Utamatisi ungenye yezitshalo zemifino ezinempilo kakhulu futhi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini, amaminerali, ifayibha, ama-amino acid, kungenye yokudla okuyishumi okuwusizo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kudliwe kukusha. Impumelelo yobungcweti yabafuyi ivumela ukukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi ezikhulayo ngisho nasezimweni ezibandayo zaseSiberia, enye yalezi utamatisi iyi-la-la-fa hybrid f 1, incazelo yezici zazo, ozofunda ngazo ku-athikili.
Incazelo nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo zeLa-la-fa
Utamatisi "La-la-fa" uyinhlanganisela, edliwa ngokukhethekile ngokukhula ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukukhula ezimweni zezulu ezinzima; ukushisa kwamagreenhouse kuvunyelwe ukuthola isivuno esikhulu. Ukuzithoba kanye nokwethulwa okuhle kukatamatisi, okungenzeka kulinywe ezimbonini, kwenze kwaba intandokazi kubalimi baseSiberia.
I- "La-la-fa" iyinhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nonyaka, kudlula izinsuku eziyi-110-120 ukusuka ekuveleni kwamahlumela okuqala kuye ekuvuthweni kwezithelo, kanti utamatisi wokuqala ovuthiwe ungabonakala ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-100.
Izihlahla zohlobo olunqunyiwe, zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ukuphakama, ngakho-ke, i-garter yokusekela noma yokuhamba iyadingeka. Imiphumela emihle kakhulu yesivuno ingatholakala lapho isitshalo sakhiwa ngeziqu ezi-2, amahlumela asemaceleni adinga ukucinaniswa. Isiqu esinama-internode afushane. Amabhulashi anama-ovari akhiwa ngemuva kwamaqabunga ayi-8-9, bese kuba nesikhathi samaqabunga ama-2; inani lama-ovari liyi-4-6.
Izithelo zikhulu impela, ziyindilinga, ziyisicaba kancane, zibomvu ngokugqamile, zingenayo indawo eluhlaza ezungeze isiqu. Isisindo sesithelo esisodwa sisuka ku-140 kuye ku-160g. Cishe wonke utamatisi anobukhulu nokuma okufanayo, abe nesethulo esihle kakhulu, kuthuthwe kahle futhi kugcinwe - uma kunezimo ezifanelekile, isivuno singagcinwa izinyanga ezi-2, kanti ukunambitheka nokubukeka kugcinwa ngokuphelele.
Ngendlela, ukunambitheka nephunga lale utamatisi kubizwa ngokuthi utamatisi, wemvelo, obahlukanisa kahle kwezinye izinhlobo zokushisa. I-pulp inamanzi futhi inomsoco ngokulingene, ama-void awekho nhlobo, okujwayelekile kuphela kule utamatisi. Izithelo zingasetshenziselwa noma iyiphi inhloso - ukusetshenziswa okusha, amasaladi, ukuwafaka emathinini, ukwenza amapasta, ama-ketchup, ujusi wetamatisi.
Isivuno sizothokozisa futhi simangaze abalimi - 3-4 kg esihlahleni ngasinye, cishe esingama-20 kg kusuka ku-1 sq. m ngesizini ngayinye (yebo, kuncike kuzo zonke izidingo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo).
Ubuqili bukatamatisi okhulayo
Njengoba lolu hlobo lwe-hybridi lwakhuliswa ngokukhethekile ukuze lukhule ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kunomehluko othile kubuchwepheshe balo bezolimo obuvela kwezinye izinhlobo.
Utamatisi utshalwa kuzithombo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-60 ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo enhlabathini.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Umhlabathi kufanele ulungiswe kusengaphambili. Ingxube ethengiwe evundisiwe, noma elungiselelwe ngesandla, iyafaneleka. Ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 1, umhlabathi nama-humus kuyathathwa, kunezelwa izingilazi eziyi-1-2 zesihlabathi, umlotha omncane futhi kuhlanganiswe kahle. Le nhlanganisela bese ifakwa ezitsheni zepulasitiki noma emabhokisini enkuni anezimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu, inhlabathi kufanele ifudunyezwe kuze kufike ezingeni lokushisa lama-18-20 degrees.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Imbewu yalokhu kuhlukahluka ayidingi ukucwilisa noma okunye ukulungiselela. Izinhlamvu ezomile zifakwe enhlabathini enomanzi ekujuleni kwe-1.5-2 cm, embozwe ifilimu ebonakalayo futhi ibekwe endaweni efudumele. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lezimbewu ezihlumayo zikatamatisi waseLyalafa (ngokusho kochwepheshe) lingama-28-29 degrees.
Amahlumela okuqala avela ngosuku lwesi-7-8. Amahlumela adinga ukuhlinzekwa ngemfudumalo nokukhanyisa, amahora emini kufanele abe cishe ngamahora ayi-14. Uma ukukhanyisa kwemvelo kunganele, udinga ukusebenzisa okwenziwayo.Lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala angama-2-3, izithombo zifakwa ezinkomishini ezihlukile noma kwezinye iziqukathi.
Ukufika emhlabathini
Izithombo zikatamatisi zitshalwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo emhlabathini zineminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Awukwazi ukuqina kusengaphambili, ngoba ibekezelela kahle imiphumela yemvelo yangaphandle. Izihlahla zikhula kakhulu, ngakho-ke azikho izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezingu-4 ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele. Isikhala somugqa esifanelekile singama-70 cm, futhi kulayini ophakathi kwezihlahla - 50 cm.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezithombo kuqukethe ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukukhulula inhlabathi, nokususa ukhula. Njengoba ikhula, kubalulekile ukwenza i-garter yezitshalo bese wakhe isihlahla usebenzisa i-pinning. Amabhulashi esitshalo aqinile, amelana kalula nesisindo sezithelo ezinkulu ezivuthiwe ezi-4-6 (lokhu kungu-1 kg), kepha ukubopha kuzosiza ukuvikela isiqu esintekenteke ekuphukeni ngengozi.
Okungenani izikhathi ezintathu udinga ukondla ngamanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi: ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12 ngemuva kokutshala enhlabathini, ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-ovari, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesitshalo. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa isivuno esikhulu sotamatisi.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene
Ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kuvame ukubuyekezwa okuhle ngotamatisi weLa-la-fa. Zibonisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezicwebezelayo ezindaweni ezibandayo. Izinzuzo zifaka:
- Izinga lesivuno esihle;
- ukunambitheka kwezithelo zemvelo;
- ungaqhekeki;
- gcina isethulo sabo isikhathi eside;
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi.
I-hybrid ayithathwa kalula yisifo se-blight sekwephuzile, izifo zefungal, fusarium, cladosporium, mosaic kagwayi nokubola kwe-apical.
Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo, ukungathobeki, isivuno esikhulu ezimweni ezinzima zezulu, i-hybrid yathandwa ngabalimi abaningi. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungathola isivuno esikahle endlini abamba ukushisa kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba.