Akekho noyedwa umuntu ongathandi isidlo esinjengesaladi lekhukhamba. Kuyinto emnandi kakhulu uma ukutshalwa kwama-zelents kwenziwa igxathu negxathu efasiteleni noma kuvulandi ngezandla zakho. Kunesigaba sabalimi esingagcini nje ekutshalweni kwezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo ezindlini zasemakhaya zasehlobo, kuvulandi ikhukhamba - ukuziqhenya kwanoma yimuphi uchwepheshe.
Kungenzeka yini ukuphupha ngamakhukhamba akhulayo efasiteleni noma kuvulandi
Kungabonakala kungenakwenzeka ngabalimi abaningi be-novice ukutshala ukhukhamba efasiteleni, kepha lokhu kuyiqiniso impela. Vele kuzofanele usebenze kanzima ukuthola isivuno, kepha kulabo abathanda ukukhombisa ithalente labo kubuchwepheshe bezolimo, le nqubo iyinjabulo yangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi ungaba umdlalo wokuzilibazisa womndeni.
Ayikho imingcele ngesikhathi sokuhla. Kodwa ukutshala kuyinto eyodwa, futhi ukunakekela - ukulandela uhlelo lwezinyathelo ngezinyathelo, ikakhulukazi ebusika - kungenye into. Izimo zempumelelo ukufakwa kwesibani esinokukhanya kwelanga eduze kombhede we-impromptu kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari, ukunisela okufanele, ukunakekela izimbali, ukuphina kanye ne-garter. Ukukhanya okunganele kuthinta kabi isikhathi sokukhula.
Ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwemikhawulo yesikhathi, kungenzeka ukutshala nokuvuna izithelo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala efasiteleni
Umthetho oyinhloko wokuthi ungatshala kanjani imifino egumbini ukukhetha okulungile kwembewu. Yikuphi ukuhlukahluka ongakusebenzisa ukutshala? Uma uthatha izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala eziza kulinywa, ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombo kuzokwehliswa, okungahle kuholele ekufeni kwesithombo.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zilungele ukutshala ukhukhamba efasiteleni.
I-Balcony
Izinhlobonhlobo ezivuthiwe zakuqala ezinesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingama-40-42 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela. Isivuno ngemitha eyisikwele esingu-8-11 kg. Ukuze ukhule ngempumelelo lokhu kuhlukahluka futhi uthole isivuno esikhulu, into esemqoka ukuyinisela ngokufanele ngokwemiyalo.
UBuyan
Lokhu kuhlukahluka akudingi impova futhi kunesikhathi eside sokuthela. IZelentsy ivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-44-48 ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala. Isivuno esimaphakathi singu-3.5-5 kg nge-m2 ngayinye.
Intuthwane
Ikhwalithi yesici sezinhlobonhlobo ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okukhulu, izithelo zivela ezinsukwini ezingama-37-38 ngemuva kokuhluma okukhulu kwembewu. Impova ayidingeki esitshalweni. I-10-12 kg ingasuswa ku-1 m2 ngokunakekelwa okufanele.
IMarathon
I-hybrid edinga impova inesivuno esikhulu (ngaphezulu kwama-25 kg nge-1 m2). Ilungele ukukhula kwewindi ngenxa yobukhulu bayo be-ukuqhuma nokumelana nezifo okuphezulu.
I-Olympiad
Lesi sitshalo, yize sinesiswebhu eside, sijwayela kahle isimo sasekhaya. Izithelo zivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-47-49 ngemuva kokuhluma ebusweni benhlabathi yezimbewu. Lapho ikhuliswa ku-greenhouse ngokuhambisana nobuchwepheshe, kufika ku-45 kg isuswa ku-1 m2, ekhaya kuyabonakala futhi isivuno esikhulu - ngaphezulu kwama-24 kg nge-1 m2.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhula
Ukhiye wokuthola isivuno esihle samakhukhamba kuzoba ukugcwaliseka okungenakuvinjelwa kwemithetho eyisisekelo yobuchwepheshe bezolimo:
- Tshala kuphela izinhlobo ezilungele ukulinywa kwewindi.
- Khipha amagciwane enhlabathini nembewu.
- Bheka umbuso wethempelesha ojwayelekile esigabeni ngasinye.
- Susa okusalungiswa.
- Lawula umswakama wenhlabathi nomoya, kanye nezinga lokukhanyisa.
- Ukufakelwa ngesikhathi esifanele kanye ne-garter, ukwethula umanyolo nokondla
- Ukwenza impova ngesandla izimbali zalezo zinhlobo eziyidingayo.
- Khulula inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze unikeze umoya-mpilo ezimpandeni.
Ungatshala nini ukhukhamba ekhaya?
Kaningi, ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu yezithombo kwenziwa igxathu negxathu ngoMashi. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izithombo ezikhulile zidluliselwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Lesi sinqumo singenxa yesikhathi esifanele sonyaka, lapho kungeke kube khona ukushoda kokukhanya okuhle.
Yisiphi isikhathi esifanelekile sokutshala ngokobuchwepheshe?
Ungaqala ukuhlwanyela ngoJanuwari, lokhu kwenziwa futhi kaningi. Ayikho imikhawulo eqinile ngesikhathi sokutshala emgwaqeni; lapho kunqunywa inkathi, umuntu kufanele aqondiswe yithuba lokwenza izimo ezithandekayo zesikhathi esikhulayo sesitshalo.
Umhlabathi ofanele wokutshala izinhlobo zakuqala ebhodweni
Kumakhukhamba akhulayo, kusetshenziswa inhlabathi evundile evundile. I-substrate yomhlaba wonke eyenziwe ngomumo noma inhlanganisela yokuzilungiselela yezingxenye ezilinganayo kufanelekile: inhlabathi evundile, i-humus, isihlabathi, umlotha, i-sawdust ebolile Kungani ungenzi lokhu ekhaya? Ngezizathu zobuhle, ungagcwalisi ikhaya lakho ngalezi phunga.
Ukuze ubulale amagciwane nge-substrate, kuyadingeka ukuyifudumeza kuhhavini. Ngosizo lwenqubo enjalo, kuzokwazi ukuqeda izibungu nezinhlamvu ezahlukahlukene, ezingatheleleka ngamahlumela amancane.
Ilungiselela imbewu yokutshala
Inqubo yokulungiselela ukuhlwanyela kuvulandi ayihlukile kakhulu kunqubo ejwayelekile esetshenziswa lapho kutshalwa izitshalo endle noma endaweni yokugcina izithombo. Ngaphezu kokubulala amagciwane, okwenziwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, udinga ukuhlunga imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Isici sokutshala ekhaya ukuhluma kwembewu ngaphambi kokuhluma. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kutholakale inani eliqondile lezihlahla ezilingana ebhokisini. Ngenkathi ebandayo, akukho lapho kungatshalwa khona izithombo zabantu abadala, futhi kungukuhlambalaza ukukhipha amahlumela asathuthuka. Ukuphoqa wonke amawindi ngamakhukhamba akuyona indlela yokuphuma, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlwanyela ama-specimens ahluma kuphela.
Ukusheshisa ukuhluma kwezithombo, kunconywa ukuthi uphathe imbewu ngesikhuthazi sokukhula ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Indlela yokutshala nokufakelwa kabusha ekhaya
Ukuhlwanyela kulula ukukwenza emabhokisini enkuni noma ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Ungasebenzisa futhi izinkomishi zepulasitiki, kubalulekile ukuthi kunembobo ezansi ukukhipha umswakama owedlulele. Ngemuva kokuhluma, imbewu ingcwatshwa emhlabathini omanzi ngo-1.5 cm. Kuze kube yilapho kuvela amahlumela ebusweni benhlabathi, isitsha kufanele simbozwe ngengilazi noma ukugoqwa kwepulasitiki ukudala umphumela wokushisa. Umbuso wokushisa kulesi sigaba okungenani u-25 °. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, kuzokwazi ukubona ukuthi amachashazi aluhlaza ahamba kanjani enhlabathini. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, udinga ukususa indawo yokukhosela futhi wehlise izinga lokushisa kwegumbi libe ngu-20 °.
Kuyadingeka ukufakelwa kabusha izithombo ezivuthiwe ezinamaqabunga ama-3-4 ezimbizeni ezinamandla amakhulu, lapho kufakwa khona amalitha ama-5 enhlabathi. Futhi, abanye abanikazi basebenzisa amabhokisi lapho kutshalwa khona izihlahla ezi-3-4 nge-1 m2.
Amahlumela adluliselwa endaweni entsha ngokucophelela kanye nenhlabathi, ukuze uhlelo lwempande olubuthakathaka lungonakali.
Nakekela amahlumela okuqala nezithombo efulethini
Ukunakekela izithombo kuhlukaniswa nokwesaba, kungalesi sikhathi ukuthi kubalulekile ukusiza amahlumela ukuba aqine, okuzodlala indima enhle ekuthuthukiseni okuqhubekayo.
Ukukhanyisa entwasahlobo nasehlobo
Ukhukhamba udinga ukukhanya okuningiNgakho-ke, kungcono ukhethe i-sill window noma i-loggia yombhede wensimu ovela eningizimu noma ohlangothini lwaseningizimu-mpumalanga. Ngezinsuku ezinamafu nasentwasahlobo, udinga ukukhokhela ukungabi khona kokukhanyisa ngokufaka amalambu we-fluorescent. Ukuvimbela lesi sitshalo ukuthi singomi emisebeni yelanga efulethini ehlobo, ingilazi igqize nge-tulle ezacile. Ukufiphaza ukukhanya kuzovikela isiswebhu emisebeni ye-ultraviolet.
Ukukhanya okungeziwe kungakhiwa kusetshenziswa izibuko, ucwecwe nokunye okukhombisa okuzoqondisa kabusha ilanga emahlathini.
Ukunisela ukhukhamba wasendlini
Izithombo zimanziswa ukufafaza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhodlela lokufafaza. Kufanele igcwaliswe kuphela ngamanzi afudumele afudumele.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezithombo
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izithombo zigcinwa endaweni efudumele ngombuso wokushisa okungenani wama-23 ° izinsuku ezingama-25-28. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwethula ukugqokwa okuningi: okokuqala ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ngemuva kokuhluma kanye nangezinye izinsuku eziyi-10 kamuva. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo onzima njengokuqanjwa kokudla okunempilo.
I-Garter yemivimbo ekhulile
Ukuqhuma okukhulayo kudinga usizo - ukuyibopha.
Ku-garter kusetshenziswa inetha le-trellis, okulula ukugoqa isiyingi. Ngemuva kokuyifaka emhlabathini futhi uyilungise, kufanele usebenzise isiqu odongeni olwakhiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena ngokwakhe uzosonga inetha. Ungayilungisa, kepha yenze ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo. Izimpondo ezengeziwe ziyasuswa.
I-garter ibuye ihlelwe ngentambo, egxilwe ohlakeni olwenziwe ngokukhethekile olwenziwe ngama-slats. Ukulandelana kwenqubo kanje:
- intambo inamathiselwe phezulu kohlaka (kusuka kumicu yemvelo);
- ukuphela kwentambo kwehlela endaweni yezimpande zehlathi, kuphenduke (hhayi okuqinile!) izikhathi eziningana ezungeze isiqu futhi
- ubuyela kujantshi ophezulu;
- yomibili imikhawulo yentambo iboshelwe ndawonye.
Ncinza nini futhi kanjani?
Ukwandisa isivuno, kubalulekile ukwakha isihlahla samakhukhamba... Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo sibeka amahlumela wesilisa esiqwini, okuthiwa yizimbali eziyinyumba. Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwawo, kubalulekile ukususa amahlumela we-lateral engxenyeni engezansi ngemuva kokubopha ukuqhuma. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-6-8 amaqabunga adluliswa eceleni kwesiqu futhi akhanyiwe (asikwe onqenqemeni). Le nqubo icasula ukwakheka kwamagatsha asemaceleni, lapho imifino iboshwe kahle.
Ukunisela nokondla
Amanzi afudumele kuphela asetshenziselwa ukuchelela, uketshezi olubandayo luvimbela ukukhula kwezimpande futhi kunciphise ukwakheka kwama-ovari ezonweni. Udinga ukunisela amahlathi kanye ngesonto. Ehlobo, umfutho we-hydration, uma kunesidingo, ukwanda kuze kube izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto. Ungafafaza neziswebhu usuku lonke usebenzisa amanzi afudumele, ahlanzekile.
Udinga ukufaka umanyolo emhlabathini njalo, cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Isikhathi sokuqala lokhu kufanele kwenziwe emavikini amabili emva kokuhlwanyela. Ngalezi zinhloso, kusetshenziswa izingxube ezenziwe ngomumo zamaminerali noma izixazululo ezisuselwa kumvelo:
- i-mullein namanzi (1: 10);
- ubulembu bezinyoni namanzi (1:15);
- ukumnika ku-anyanisi ikhasi, njll.
Ungayifaka kanjani impova kahle
Lapho kukhethwa izinhlobo ezinempova, kufanele kuqinisekiswe impova yokufakelwa, ezimeni zomhlabathi ovulekile, lo msebenzi wenziwa yizinyosi.
Ngaphambi kokwenza, udinga ukufunda ukuhlukanisa izimbali eziyinyumba kuzimbali zesifazane. I-inflorescence yesifazane yakhiwa kuphawu oluhlaza olubukeka njenge-mini-ikhukhamba. Inqubo yokuvotela impova ihilela ukudluliselwa kwempova kusuka ezimbalini zesilisa kuya kokuvundile. Ukuze benze lokhu, bakha imbali engatheli bavule izigaxa ngangokunokwenzeka, basuse wonke amacembe. Osekusele nje ukuthinta izigaxa zembali yesifazane, ukuphinda inqubo kaningana (ukuze uqiniseke). Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi i-inflorescence ebucayi.
Ungakhula kanjani ngempumelelo ukhukhamba efasiteleni? Imfihlo ilele ekunakekelweni okuhlelekile kwezitshalo, okuzokubonga ngokuvuna okukhulu.