi, umlenze omnyama. Izihlahla aziguli ngamagciwane.
Kepha bangagula ukulimala kwesikhathi... Ukuvikela lesi sifo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uhlakule kahle umhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala. Uma kwenzeka ubhadane lokulimaza sekwephuzile, kuyadingeka ukufafaza izitshalo ngamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi. Ngokulimala sekwedlule isikhathi kuyalulekwa ukuthi ufafaze nge-Oxyhom, iCuproxat.
Izinsuku ezingama-20-30 ngaphambi kokumba amazambane, akukwaziswa ukuthi ufafaze izihlahla ngezidakamizwa ezinobuthi.
Amazambane angahlaselwa Colorado amazambane beetle, wireworm... Uma ufaka ama-granules angu-3-4 e-superphosphate emgodini ngamunye, bese uqala ukufafaza nge-Aktellik, Karate noma i-Decis, lokhu kuzokwethusa i-wireworm.
Okokuqala, i-superphosphate ithululelwa ungqimba omncane, ama-granules afuthwa ngesisombululo se-14 ml ye-Actellik noma i-Decisay, ama-80 ml wamanzi no-200 ml we-acetone.
Izimfihlo ezikhulayo
Okunhlobonhlobo ithanda izindawo ezikhanyayo ezivundile ngenhlabathi eningi.
Uma ingekho imvula ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamafihlekile nokwakhiwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, khona-ke kunconywa ukuthi unisele ukutshala. Izinga lokuchelela ngamalitha ama-5 ehlathini ngalinye. Ngemuva kokuchelela, inhlabathi iyaxegiswa.
Kuyalulekwa ukuthi ufake umanyolo kanye ngesizini. Izihlahla zenziwa ama-spud izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesizini ngayinye.
Usungavuna isivuno sokuqala ekupheleni kukaJuni... Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-90.
Ungavuna kanjani futhi ugcine izitshalo
Ukusuka ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni okugcwele kudlula izinsuku ezingama-60-90. Kepha amazambane aqala ukumba vele ngoJulayi.
Kuzoba ngcono uma izindawo zokugcina zinabalandeli, ukulawula izinga lokushisa nomswakama. Ngaphambi kokubeka izilimo eziyizigaxa ukuze zigcinwe, zidinga ukupholisa, kepha kancane kakhulu, ngesigamu sezinga ngosuku. Ukushisa kwegumbi lokugcina - + 1-3 degrees Celsius. Ngesikhathi sokugcina, ukunambitheka noma ukubukeka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa akuguquki.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-jelly ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kunika isivuno esikhuluc, engazweli ezifweni, iyanambitheka njengesigaxa.