Ezweni lesimanje, kunakwa kakhulu ukutshalwa kwemikhiqizo nemifino enobungani bemvelo. Kwethulwa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nobuthuthukisiwe bezimboni zezolimo, okuvumela ukuthi kutholwe isivuno esicebile sotamatisi ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ze-polycarbonate ngezindleko eziphansi. Obunye balobu buchwepheshe ukubopha - ukumboza ingqimba yolwelwesi oluvundile ngezinto zemvelaphi yemvelo noma yokufakelwa. Ake sibheke ukuthi ngabe udinga ukondla utamatisi endaweni abamba ukushisa nokuthi ungayenza kanjani.
Inhloso yokuhlanganisa utamatisi endaweni ebamba ukushisa kanye nasensimini evulekile
Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokuhlanganisa utamatisi otshalwe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nangaphandle yilezi:
- Ukuvikelwa kwenhlabathi yokushisa okushisayo kusuka ekuhlanganeni ngokweqile nokwakhiwa koqweqwe olungenakunqotshwa;
- Ukunikeza umswakama wemvelo nokushisa kwenhlabathi isikhathi eside;
- Ukunciphisa imvamisa yokuchelela kanye nenani lamanzi ahlanzekile asetshenzisiwe;
- Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa nokudluliswa kwamagciwane nezinambuzane ezisuka enhlabathini ziye ezitshalweni;
- Ukuvikelwa ekumeni ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi yokushisa ngenxa yesenzo semisebe yelanga enamandla;
- Ukwenza ngcono ukuzala kwenhlabathi nokwandisa isivuno esiphelele sotamatisi.
Izici zokuhlanganisa utamatisi
Endaweni evaliwe yokushisa nokushisa okuphezulu, inqubo esheshayo yokuhwamuka komswakama kwenzeka. Umswakama ophakeme ubambezela ukukhula nentuthuko kukatamatisi, kudala izimo ezikahle zokuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukwethulwa kwe-mulch kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni zokutshala imifino.
Izinto ezidingekayo
Okuvame kakhulu yilezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- organic (yemvelo): sawdust, hay noma utshani, utshani obusanda kusikwa, umquba;
- okungajwayelekile (okufakelwayo): iphepha kanye namakhadibhodi, ifilimu, ukufulela ukuzwa, ukufulela ukuzwa nezinye izinhlobo zezinto zokumboza umqulu.
Ifilimu
Ifilimu elizinzile, elikhanyayo lingasetshenziswa njengezinto zefilimu. Ngaphambi kokulala embhedeni, ifilimu iqondiswa ubude bayo bonke futhi ilungiswe. Ngokutshala imbewu noma izithombo, izimbobo ezikhethekile zenziwe kuqala kwifilimu.
Sika utshani
Utshani obusikiwe isikhathi eside bugcina umswakama wemvelo ku-greenhouse, okwenza ukuthi kunciphise inani lokuchelela kaningi. Ukuze uvikele izinambuzane eziyingozi, utshani obusanda kusikwa buqunywa kahle buyekwe bume elangeni izinsuku eziningana.
Hay (utshani)
Ukuhlanganiswa ngotshani obomile noma utshani kusiza ukuvimbela ukhula ekuhlumeni futhi kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuthembekile kwezitshalo ezinambuzane. Lapho utshala izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zotamatisi, ifula lidlala indima yokulala yezithelo zilele phezu kwalo. Izithelo zihlala zomile, zihlanzekile, ngakho-ke azikho ngaphansi kokubola noma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane e-pathogenic.
Iphepha (amakhadibhodi)
Ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa umbhede wamaphephandaba, iphepha noma amakhadibhodi, inhlabathi ezungeze utamatisi iyaxegiswa futhi yengezwe umquba. Ngemuva kwalokho iphepha liyachotshozwa kusetshenziswe ungqimba embhedeni wensimu, oswakanyiswe ngaphambi kwamanzi noma isisombululo sikamanyolo (uketshezi).
Lapho ifakwa ngaphandle kokugaya, kwenziwa izimbobo eziningi ephepheni ukuze kudluliswe umoya nomswakama ongaphazamiseki.
Okubi kakhulu kwephepha ukungabi bikho kwezinto eziwusizo, ngakho-ke, ungqimba lwezinto eziphilayo ezivundile lungezwa ngaphezulu kocingo olubekiwe.
I-sawdust
Ukuhlanganiswa nge-sawdust kubhekwa njengendlela ejwayelekile kakhulu.
Ubukhulu besendlalelo esibekiwe sithathwa silingane no-10-15 cm.Ungqimba oluncane lungadala ukuhluma kokhula ngokushesha. I-sawdust igcina kahle umswakama wenhlabathi, ngakho-ke inhlabathi ihlala isesimweni semvelo, esimanzi. I-sawdust yenza kube lula ukukhipha nokususa ukhula. I-sawdust imunca ngokuphelele futhi ivumela amanzi amaningi ukuthi adlule.
Ububi obukhulu be-sawdust ukuthi bususa iningi lezinto ezilusizo zokulandelela (ikakhulukazi i-nitrogen) ezitshalweni bese zifaka isandla ekwakheni i-oxidation yenhlabathi.
Ungqimba olubekiwe lwesembozo sezinkuni lufakwa ngesisombululo se-urea ukuhlinzeka inhlabathi eyengeziwe nge-nitrogen. Ukuvimbela uketshezi kwenhlabathi, umcako we-slaked noma ushoki wengezwa othulini.
Umquba
Isivundisi somquba sivikeleka kakhulu futhi sondle kahle utamatisi ku-greenhouse.
Isakhiwo sikadoti kufanele sibole ngokuphelele, sifanane, siqhekeke, singabi nephunga, singenawo umhlabathi we-sawdust nanoma yikuphi ukungcola. Umquba wamahhashi umquba omuhle kakhulu katamatisi.
Njengokukhulelwa okwengeziwe kwenhlabathi, umphumela omuhle kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo ngendlela yesisombululo somquba omanzi.
Ubukhulu besendlalelo buthathwa bube ngamasentimitha angama-20 Kulokhu, ukutshalwa kwembewu nezithombo zikatamatisi obamba ukushisa akwenziwanga enhlabathini, kepha ngqo emqubeni, kuya ekujuleni kwe-1-3 cm.
Izinto zokwakha azilungelanga umbhede
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa amagxolo namaqabunga ezihlahla ze-coniferous njenge-mulch yamatamatisi akhule endaweni yokushisa.equkethe izinto ezithile eziguquguqukayo kanye namafutha abalulekile angaphazamisa umsebenzi obalulekile wezinambuzane ezincane ezizuzisayo. Okufanele kakhulu futhi okusebenzayo kuzoba ukushiswa kwalezi zingxenye ngokusetshenziswa komlotha okulandelayo.
Ukuphahla okuzwayo (ukufulela okuzwayo) okuqukethe izinto ezinobuthi nakho kubhekwa njengokungafaneleki. I-peat emsulwa, ekhuthaza i-oxidation yenhlabathi, ayinconyelwe ukusetshenziswa.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha okunekhono kwendlela kanye nezinto zokubhukuda kuholela ekwehliseni okukhulu ezindlekweni zokutshala utamatisi endaweni yokugcina izithombo. Izinzuzo eziningi zokusebenzisa le nqubo zikuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno esicebile nesisezingeni eliphakeme lale mifino enhle nenempilo.