Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi, okwenza kube nzima ukukhetha izinketho zokutshala endaweni yakho. Njengesingeniso komunye wabaphikisi abafanelekile, osebenzisa indawo yonke, izinhlobo zeJulian zinikezwa.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi kaJulian
Ake sikhulume ngale ncazelo. Isitshalo sokuvuthwa sokuqala esinenkathi ekhulayo yezinsuku ezingama-95-105 ungumnqobi womncintiswano we "Golden Bunch" ngo-2011, phambi kwabanye abazongenela ukhetho ngamagama amabili ngasikhathi sinye: "Ifomu elihle kakhulu lokuzikhethela kwangasese" kanye "Nesampula elihle kakhulu lamagilebhisi etafuleni." Umaki ophakeme wamukelwe ngokufanele, okuqinisekiswa ngabalimi abanesipiliyoni esinqwabelene ekukhuleni lesi sitshalo.
Amagilebhisi atholwe ngumfuyi kazwelonke uKapelyushin Vasily Ulyanovich, osebenzise izinhlobo zeRizamat neKesha ukuwela.
UJulian uhlanganisa izimfanelo zakhe izimfanelo ezinhle zabazali bakhe, ezihambisana nokuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni. Umsebenzi wokuzalisa ophumelelayo usuyisipho sangempela kubathengi, i-cocktail yezici ezinenzuzo yenza ukuhlukahluka kube kuhle ekutshaleni kwasekhaya. Isivuno esimaphakathi singama-30-60 kg ehlathini ngalinye.
Ungajabulela amajikijolo avuthiwe ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, amagilebhisi aseqoqe inani elanele likashukela (kufika ku-28%) futhi anombala obomvana. Izihlahla zikhula ngokuqinile, okudinga i-garter ephoqelekile. Isistimu yezimpande inamagatsha amakhulu, ama-petioles akhethiwe ahlukaniswa ngesilinganiso esihle sokusinda. Okuhlukile kwe-hybrid kubhekwa njengamathuba okuvuna kabusha kusuka ezinganeni zokutholwa, kepha kuphela uma isivuno sitshalwa ezindaweni ezifudumele zezwe. Ukunakwa nakho kudonswa ekumelaneni nesithwathwa kwalesi sitshalo, amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-23 ° abekezelelwa ngokujwayelekile.
Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle futhi sithela izithelo ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeRussia, kepha abanye abalimi bayakwazi ukutshala amajikijolo amnandi esifundeni saseMoscow, kanye nasezindaweni ezimaphakathi. Ubusika kuleli cala buhlinzekela ukuba khona kwendawo yokukhosela.... Ngaphandle kwayo, izimpande zizobanda.
Izici zamajikijolo
Emagatsheni amakhulu ehlathini, kwakhiwa amaqoqo akhululekile anamajikijolo amakhulu. Isisindo sesinye isandla sifinyelela ku-700-1000 amagremu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isibalo sikhuphukela ku-2 kg. Ngokuqhuma okukodwa, amabhande angama-20-40 anamajikijolo amise okomunwe aboshiwe, angaba ngu-4 cm ubude, anesisindo esilinganiselwe ngama-gramu angama-20. Umbala uhlukile: umbala opinki wokuqina okuhlukahlukene uvela ngemuva oluhlaza njengoba uvuthwa. Isikhumba sinokumaphakathi okulingene, kepha mncane kunalokho, sicishe singabonakali emlonyeni.
Ubuningi besikhumba bufaka isandla ekugcinweni kwesivuno isikhathi eside nasekuthuthweni okuhle.
Izimfanelo zokunambitha ziyahlukahluka ngemibala ehlukene, ebolekwe ezinhlotsheni zabazali. Inothi le-nutmeg, ubumnandi kanye nomthunzi we-sitrobheli uzwakala kahle.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Uma ucabangela zonke izici zezinhlobonhlobo zikaJulian, izinzuzo ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa:
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwamagilebhisi;
- amasosha omzimba aqinile, abonakaliswa ukumelana nezifo eziningi;
- izimfanelo eziphakeme zokuhweba;
- saturation ukunambitheka ngamanothi ahlukene, izinga likashukela;
- tshala ukumelana nesithwathwa;
- isivuno esihle.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela iqiniso lokuthi i-hybrid ayiziphathi kahle endaweni nezinye izinhlobo. Umlingani akanawo umthelela omubi ekunambitheni nasekuthela izithelo. Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo buyaqondakala futhi abuqukethe ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke ngisho nensimu engenalwazi angakhula amajikijolo amnandi esizeni sakhe.
UJulian akanazithiyo ezinkulu, ngaphandle kokuthi kunesidingo sokukhetha indawo yokufika. Kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle ngaphandle komoya ohlabayo. Lezi zici zithinta kabi ukuthuthukiswa kwezihlahla.
Ukufika
Izisiki noma izithombo zisetshenziswa njengezinto zokutshala. Kungcono ukutshala ama-cuttings entwasahlobo, ukuze ngaphambi kobusika kube nesikhathi esanele sokuqinisa uhlelo lwempande. Izithombo sezivele zinezimpande, ngakho-ke azikho imikhawulo yesikhathi eqinile.
Ezimileni ezivamile zamagilebhisi, kudingeka ukukhanya okuningi, ngakho-ke indawo yokutshala kufanele ikhethwe kude nezakhiwo nensimu. Kungcono uma indawo ekhethiwe ingekho ngaphansi kwezinhlaka eziqinile. Kunconywa ukufaka izikrini ze-foil njengokuvikela emimoyeni.
Umhlaba kufanele umbiwe (ngezigaba ezimbili) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala. Uma itafula lamanzi liphezulu, kufanele kuhlinzekwe amanzi. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lungaboli. Isiko likhula kahle endaweni engathathi hlangothi noma ene-asidi encane, ngakho-ke, uma inhlabathi ine-esidi, umcako kufanele wethulwe kuwo (ingilazi nge-1 m2). Ufulawa weDolomite nawo ubhekana kahle nomsebenzi. Ukwenza umhlabathi uvunde, kunconywa ukuthi uwunothise ngomquba obolile, umquba noma umanyolo wamaminerali. Kunconywa ukunciphisa umhlabathi wobumba nesihlabathi ukuze kukhuphuke ukutholakala komswakama nomoya.
IChubuki yamagilebhisi kaJulian itshalwe ekwindla noma entwasahlobo (ngo-Okthoba-Mashi). Uma isimo sezulu sesifunda sibonakala ngamazinga okushisa aphansi nobusika obude, khona-ke kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukutshala kuze kufike intwasahlobo, ukuze ukusika okuncane kube nesikhathi sokusika ehlobo, futhi ekwindla bangaqina ngokuhleleka. Uphawu oluyinhloko olunquma isikhathi sokutshala izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi elingaphezu kuka-10 ° C.
Lapho uhlela isivini, isikhathi esiphakathi kwezihlahla siyabhekelwa, okungafanele sibe ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-80. Umgodi wesithombo umbiwe ujule: ukujula kungaphezu kwama-70 cm, ubukhulu bungu-65-75 cm. Leyo mingcele akufanele isabise, ngoba ingxenye yevolumu izothathwa yi-substrate (inhlabathi evundile, peat, umquba). Isikhala esisele sizodingeka ngohlelo lwempande, oluzoqala ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Abalimi abanesipiliyoni baqaphele ukuthi lapho ukusika kungcwatshwa emgodini ongajulile, lesi sitshalo sikhula futhi sithele izithelo kabi.
Ngemuva kokutshala, izisekelo zifakwa ngokushesha, lapho amahlumela aboshwa khona.
Ukunakekelwa kwemivini emincane futhi evuthiwe
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo, izithombo zamagilebhisi zidinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa. Okokuqala, kufanele unakekele ukuchelela. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukunisela amahlumela amancane njalo, kunconywa ukuhlomisa uhlelo lokudonsa noma ngaphansi komhlaba ngokubeka amapayipi. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, inhlabathi iswakanyiswa kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7-15. Imisebenzi yokunisela iyeka ngesikhathi sokuthela amajikijolo. Umswakama owedlulele ungadala ukuthi isithelo siqhekeze.
Inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi, kepha ngaphandle kwamanzi amile. Umswakama ophezulu uvusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zefungal.
Ukunisela kokugcina kwenziwa ngesonto ngaphambi kokuthi amagilebhisi avikelwe ebusika.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezimpande kusuka ezintweni eziphilayo kuthulwa kanye ngonyaka. Umquba, umquba obolile, usetshenziswa njengomanyolo. Ukunisela (ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza), ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo somlotha kuvunyelwe. Ungaphakela futhi isihlahla ngomlotha ekwindla ngemuva kokuvuna.
Ukuze ugweme ukulayisha ngokweqile izihlahla, basika ama-inflorescence amaningi kanye nezixhumi. Cishe ama-brushes angama-40-45 asele esitshalweni esisodwa. Imivini ithenwa ngamehlo ayi-8-10.
Ukuvikela inhlabathi ukuthi yomile, iyasuswa uma utshala izithombo. Uma usebenzisa izinto eziphilayo, isidingo sokudla siyasuswa. I-hay evuthiwe ngokweqile noma i-sawdust yondla inhlabathi ngezinto zokuzuzisa ezilusizo.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha
Amagilebhisi asakazeka ngezindlela eziningana: ukusika, izithombo, usebenzisa ukusika. Inketho yembewu ayifanele; lapho ukhula ihlumela lembewu, ukunambitheka nezinye izimfanelo zokuhlukahluka kulahlekile.
Ukusika kuhilela ukungcwaba ihlumela ungqimba lomhlaba ukuze kuthathwe izimpande, kepha le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ukhule inani elincane lamahlumela. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokukhiqiza lubhekwa njengokusetshenziswa kwezithombo, ezitholakala ngenxa yokusikwa kwezimpande. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukutshala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zikaJulian.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Julian zenani lomzimba walo oqinile, obonakala ekumelaneni kwesitshalo ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi isiko alisongelwa. Ingozi enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo imelwe yizifo ezilandelayo:
- ukubola okumpunga;
- i-oidium;
- i-anthracnose;
- isikhutha (downy isikhutha).
Musa ukulinda ukuthi izifo zivele emaqabungeni noma esiqwini sesitshalo. Kungcono ukwenza ngezinyathelo zokuvimbela:
- sebenzisa isisombululo se-colloidal sulfur kusuka ku-oidium;
- kusuka ezifweni zefungal - iBordeaux liquid.
Ukuhlolwa okuhlelekile kwezihlahla kuzosiza ekulawuleni ukuchelela nokwelashwa kokuvikela. Uma isiko lisahlaselwa yinoma yisiphi isifo, udinga ukuthola inkinga ngokufafaza ngelinye lamalungiselelo afanele: I-Kuprikol, i-Abiga-peak, iTopazi, iHom, njll. Kwama-ejenti anamandla amakhulu (ngokwakhiwa nomphumela) asetshenzisiwe: I-Fundazol, i-Euparen, i-Sumileks.
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko zamagilebhisi yizinyoni. Ukuvikela isivuno kubo, kwanele ukwelula inetha le-polymer ngamaseli amancane phezu kokuqhuma.
Ngokuvamile, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo bamagilebhisi kaJulian abunzima. Ukunakekelwa okungathobekile nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kwenza leli berry lathandwa ngesikhathi esifushane. Isikhathi sokuthola isitshalo esivundile ngempela esinezithelo ezimnandi kusayithi lakho.