Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zama-strawberry engadi enezithelo ezinkulu, kukhona lezo ezingabizwa ngokuthi i-megaparte. Njengomthetho, lezi yizitshalo zohlobo lwe-remontant of fruiting, yize kukhona okuhlukile. Eziningi zazo sezivele "zishaya" emasimini aseRussia. Ngokwesibonelo, uchungechunge lweWim, oluqhamuka enkampanini yaseDashi iVissers Aardbeiplanten... Lo mugqa uqukethe izinhlobo ezine zama-strawberry engadi: iRina, iXima, iTanda neZanta.
Mayelana nochungechunge lwe-Wim - ngokujwayelekile
I-Vissers yinkampani endala futhi eyaziwayo yokuzalanisa esebenza ngokukhiqiza ama-sitrobheli kusukela ngo-1961. Izitshalo ze "Vissers" zitholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeNetherlands, lapho inhlabathi inesihlabathi futhi ilula, kunokukhanya okuningi nezinye izinzuzo zemvelo ama-strawberry azithanda kakhulu.
Izinhlobo zochungechunge lweVima, yize zihlanganiswe zaba umugqa owodwa, zihlukile ngokwezakhi zofuzo. UTarda noZanta kuphela abayizihlobo. Isici sabo esikhulu esivamile ubukhulu bezithelo. Uma kuvamile izithelo zama-strawberry engadi ziba phakathi kwama-30 glapho-ke ezinhlotsheni ze-Vima, le nkomba ifinyelela ku-40-60 g, futhi kwezinye izimo futhi kuze kufike ku-100 g.
Kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yenkampani yakwaVissers, izinhlobo zochungechunge lweWima zisatshalaliswa ngesikhathi sezithelo ngale ndlela:
Vima Zanta | Izinhlobonhlobo zosuku olufushane | Ukuphela kukaMeyi - ukuphela kukaJuni |
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Vima Xima | Izinhlobonhlobo zosuku olufushane | Ekuqaleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi |
UVima Tarda | Izinhlobonhlobo zosuku olufushane | Ekuqaleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi |
UVima Rina | Izinhlobonhlobo zosuku olungathathi hlangothi | Julayi - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba |
Incazelo iyadingeka lapha. ERussia, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemiqondo "yosuku olungathathi hlangothi" (noma "i-photoneutral") ne "remontant". Ukuphendula ekuqondeni kwesayensi yasekhaya yikhono lokuphinda uthele izithelo. Izitshalo ezinjalo zinikeza amagagasi ama-2-4 ezithelo ngesizini ngayinye. Izinhlobo ze-Photoneutral - lezi yizo lapho kuqhubeka khona ukubeka kwezimbali. Ama-strawberry anjalo azothela izithelo isizini yonke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
EYurophu, noma kunjalo, igama elithi "izinhlobo ezingathathi hlangothi losuku" lihlanganisa zombili i-remontance ne-photoneutrality. Ngakho-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokudideka lapho kuhunyushwa. Kwenzeka ngama-strawberry kaWim Rin. Ezincazelweni eziningi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-remontant. kodwa ngokusho kwabalimi, akanaso isithelo esifana negagasi... Lolu luhlobo losuku olungathathi hlangothi.
UVima Rina
Izinhlobonhlobo zeRina zitholwe ngengozi, ngokuvotelwa impova kwamahhala kwe-sitrobheli esaziwa kakhulu futhi ethembisa kakhulu iSelva.
Bush | Inamaqabunga aminyene, isakazeka kancane, inezingqimba ezinamaqabunga ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani. Amandla okwenza intshebe aphansi. |
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Izimbali | Okumhlophe, kobubanzi obumaphakathi, ama-peduncles - agobhoza ngamaqabunga. |
Izithelo | Mikhulu (45 g), iyindilinga enentamo eveziwe, ebomvu, icwebezela. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu, amaphuzu wokunambitha angama-4.8. Ukungaguquguquki koginjana kuminyene, kuyithenda. Iphunga liyakhanya. |
Veza | Cishe i-800 g kusuka ehlathini eli-1. |
Ukuqina kwasebusika | Phezulu |
Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso | Isilinganiso |
Ezokuthutha | Kuhle |
Ukunikezwa kokuhlukahluka | Okuvamile |
Ngale ndlela, izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo zeVima Rina zifaka isivuno esikhulu, isivuno esikhulu, ukuthuthwa nobulukhuni basebusika.
Ikhono eliphansi lama-strawberry lokuphonsa amadevu lingahunyushwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwenza ukugcinwa kube lula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunzima ukuzalanisa izinhlobo.
Vima Zanta
UZanta unozalo lwasebukhosini. Kutholwe ngokuwela izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zeKorona ne-Elsanta.
Bush | Iqinile, isakazeka kancane. Amapuleti amaqabunga asongwe ngokusobala ngaphakathi. Iphonsa amadevu amaningi. |
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Izimbali | Okumhlophe okumaphakathi. Ama-pubuncent peduncles atholakala ekulimaleni kwamaqabunga, njengoba izithelo zigcwaliswa, ziyehla. |
Izithelo | Izilinganiso zokunambitha eziphakeme kakhulu: ezinamanzi, ezinomzimba ophakathi, ezinokusikisela kwe-caramel ne-sitrobheli, okunephunga elinamandla. Suka kalula kwi-sepal, ube nomgodi ngaphakathi. Ukuma kwesithelo ngokuvamile kuyindilinga, kucabalele, kepha kungahluka kusuka ekuqoqweni kuye ekuqoqweni. Umbala ubomvu, ngaphandle kokucwebezela. |
Veza | 600-800 g kusuka ehlathini eli-1 |
Ukuqina kwasebusika | Isilinganiso |
Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso | Kuhle |
Ukungavikeleki | Ku-verticilliasis, fusarium, grey rot. Kungathinteka yi-powdery isikhutha. |
Ezokuthutha | Isilinganiso |
Ukunikezwa kokuhlukahluka | Ukusetshenziswa okusha, ukulondolozwa, ukubanda. |
Ifingqa idatha, izimfanelo ezinhle zama-strawberry kaWim Zant ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, isivuno esikhulu, ukukhiqiza kalula, ukumelana nesomiso nokuzivikela ezifweni eziyinhloko zefungal.
UVima Tarda
UTarda "uyindodakazi" yama-strawberry kaWim Zant, aqhamuke ekuweleni nomunye "umDashi" oqinile - uhlobo lweVicoda.
Bush | Iqinile, inezinsimbi ezinamandla zeshidi. Amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, acwebezela. Yakha amadevu amancane. |
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Izimbali | Mhlophe, uphakathi nendawo, unezinhlanga zezimbali ezingeni lamaqabunga naphansi kancane. |
Izithelo | Muhle kakhulu, mkhulu, ngaphandle komgodi, obomvu ngokumnyama, ocwebezelayo, onethiphu eyindilinga. Ukunambitheka kumnandi, kunephunga elizwelayo. I-pulp iqinile, ibomvu emnyama. |
Veza | 600 g kusuka ku-1 bush |
Ukuqina kwasebusika | Phezulu |
Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso | Isilinganiso |
Ukungavikeleki | Mude |
Ezokuthutha | Kuhle kakhulu |
Inhloso yezithelo | Ukucubungula, ukulondolozwa, ukubanda |
Ngale ndlela, izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo zeVima Tarda - izithelo ezinkulu, ukumelana nezimo zezulu nezifo, ukuthuthwa okuhle kakhulu.
Ama-Strawberries ane-pulp aminyene agcinwa kahle futhi abekezelela kalula ukuthuthwa, kepha aphansi kunambitha ezinhlotsheni ezinhle kakhulu zedizethi.
Vima Xima
Isitrobheli se- "mongrel" esivela ochungechungeni, esikwazile ukudlula ama "namesake" amathathu. Kutholwe ngokukhetha izithombo ezingahleliwe.
Bush | Kuminyene, kunamandla, kunamapuleti amnyama aluhlaza ogqamile. Ukwakheka kuphansi. |
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Izimbali | Okumhlophe, ama-peduncles athwalwa ngaphezu kwezinga lamaqabunga, obukhulu. |
Izithelo | Inkulu kakhulu, inesisindo esingu-60 g nangaphezulu. Umumo ubunjwe yisigaxa noma umile ngekama, umbala ubomvu ngokumnyama. I-pulp inamanzi amaningi, imnandi, ithenda, kepha ayihambi. Iphunga liyakhanya. |
Veza | 700-800 g kusuka ehlathini eli-1 |
Ukuqina kwasebusika | Kuhle |
Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso | Kuhle |
Ukungavikeleki | High cishe zonke izifo fungal. Ehlobo elinemvula, lingathinteka ngokubola okumpunga. |
Ezokuthutha | Isilinganiso |
Inhloso yezithelo | Okuvamile |
Ngokuya ngezimpendulo zabalimi abaningi, izinhlobonhlobo zeXima zihamba phambili kulayini kaWim. Usayizi wamajikijolo, ikakhulukazi okhethwe kuqala, kumangaza umcabango, futhi ukunambitheka kungaphezu kokudunyiswa... Ukumelana okuhle nezinhlobonhlobo kukwenza kube lula ukukuvumelanisa nokukhula ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia.
Ukunakekela izinhlobo zezithelo zesikhathi eside
Uma isitrobheli sithela isikhathi eside futhi lapho sisakha izithelo, siyakudinga kakhulu ukudla. Izinhlobo ezilungisiwe ne-photoneutral azinayo imvula eyanele yomkhathi, izinsiza zenhlabathi namandla azo okuqhubeka nokukhiqiza isivuno. ngakho-ke lapho utshala ama-strawberry anjalo, ukuchelela nomanyolo kuza phambili.
Ukudla okujulile ayadingeka phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yokukhula, kufaka phakathi ukuqhakaza, ukubeka nokuthela izithelo, ukuvuthwa nokushiya isitshalo siphumule. Isicelo sanyanga zonke sezakhiwo eziphelele ze-NPK siyadingeka, kanye ne-magnesium, calcium, boron, iron ne-manganese. Vele, ukusetshenziswa okunamandla okunjalo komanyolo wamaminerali kunemiphumela emibi. Ekuphishekeleni izivuno, "ungabulala" inhlabathi esizeni eminyakeni embalwa.
Esimweni esinjalo, ubuchwepheshe besimanje buyakwazi ukusiza - umanyolo ngesenzo esinde. Ngokwesibonelo, I-APION... Lesi sifinyezo simele okuzenzakalelayo okuphakelayo osmosis futha... Lo ngumanyolo ophelele, oqukethwe ngaphakathi kwamabhola wokuthamba athambile. Ibhola elilodwa lingcwatshwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-sitrobheli, kuthi omanyolo bakhishwe ngomthamo oqinile wamamitha kuyo yonke inkathi.
Umbuso wokunisela olungile kunayo yonke wenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-drip system. Ukuze kulinywe ngempumelelo ama-strawberry ezithelo wesikhathi eside, ukufakwa kohlelo olunjalo kuyadingeka nje.
Izinambuzane ze-Wim's sitrobheli
Izinhlobo ze-Vima sitrobheli, njenganoma iyiphi enye, zingahlaselwa izinambuzane.
I-Strawberry mite
Izinsikazi zalesi sinambuzane zenza imvuthu emaqabungeni amancane, angakavulwa. Thikha amakholoni amunce ubisi lweseli, ashiye ama-curl, izithelo ziboshwe kabi futhi zibe zincane.
Ukulwa nezibungu ze-sitrobheli ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuvela, aphathwa neKarbofos, nangaphambi kokuqhakaza - noNeoron.
I-Strawberry nematode
Kuyisikelemu esihlala ezimpandeni zesitshalo. Lesi sitshalo esithintekile sicindezelwe kakhulu, senza buthakathaka, sikhubazeke futhi sife ngokushesha... Ama-Nematode anda ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke uma ubona isihlahla esigulayo esizeni, udinga ukumba ngokushesha bese usishisa.
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-nematode, kodwa yokuvikela ungatshala ama-marigolds azungeze umkhawulo wemibhede ye-sitrobheli.
Ama-Weevils (izindlovu)
Abesifazane besinambuzane babeka amaqanda ngeziqu ze-sitrobheli, kanti izibungu ezichanyuselwe ziwadla ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, uma indawo ehlwanyelwayo ihlaselwa ngumkhovu, ungalahlekelwa isivuno sesivele sisezingeni lokuqhakaza.
Isixazululo seFitoverm, esidinga ukwelapha izitshalo esigabeni sokuhluma nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, sisiza kahle ezindlovu. Ngokusho kokubona kwabalimi, wethusa ngokumangazayo izilovane zepyrethrum - ama-daisy agadwe engadini, atshalwe kuma-strawberry.
I-Aphid
Esinye isinambuzane esincelayo nesithwala izifo ezithathelana namagciwane. Ama-aphid angahlulwa nge-Fitoverm efanayo noma ngamakhambi wesintu... Isibonelo, isixazululo somlotha nesepha. Gaya ucezu lwensipho yasendlini, noma insipho yetiyela engcono, uhlanganise nengilazi yomlotha wokhuni bese uqeda amalitha amathathu amanzi. Zonke izihlahla ze-sitrobheli zigezwa kahle ngokwakhiwa okuvelayo.
Ukubuyekezwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zama-strawberry eWima
U-Anna: Ngibazi kahle oRina noTanda, bebelokhu bekhula esizeni sami iminyaka engu-5. Ekushiseni ehlobo eledlule, uTanda wabhakwa, kepha uRina wasinda futhi wathela izithelo kwaze kwaba maphakathi no-Okthoba. Amajikijolo aluhlaza asusiwe avuthwe ezinsukwini ezimbili.
UVictoria: kusuka kuma-strawberry anezithelo ezinkulu atshalwe ngonyaka owodwa iGigantella, Chamora Tarusi kanye neVima Ksima. Abokugcina kuphela abangazange badumaze. Phakathi kwazo zonke iziqhwaga - zakamuva, kepha zimnandi kakhulu.
USergei: URina, uZantu noTardu batshalwe emasimini eRiphabhulikhi yaseMari El. Esifundeni sethu, bekufanele sibashiye. Zavuthwa kahle, azitholanga okuqukethwe ushukela, futhi zazingenampova kahle. Mhlawumbe kwezinye izifunda bangcono ekuvezeni amandla abo.
UValentina: IVima Zanta iyinhlobonhlobo emnandi kakhulu! Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala emva kokutshala, leli berry lalilikhulu kakhulu, kepha labe selichotshozwa, isivuno sancipha. Uxolo, kepha bekufanele sisuswe.
UNikolay: I-Zanta i-godsend nje yesayithi lasekhaya. Ukunambitheka kokubili okusha nokucutshungulwa kuhle kakhulu! Ukumelana nezifo ezimpunga zesikhunta nezimpande. Kepha ayifanele kakhulu ukulinywa kwezimboni, isuswa ngaphandle kwama-sepals, ayithuthwanga kahle.
UMichael: IVima Xima iyinhlobonhlobo enkulu! Izihlahla zinamandla, amajikijolo mahle, amnandi, awaminyene, amnandi. Amanye amakhophi aqoshwa futhi kwenziwa ihlaya: hhayi ama-strawberry, kepha ama-apula we-sitrobheli! Isisindo safinyelela ku-100-120 amagremu. Isidlakela sangempela.
Isiphetho
Izinhlobo ezinesithelo esikhulu sezitrobheni zensimu zochungechunge lweVima azifanele izakhamizi zasehlobo ezivakashela isiza "ngokuhlasela" okungavamile. Zidinga ukunakwa nokunakekelwa okuningi.... Kwesinye isikhathi "azinankinga", azihambelani kahle nezimo zendawo. Kepha uma ukwazi ukwenza ubungani nabo, izinhlobo zeVima zinxephezela yonke imizamo ngokuvunwa okucebile kwamajikijolo amahle kakhulu.