Izithombo ezeluleke phezulu ziyindaba ejwayelekile lapho kukhula ukhukhamba. Amahlumela akhule kakhulu atholakala uma umbuso wokukhanya noma wokushisa wephuliwe. Ukuvikela ukuthi izitshalo zingafi, ezinye izincomo kufanele zilandelwe ngaphambi kokutshala.
Okufanele ukwenze ngezithombo ezikhule ngokweqile nokuthi kungani sezinde isikhathi eside udinga ukwazi ngisho nangaphambi kokutshala imbewu. Isizathu kungaba ukude kwembiza yezithombo kusuka ewindini, kanye nezinga lokushisa elingalungile ku-greenhouse.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo zekhukhamba ezikhule kakhulu
Izithombo ezikhule ngokwedlulele ziboniswa ekuhlakazeni kwamahlumela ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga wangempela... Ngenxa yezizathu eziningana, isiqu se-hypocotal sidonsela phezulu.
Kwenzeka ukuthi amahlumela akwazi ukwelula kakhulu, aze afike ku-10 cm ukuphakama. Izithombo zibuthakathaka, uma zitshalwe kabusha ngokungafanele, amahlumela ekhukhamba amancane angafa.
Ngokubheka izincomo zabalimi abanolwazi, isimo sinengqondo impela ukulungisa. Kuze kube umzuzu wokutshala emibhedeni, amahlumela amancane angakwazi gingqa ingilazi ngendlela yokuvunguza bese ufafaza inhlabathi emaqabungeni aqoshiwe. Isiqu sizothatha izimpande ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithombo zidinga ukuniselwa njalo futhi zizoyeka ukunweba.
Ukwamukelwa kuzonciphisa kancane ukukhula kwesitshalo. Kodwa-ke, ngalesi sikhathi kuzoqina futhi kuqine.
Ukulungiselela okufanele ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile
Uma ungayenzi le nketho engenhla yokujula ezinkomishini, kubalulekile ukutshala amahlumela akhule kakhulu embhedeni wensimu noma uwafakele emhlabathini ovulekile. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi, ngokungafani nemithetho, izithombo "zikhule kakhulu" kuthatha izimpande kahle futhi kunikeze isivuno esihle.
Ukufakelwa kwamakhukhamba endaweni ehlala unomphela kunemithetho elandelayo:
- Udinga ukususa izinkomishi ngokucophelela, ungashiya phansi kwephepha. Akunakwenzeka ukubeka inkomishi ngokuphelele emgodini, ngoba iphepha lizongena isikhathi eside.
- Ngamaqabunga owadingayo phatha ngokucophelela, izithombo ezibuthakathaka zingalimala kalula. Uma kwenziwe kahle, amahlumela agcinwe ngaphezulu ngokushesha azothatha izimpande ngenxa yenhlabathi entsha.
- Inhlabathi kufanele ilungiswe kusengaphambili, ithuthukiswe ngamanyolo nomlotha. Izinga lokushisa kufanele lifudumale futhi lizinzile futhi nenhlabathi ifudumele kahle. Ukuze amahlumela akwazi ukusinda ekucindezelekeni okuncane, inhlabathi inganiselwa ngaphambili ngamanzi afudumele.
- Tshala kangcono ekuseni noma kusihlwa... Amanzi ngamanzi afudumele kuphela. Amanzi abandayo avela empompini azothinta kabi ukukhula kwamakhukhamba.
Uma ubeka amanzi emabhakedeni ensimbi elangeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi, azofudumala ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kungenzeka yini ukujula
Indlela yokujula ibhekwa njengeyimpumelelo uma ubeka futhi utshale ihlumela eceleni noma ulisonte ngokuvunguza ngobubanzi bomgodi. Akufanele ukumba bese ubeka impande ngokujule kakhulu.
Yehla ekujuleni kwe-5-7 cm... Izimpande ezivela esiqwini uma ujula zizoqala ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ubukhulu bezihlahla buzoqala ukululama kancane kancane, bese kuvela amahlamvu aluhlaza.
Ukutshala ukhukhamba emigodini
Imithombo kufanele ilungiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, inhlabathi kufanele ibe njalo okuxekethile futhi okuvundile... Ngaphakathi ungabeka ikhambi lebhere, i-sawdust nomlotha. Thela umthombo ngamanzi afudumele, ubeke izihlahla zekhukhamba lapho usebenzisa indlela yokungcwaba. Fafaza inhlabathi ngendlela yokuthi uthole ukucindezeleka okufana nembobo.
Uma ungashiyi i-groove, kuzoba nzima ukunisela nokondla. Ukuvikela umswakama ungahambi masinyane, umgodi kufanele umbozwe ngotshani noma ngotshani ngaphezulu. Abanye abantu basebenzisa okokumboza okunemigodi ngale njongo. Kuyadingeka ukuyibeka ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo.
Ukunakekelwa kwangemva kokutshala izithombo ezinde
- Okokuqala, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayizange yomile... Umswakama uzokhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande ezintsha, isomiso asamukeleki.
- Amahlumela abuthakathaka abanzi angaboshwa noma abekwe enetheni ukuze angazanyazanyiswa ngumoya.
- Khulula futhi ungondli ngaphambi kwezinsuku eziyi-6-7... Ukukhulula izihlahla ngokucophelela - lokhu kuzogcwalisa inhlabathi nge-oxygen.
Kungani kudonswa izithombo
Ukwanda kwamakhukhamba kuvame ukubonwa kakhulu ngenxa yokushoda kolwazi phakathi kwabalimi be-novice.
Abasebenza engadini abathole ulwazi ngamaphutha abo babelana nabanye ngezimfihlo zabo. Baveza izizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- ukwephulwa kwesikhathi sokutshala ukhukhamba wezithombo;
- imodi yokukhanya engalungile;
- ukungathobeli umbuso wezinga lokushisa.
Uma ukhukhamba uhlwanyelwe kusenesikhathi, izihlahla zizophuma ngokulindela ukushisa okungaguquguquki. Ukhukhamba kuhlwanyelwa kuye ngezimo zezulu ngemuva kuka-Ephreli 20.
Ukungabi nokukhanya kuthinta kabi amahlumela kanye nesimo samaqabunga, bathola umbala ohlaza okotshani. Futhi izinga lokushisa eliphansi kubambezela ukukhula kwezitshalo, okuphezulu - kukhuthaza ukukhula okugcwele. Izimo zokushisa ezingafaneleki ziqhuba ihlumela.
Uma i-ovary ivele kukhukhamba okhule ngokweqile, kungcono ukususa izimbali ngemuva kokufaka kabusha. Ngakho-ke, kuzoba lula ngamahlathi ukuzivumelanisa nendawo entsha.
Okufanele ukwenze uma izithombo zikwazi ukwelula
Ngemuva kokufunda ubudlelwano besizathu nomphumela wokudonsa izithombo, ungavimbela le nqubo. Uma amahlumela ikhukhamba enwetshiwe, angagcinwa ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni enkulu.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuxazulula inkinga:
- Engeza ku ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa ukukhanya okungelona iqiniso.
- Uma izinkomishi zixinene kakhulu komunye nomunye, noma ukutshala kukhulu, zidinga ukuncishiswa.
- Isiza ukugwema ukukhipha amahlumela umanyolo wepotashi, umlotha nama-ejenti akhethekile athinta ukukhula kwesitshalo uma esetshenziswe kahle.
- Ungasebenzisa indlela yokufaka kabusha ezinkomishini ezinkulu. Ukuze ungalimazi impande, ungakha izinkomishi ezikhona ngemichilo yamakhadibhodi. Gcwalisa izikhala ngenhlabathi ezingeni lamaqabunga okuqala.
- Ukhukhamba okhule ngokweqile uhanjiswa ngokucophelela endaweni yomhlaba futhi utshalwe kabusha kusetshenziswa indlela yokungcwaba.
- Izihlahla ezonakalisiwe ezinesiqu esiphukile azikwazi ukugcinwa, ezinye izitshalo zinethuba lokufakelwa ngempumelelo.
Njengokugqoka okuphezulu awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-saltpeter, njengoba icasula ukukhula kwengxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo.
Izithombo zamakhukhamba ezikhule kakhulu azisona isizathu sokwenqaba ukuzitshala emibhedeni. Ukulungisa lesi simo kuzovumela ukunakekelwa okufanele. Ngokulandelayo, ukuze uvikele ukudonsa ubheke phezulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake izitshalo kuzo zonke izimbotshana zokutshala.