Ikhabe nekhabe kuhlotshaniswa nokunambitheka kwehlobo, futhi wonke umlimi wensimu uphupha ngezithelo ezimnandi esakhiweni sakhe. Ikhabe sekuyisikhathi eside lisetshenziswa njengomuthi wokwelapha isisu ukuhlanza umzimba. Izitshalo zamakhabe zine-thermophilic futhi zikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele, ngakho-ke, ukuze ukhule futhi utshale amakhabe endle, udinga ukuba nolwazi olukhethekile.
Kubalulekile ukuthola kusengaphambili ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukutshala amakhabe uma ikhukhamba, upelepele, ithanga noma i-zucchini zikhula eduze.
Ngabe amakhabe namakhabe kungatshalwa eduze?
Amakhabe angokomndeni wamathanga. Izitshalo ziphilile kakhulu futhi ziqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini. Uma ufunda ukuthi ungazitshala kanjani kahle lezi zitshalo, ungathola isivuno esikhulu sezithelo ezimnandi.
Ikhabe lifanelekile "endaweni" enekhabe. Izitshalo zivame ukukhula. Akunconyelwe ukutshala ndawonye eduze kakhulu.
Amakhabe athambekele ekuthelelekeni ngezifo ezahlukahlukene ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, uma utshala eduze kwaso, udinga ukuqonda ubungozi bokusabalalisa izifo kusuka kwesinye isiko kuye kwesinye.
Ukuhlwanyelwa okulungile kwembewu yezithombo ekhaya
Imbewu yezithombo itshalwe cishe Izinsuku ezingama-60 ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini ovulekile... Lokhu kusho ukuthi vele maphakathi no-Mashi, imbewu kufanele ithengwe. Ungawathenga kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhethekile noma ubuze kulabo asebekwazile ukutshala ikhwalithi ephezulu yamakhabe namakhabe.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthola isivuno esihle ezimbewini zekhabe lonyaka odlule. Imbewu enhle ongayitshala yilezi 5 iminyaka edlule... Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izinhlobo eziqala ukukhula kuphela ezinesikhathi sokuvuthwa esingafika ezinsukwini ezingama-70-85 zilungele isimo sezulu sethu. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo ze-hybrid ezijwayelene kakhulu nezimo ezimbi.
Lapho ulungiselela imbewu, qiniseka ukuthi ayinalutho. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu ifakwa esitsheni ngamanzi, konke okuvelile kungalahlwa ngokuphepha... Imbewu yekhabe ihluma kancane kakhulu kunezimbewu zamakhabe. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi usike imbewu yamakhabe ngamanzi abilayo ukuze kuhlume kangcono bese uhlwanyela kuphela.
Ukulungiselela ukutshala nokumanzisa
- Cwilisa. Uhlobo ngalunye lwembewu kufanele lusongwe futhi lufakwe ngezingubo zezindwangu futhi gcina endaweni enomswakama kuze kube yilapho kuhluma... Ungangena futhi kuma-napkin akhethekile.
- Uma imbewu isivele ichanyuselwe, kepha ayikho indlela yokuyitshala ngesikhathi esifanele, ungashiya imbewu esiqandisini.
Izimbewu ezikhuliswe ekhaya zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukene ezinobubanzi obungu-10 cm, mhlawumbe i-peat. Umhlabathi kufanele ube yingxube ye: humus, sod land 3: 1, engeza i-peat, sawdust, humus 3: 1: 0.5.
Kutshalwe ebhodweni ngalinye 2 imbewu ngayinye ekujuleni 5 cm... Manzisa umhlaba ngesifutho. Mboza phezulu kwesiqukathi ngefilimu yokudla bese ufaka endaweni efudumele +25 degrees.
Kuzothatha izinsuku ezingama-40-45 ukukhulisa izithombo zekhabe, nezinsuku ezingama-30 zekhabe.
Izincomo ezikhulayo
- lapho imbewu ihluma, yidlulisele elangeni ezingeni lokushisa +22 ama-degree... Susa ifilimu;
- indawo enhle yezithombo yi-sill windows ohlangothini oluseningizimu lendlu;
- isonto ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, bondla izithombo ngomanyolo wamaminerali, elinye isonto - ukumnika i-mullein nge-superphosphate.
Ukuhlala emhlabathini ovulekile
Lapho utshala emhlabathini ovulekile, udinga ukugxila ezimeni zezulu, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhethiwe, ukulungela izithombo.
Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi
Ngaphambi kokutshala amakhabe emhlabathini ovulekile, udinga ukukhetha indawo yokutshala. Izitshalo ezingaphandle zithanda izindawo ezinelanga lapho kungekho mthunzi nomoya.
Amakhabe namakhabe badinga inhlabathi ecebilekanye nalezo ezimelana kahle nomswakama. Inketho ekahle inhlabathi enesihlabathi nenhlabathi ene-index ye-hydrogen yama-6-7 amayunithi.
Ukulungiswa kwesayithi kwenziwa ekwindla. Lapho umba, engeza umquba ongu-4-5 kg ngemitha eyisikwele, i-superphosphate 40 g., Usawoti we-Potassium 30 g. kanye ne-ammonium sulfate.
Ilungiselela izithombo zamakhabe
Lapho izithombo zivela Amaqabunga ama-5-7, ukulungele ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Isikhathi esihle - ukuphela kukaMeyi... Kodwa-ke, udinga ukugxila ezimeni zezulu ukuze izinga lokushisa lomoya lihlale ku- +15 degrees ebusuku.
Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zidinga ukuqina ukuze kube nokushisa kwasemini okungama- + 16 + 20 degrees.
Vula iphethini yokufika komhlaba - ukujula nebanga
Ngokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele uthobele le mithetho elandelayo:
- Engadini, izimbobo kufanele zenziwe kude Ukuhlukana kwamamitha ayi-0.5-0.7 ngokusho kwephethini lokuhlola. Shiya izikhala ezingama-70cm phakathi kwemigqa.
- Izithombo zifakwa emigodini ukuze indawo ihlale amaqabunga ambalwa phezulu... Umhlabathi kufanele uchotshozwe, ufafazwe isihlabathi nxazonke ukuvikela isitshalo ekuboleni.
- Ngemuva kokutshala, isivuno kufanele siniselwe ngehlobo noma ngamanzi afudunyezwe kancane.
- Ukuze uvikele isitshalo esincane elangeni elishisayo, udinga ukuvala amahlumela ngepulasitiki noma amakhanda wephepha oswakanyisiwe izinsuku ezingama-2-3.
Izinsuku eziyi-10-14 emva kokutshala, udinga ukondla isivuno ngesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate 20g ibhakede ngalinye lamalitha ama-2 esihlahleni ngasinye. Ngesikhathi sokubonakala kwehlumela, udinga ukondla amakhabe ngokufakwa kwe-mullein.
Izici zamakhabe akhulayo
Ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamahhala komoya-mpilo ezimpandeni, inhlabathi idinga ukuhlala njalo khipha ekujuleni kwe-10 cm... Ngokuthuthukiswa kwamaluphu ohlangothini, spud isiko. Ukuze isitshalo singasebenzisi wonke amandla aso ekutholeni isisindo ngesikhathi sokukhula, udinga ukucindezela isiqu esikhulu. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele amakhabe, amahlumela amathathu anele.
Lapho ama-ovari wezithelo evela, ama-2-6 wezinhlobo ezinamandla nezinkulu kakhulu asele ehlathini. Ukuze unciphise umthwalo ku-lash, kunconywa ukubopha izithelo kumanetha futhi hang on a support... Izithelo zibekwa kuma-foil pads ukuvimbela ukubola.
Lapho amakhabe eqala ukucula, kunconywa ukunciphisa ukuchelela kube kuncane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ungakhuphula ushukela ekuhluthweni kwezithelo. Udinga ukuvuna izithelo esezivuthiwe kahle.
Uma amakhabe ezosetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuhambisa ngokuzayo, kungcono ukuthatha iberry akuvuthwanga ngokuphelele.
Izinzuzo zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile:
- esimweni sezulu esifudumele ungafinyelela ukuvuthwa okuphezulu izithelo;
- ukunisela nsuku zonke isivuno akudingeki;
- isivuno singakhuphuka ngokubheka imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhethwa kwenhlabathi nokutshala imbewu yezithombo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi utshale amakhabe namakhabe ekotishi lasehlobo. Abanye baze bazikhulise ezikhwameni noma ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Uma ulandela zonke izincomo, ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ungazijabulela izithelo ezinoshukela, ushukela. Inzuzo enkulu yamakhabe akhulayo engadini yakho ukungabikho kwamakhemikhali.
