Ama-cherry angumkhiqizo obalulekile futhi onempilo wokudla. Namuhla, abaningi abathanda ingadi bathanda ukungathobeki futhi ngasikhathi sinye izinhlobo ezithela kakhulu zama-cherry. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherry Molodezhnaya zihlanganisa ngokuphelele lezi zimfanelo, echazwe kulesi sihloko.
Izici eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo zeMolodezhnaya
Izinhlobonhlobo zama-Molodezhnaya cherry zazalwa ngumfuyi u-Kh.D. Enikeev kanye no-S.N. USaratova. Bawela izinhlobo ezimbili zama-cherry ndawonye: Lyubskaya futhi Vladimirskaya. Ngo-1993, izinhlobonhlobo zokuwela kwe-cherry ezavela zafakwa kwirejista yombuso.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry zikhula esifundeni esiphakathi nase-Urals. ICherry Youth ingakhula ngesimo sesihlahla noma isihlahla. Isihlahla noma isihlahla sikhula size sifike kumamitha ayi-2,5 ukuphakama... Amahlamvu esihlahla noma ehlathini akha isimo esiyindilinga, ancipha kancane. Amaqabunga osayizi obumaphakathi, umbala ogqamile oluhlaza.
Ama-inflorescence esitshalo aqukethe izimbali ezinhlanu noma eziyisikhombisa, ububanzi bawo obungu-1.8-3 cm.Izimbali zimhlophe, ama-stamens kanye ne-pistil ziyalingana ukuphakama, okuvumela isitshalo ukuthi sizenzele impova.
Intsha ibhekisa ezinhlotsheni ezizikhulelayo... Lokhu kuhluka kuzokujabulisa ngezithelo zako kungekudala. Kakade ngonyaka wesine, isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo. Futhi eminyakeni emine kamuva, kuqala ukuthela ngamandla, okuhlala kuze kube yilapho isitshalo sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-15-20.
Izimbali ziqala maphakathi noMeyi, futhi maphakathi noJulayi ungavuna amajikijolo... Ngesikhathi sokuthela, isihlahla esisodwa noma isihlahla singakhiqiza kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-12 kg wamajikijolo.
Izinhlobo zeMolodezhnaya zinobunzima obujwayelekile basebusika. Izimbali zikhula kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zesihlahla se-cherry zinezinga eliphakathi nokumelana nezifo ezifana ne-coccomycosis kanye ne-moniliosis., kanye nakwizilwanyana ezincane ezahlukahlukene.
Isimo sezulu esiswakeme nesifudumele sivusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo esitshalweni.
Incazelo yamajikijolo e-cherry
Izithelo zakheka emagatsheni onyaka odlule noma isixha.
Amajikijolo anokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu, okuminyene, nenyama ebomvu ebomvu enamanzi... Isisindo sabo sifinyelela kumagremu amahlanu. Ithambo eliphakathi nendawo lihlukaniswa kalula noginindela. Amajikijolo ayindilinga. Izithelo eziminyene ziyamelana nokuhamba kanye nomonakalo womshini.
Ama-cherry alezi zinhlobonhlobo acebile ngamavithamini nama-organic acid, kanye ne-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kubuswa ubumnandi, ngakho-ke kwabo evame ukusetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni izitsha ezi-dessert ezahlukahlukene... Amajikijolo alungele ukusetshenziswa okusha.
Izimfanelo ezinhle nezimbi
Intsha inezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi izici ezilandelayo:
- ukubekezelelana okuhle ngezimbali; ukushisa komoya okuphansi;
- isitshalo ukumelana nezifo zefungal;
- amajikijolo kulula ukuwathutha, njengoba eminyene impela;
- ukuzithwala kwama-cherries kuvumela impova ezitshalweni ezingomakhelwane ezingazilimazi;
- isitshalo simelana nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa lomoya nezikhathi ezomile ehlobo;
- amajikijolo aqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini, ukulandelela izakhi, ama-pectin.
Kodwa-ke, kanye nezinzuzo, lolu hlobo lunezici ezithile okufanele zinakwe lapho kuhlwanyelwa:
- njalo ngonyaka isitshalo kufanele siphathwe ngama-fungicides ukuvikela izifo ezahlukahlukene;
- kubalulekile ukukhetha ngokucophelela indawo yokufika, ekahle ithafa elinemimoya elula;
- njalo ngonyaka kuyadingeka ukwenza umquba nge-phosphorus, i-nitrogen ne-potassium;
- ukuze kungabi khona okweqile, isitshalo kufanele sinqunywe njalo.
Lezi zici zokunakekelwa aziphazamisi nhlobo inani lentsha.
Ukutshalwa kwama-cherry ahlukahlukene kanye nemithetho yokuwakhathalela
Ukuze isitshalo sijabulise ngokuvunwa okunothile, udinga ukumnakekela kahleb. Ukukhethwa kwendawo nesikhathi sokufika kudlala indima ebalulekile kulokhu.
Ukutshala kuphi futhi ngasiphi isikhathi?
Kungcono ukukhetha indawo yeMolodezhnaya cherry egqumeni eliphansi, elingashaywa yimimoya futhi ngasikhathi sinye lithola ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele.
Umhlabathi omuhle kakhulu wokukhula osemncane yi-sandy loam ene-asidi engathathi hlangothi.
Kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla (ekupheleni kukaSepthemba). Ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo sizivumelanisa namakhaza asebusika kanye nama-overwinters ngokuthula. Izinsuku zokutshala kamuva zandisa ubungozi bokuthi isitshalo singamukelwa.
Izigaba zokutshala isithombo:
- Bamba umgodi cishe u-80 cm ububanzi no-40 kuye ku-50 cm ngokujula. Beka okokugqoka okuphezulu ezansi komgodi, okubandakanya: umquba, i-nitrogen ne-phosphate. Isitshalo esinezimpande ezilimele akufanele sitshalwe - kungcono ukusisika kancane. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuzosiza ukuthi isithombo sihlale kahle futhi sisheshe.
- Ngokucophelela beka izimpande zezitshalo emgodini ufafaze nomhlaba.
- Embuthanweni ozungeze isithombo osidingayo yakha umgodi... Ukuyifaka nge-humus, sawdust, izitini ezincane noma ubumba olunwetshiwe. Ngakho-ke lapho unisela, amanzi azogcinwa kangcono futhi ondle uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ekuqaleni inhlabathi eseduzane nesithombo ingomi futhi ivulekile.
- Ngaphambi kokuthola izithelo zokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa kukalamula izitshalo.
Lapho ngitshala isithombo esineminyaka emibili ubudala, ngidinga ukusisika... Okokuqala, onke amahlumela anwebeka engela lama-degree angama-90 ukusuka emagatsheni ayanqunywa. Okulandelayo, "uhlaka lwamathambo" lwesitshalo luchaziwe - amagatsha amathathu amakhulu. Wonke amagatsha asikwa azungeze amagatsha amakhulu, ngaphandle kwalawo ahamba ngama-engeli angakwesokudla kusuka "esiqwini".
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kweCherry
Yize i-cherry isitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Ukuze uthole isivuno esinothile, kufanele ulandele imithetho ethile ekuyinakekeleni.
- Kudingeka ukwelashwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile we-fungicidal minyaka yonke... Lokhu ukuvikela isitshalo ezifweni ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta. Kuyadingeka ukusondela kule nkinga ngokucophelela ikakhulukazi uma isihlahla esivele sinegciwane sikhula eduze kwe-cherry.
- Kuyadingeka ukufaka njalo ukugqoka okuphezulu enhlabathini... Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, udinga ukuvundisa intsha ngomanyolo we-nitrogen, nasekwindla - ngomanyolo we-potash kanye ne-phosphorus. Ukondla ngomquba noma umquba kunomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ama-cherry.
- Ukwenza ngcono isivuno, ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe minyaka yonke... Kunqunywa amagatsha amade athe xaxa futhi amagatsha amancane aqinile futhi anezimbali akhula endaweni yawo. Amajikijolo ngokushesha avela kula magatsha. Kungcono ukugcina ukuphakama kwesitshalo kubanga kusuka kumamitha amabili kuya kwangu-2,5. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ubuningi nekhwalithi yesithelo.
- Izinyathelo zokuthena amagatsha neziqongo zama-cherry nikeza ukugeleza okwengeziwe kwelanga futhi uvimbele ukuqina komqhele.
- Lesi sitshalo sithanda amanzi futhi sidinga ukuchelelwa njalo... Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasehlobo esomile.
Lapho uchelela, kubalulekile ukuthi ungamanzisi umhlabathi, ngoba umswakama ophakeme uthinta kabi Intsha.
- Lapho ulungiselela isitshalo sasebusika, ukunakwa okukhulu kufanele kukhokhwe ohlelweni lwempande. Ukuvikelwa kumagundane nokubanda izimpande zesihlahla zimbozwe nge-peat noma i-moss.
Uma zonke izincomo zilandelwa, isitshalo sizojabula isikhathi eside ngesivuno esikhulu futhi esihlwabusayo.
Ungawaqoqa kanjani futhi uwagcine kahle ama-cherry
Ukuvuna kufanele kuqale kusukela ngamashumi amabili kaJulayi. Isikhathi sokuthela siphela ngo-Agasti.
Ukuze ijikijolo ligcinwe lisentsha isikhathi eside, kufanele lihlungwe ngokucophelela. Amajikijolo aminyene kuphela asele ukugcinwa, ngaphandle kokulimala kwangaphandle, umbala wesiqu uluhlaza... Vala isitsha esilungisiwe (ugqoko, ibhokisi) ngephepha. Beka amajikijolo phansi. Kulokhu, ungqimba lwamajikijolo akumele lweqe amasentimitha ayishumi. Susa isitsha ngamajikijolo bese ugcina esiqandisini. Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phakathi kuka-0˚C kanye no-2˚C. Kuleli fomu, izithelo zigcinwa amasonto amabili.
Uma amajikijolo efriziwe ngaso leso sikhathi, impilo yeshalofu izokwanda isuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuye kweziyisithupha.
Ungenza futhi ama-compotes ahlukahlukene, ulondoloze, ujamu noma ujamu we-cherry futhi ukujabulele unyaka wonke.
Izici ezitholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Molodezhnaya cherry
- Noma utshala isitshalo esisodwa salolu hlobo esizeni, isivuno sizotholakala kumaphesenti ayikhulu amacala... Lokhu kungenxa yekhono lokuzitholela impova kanye nesakhiwo esiphumelelayo sezimbali - i-pistil ne-stamens zilingana ngokulingana.
- Lapho utshala isithombo ngezimpande zaso, isivuno siyobe sesivele sineminyaka engu-3-4... Futhi ngokuxhunyelelwa kahle kwesihlahla, amajikijolo angakha ngisho nangaphambi kwalesi sikhathi.
- Kuhle kakhulu ukumelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene zesikhunta.
- Isici esibi i-overgrowth esheshayo... Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi kususwe amagatsha angenasidingo ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze ilanga lingafihli.
Ukuvezwa kwama-cherries amancane ezifweni nasezinambuzane
Intsha, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-cherry, iyamelana nezifo zefungal.
Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu kulokhu kuhlukahluka yi-moniliosis.... Ngalesi sifo, amagatsha ayoma kancane kancane. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo singathinteka ngokuphelele yilesi sifo, noma izingxenye zaso ngazinye.
Lapho kusungulwa lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukusika wonke amagatsha anezifo ngokufaka u-15-20 cm ezingxenyeni ezinempilo zegatsha. Amagatsha asikiwe kufanele alahlwe ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesifo.
Intsha yeCherry ijwayele ukusha ngokweqile, ebonakala ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Ukuphulukisa, kubalulekile ukufafaza amaqabunga esitshalo ngesisombululo esikhethekile. Lesi sifo sisakazeka ngokushesha, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela izihlahla eziseduze.
Lapho kuvela amaqabunga aphuzi esitshalweni kufanele kunakwe kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma umbala ushintsha masinyane futhi amaqabunga aba nsomi. Lokhu kungakhombisa isifo noma ukuntuleka komanyolo we-nitrogen enhlabathini.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi be-amateur mayelana Nentsha
UVladimir: Amajikijolo eNtsha avuthiwe engadini yami. Ngayithanda kakhulu! Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kungijabulisile, kumnandi kakhulu kunomuncu. Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyayo ukuphakama kwesihlahla, ngama-50 cm kuphela ukusuka emhlabathini.
UNikolay: Kukhuliswe Intsha ngaseShokoladnitsa. Angikaze ngibone amajikijolo amaningi kangaka ngesizini. Izihlahla zifafazwa ngokoqobo ngamacherry!
UMichael: Ngezinhlobonhlobo iMolodezhnaya yaziwa kahle. Inani elikhulu lezakhiwo ezinhle. Lesi sitshalo sithela, siyazala, siyabekezelela ubusika kahle. Amajikijolo alenga ezihlahleni isikhathi eside futhi awashisi.
Izinhlobo zamaCherry iMolodezhnaya yizona ezithandwa inani elikhulu lezakhamizi zasehlobo. Lesi sitshalo sinesivuno esikhulu ngenxa yokuzala.... Kuhlakulwa ngisho nasezingeni lezimboni.
Amajikijolo makhulu, anempuphu eminyene namanzi, agcinwa futhi athuthwe ngokuphelele.
Akunama-nuances ayinkimbinkimbi ekutshalweni kwalokhu kuhlukahluka. Kwanele nje ukwehlela ebhizinisini ngokuzibophezela nothando, futhi isivuno esinothile sizonikezwa maduzane.