ICherry sekunesikhathi izuza izinhliziyo zabalimi nabathandi bayo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zayo ngemibala ehlukahlukene: ophuzi, omhlophe, obomvu omnyama nomnyama.
Kuze kube ngamashumi ambalwa eminyaka edlule, ama-cherries (hhayi ama-cherries) ayebhekwa njengamasiko aseningizimu ngqo. Kepha ngenxa yemisebenzi ebalulekile yabafuyi, isabalele enyakatho ekude.
Manje kungenzeka ukukubona ezindaweni ezisendaweni emaphakathi yezwe lethu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele futhi ufunde ukuthi ungazinakekela kahle kanjani. Abafuyi bakhiqize inqwaba yezinhlobo zama-cherry ezimnandi eziguqulelwa ezimeni ezinzima zamakhaza asebusika. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi utshale izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezingadi zeSifunda Esimaphakathi: i-Adelina, iVeda, iRevna, iRechitsa, i-Ovstuzhenka neLeningradskaya emnyama.
Cherry Leningradskaya omnyama
Ake siqale ngencazelo. ILeningradskaya emnyama yaziwa njengohlobo lokuqala lwasebusika oluqinile. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhuliswa esiteshini sokuhlola i-VIR ePavlovsk edolobheni laseSt.
Amajikijolo omnyama weLeningrad makhulu, i-maroon ngombala, isisindo esimaphakathi ngamagremu amahlanu. Isithelo lesi simise okwenhliziyo. Ukunambitheka kwabo kumnandi, kepha kubaba kancane.
Ngokunakekelwa okwanele nendawo enhle yokukhula, isivuno sokuqala sivunwa ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala.
Kwezinye izimo, izithelo zivunwa kuphela ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila. Izitshalo zibonakala ngokuchichima nokuhlala isikhathi eside esihlahleni.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kwi-cherry emnandi, kufanele itshalwe endaweni enelanga.
Izinambuzane eziyingozi kuma-cherries:
- Okokuqala, amagundane asongela lolu hlobo. Bamba izimbobo ezimpandeni bazidle. Kufanele uhlale ubheke inhlabathi eseduze kwesihlahla bese usebenzisa abesabisayo.
- Izinyoni ziyizitha zesivuno esimnandi se cherry. Ukuze uvikele amajikijolo ezinyoni, udinga ukumboza umqhele ngenetha elikhethekile ekupheleni kokuqhakaza.
I-Cherry Leningradskaya emnyama ikhetha ukuchelela ngokulingene. Ngesikhathi se-ovary nasekushiseni okukhulu, iyaniselwa ekuseni kakhulu nakusihlwa ngemuva kokushona kwelanga.
Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ukuchelela kungenzeka kuphela emahoreni asekuseni, kepha kufanele kube kuningi. Ukuze i-cherry emnandi iphile esikhathini sasebusika, amagatsha kufanele anqunywe ekupheleni kwekwindla. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isiqu namagatsha aphansi kufanele acwengeke, ukuze isihlahla sisindiswe ezinambuzaneni.
Ovstuzhenka ezihlukahlukene
Izinhlobo ezinoshukela omnandi i-Ovstuzhenka yathuthukiswa e-All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine ngokuhlanganisa izinhlobo zeCompact Venyaminova neLeningradskaya Black. Umbhali ungokaM. Kanshina.
Ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwama-cherry kungaphansi kwesilinganiso. Isivuno esikhulu singabonakala ngemuva kweminyaka emi-4-5 yokuthuthuka kwesihlahla, kepha isitshalo esineminyaka engamashumi amane ubudala siyakwazi ukuthela izithelo.
Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo ayindilinga, anesisindo esivela ku-4.2 g. Umbala wabo ubomvu obomvu, banambitheka futhi banamanzi, futhi izakhiwo zabo ze-tonic ziguqula zibe ezelaphayo. Kepha njengoba izithelo zase-Ovstuzhenka zingokokuqala ukuvuthwa ezingadini, ziheha izinyoni nezinambuzane zensimu nensimu. Ibhu lingena esithelweni bese lidla uginindela, futhi ijikijolo elishwabene alibi mnandi ekunambithekeni. Ukuvikela izinyoni, kubekwa inetha esihlalweni somuthi ngesikhathi sokuthela.
Lapho uqoqa isithelo, isiqu asidabulwa, ngoba izinto eziwusizo ziyanyamalala nejusi ekhishiwe. Kumavithamini angama-25 adingekayo emzimbeni womuntu, ama-cherries amnandi aqukethe ayi-10.
Izincomo zokukhula kwe-Ovstuzhenka:
- Izithombo kufanele zithengwe enkulisa noma esitolo esikhethekile. Buza ngohlobo lwesiphunzi. Kukhethwa iziphunzi zezimbewu. I-cherry izokhula iqinile futhi iqine. Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ekwindla, ngoba kuzoba nokukhethwa okukhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ebusika, isithombo sifakwa emseleni ongajulile. Isihlahla sibekwa ekhoneni, futhi izimpande zimbozwe inhlabathi.
- Ukutshala kunconywa entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi engaphezulu incibilikile. Umgodi ulungiswa ngaphambi kwamakhaza asebusika. Izihlahla ezincane ezitshalwe ngesikhathi sasekwindla zivame ukufa ngenxa yezimpande ezibuthaka, kanti ukhuni olomile phakathi nobusika lubambezela ukukhula kwazo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeVeda
Izinhlobo ze-Veda cherry zenziwa e-All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine.
Izithelo zalolu hlobo zinobukhulu obuphakathi nendawo, ohlangothini olulodwa, obumise okwenhliziyo ebanzi, ngesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-5.1 g. I-peduncle iphakathi nendawo, ngaphandle komzamo iyahlukana negatsha. Umbala wamajikijolo ubomvu obomvu. Ikhasi lama cherries amnandi lithenda. Inyama yabo ibomvu ngombala obomvu, ithenda futhi inamanzi amaningi. Umkhiqizo wezinhlobonhlobo zeVeda ufinyelela kuma-77 c / ha.
Le cherry ithanda inhlabathi evundile ekhanyayo naphakathi nendawo ene-reaction engathathi hlangothi yemvelo. Ukhetha umswakama, kepha akawabekezeleli amanzi amile.
Izinhlobo zeVeda ziphikisana kahle nezimo zemvelo kanye nezifo ezahlukahlukene, njengecoccomycosis. Futhi, iVeda ibekezelela amakhaza asebusika ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
U-Adeline
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Adelina zenziwa e-All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants. Kutholwe ngokuhlanganisa izinhlobo: uSlava Zhukova noValery Chkalov.
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kuka-Adeline siqala maphakathi nehlobo, isikhathi sesithelo senzeka ngonyaka wesine ngemuva kokutshala.
Isisindo sama-cherries sifinyelela ku-5.5-6.0 g. Zinjengenhliziyo, zimnyama ngombala obomvu. I-pulp ibomvu obomvu, yobukhulu obulinganiselayo. Izithelo zisuswa kalula esiqwini.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kubonakala ngokuqina kwasebusika okwandayo futhi kunokumelana okujwayelekile nezifo ezinjengecoccomycosis kanye ne-moniliosis.
Ukufika kuka-Adeline kuqala ngokukhetha indawo okufanele ivalwe kusuka emimoyeni esenyakatho. Isixazululo esihle kunazo zonke kuzoba imithambeka emnene, eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, kanye nezindawo ezisehlangothini oluseningizimu lwamabhilidi. Kunconywa ukwenza igquma elincane, ukukhulisa izinga lomhlabathi ngo-0.5 m.
Izihlahla ezincane zitshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba efihlekile ikhule, kepha ukulungiselela ukutshala kwenzeka ekwindla.
Rechitsa
Izinhlobonhlobo zeRechitsa zikhethelwe izakhiwo zayo zomaka kusuka ezitshalweni zikaBryansk pink cherry. Yazalwa e-All-Russian Research Institute yaseLupina M.V. Kanshina.
Isisindo sesithelo singu-4.9 g, isisindo esikhulu sifinyelela ku-5.8 g. Ama-cherries amnandi amise okwendilinga, nomsele ophakathi nendawo. Umbala wamajikijolo ucishe ube mnyama, kanti uginindela nejusi kubomvu okubomvu. I-peduncle yabo yinde futhi ayinkulu kakhulu. I-pulp inokunambitheka okumnandi futhi okumnandi.
Amajikijolo avela esihlahleni iminyaka emihlanu. Isivuno esimaphakathi singu-82 c / ha, esiphezulu kakhulu singu-146 c / ha. Ukuqina kwasebusika kwe-sweet cherry ne-flower buds kuphakeme. Izinhlobonhlobo zeRechitsa ziyamelana nezifo zefungal.
UCherry Revna
URevna uyisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu sezinhlobonhlobo zaseBryanskaya Rozovaya, ezivela ezimbewini zazo ezahlukahlukene, eziphawuleka ngezici zayo.
Ama-cherry asezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Isisindo sazo singu-4.7 g, kanti esikhulu kunazo zonke singu-7.7 g. Isimo sesithelo sibanzi siyindilinga, sinofele obanzi naphezulu okuyindilinga. Isikhumba sabo siminyene impela. Amajikijolo anombala obomvu ngombala obomvu, okwenza acishe abe mnyama ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kanye nokuvuthwa komthengi.
Ukuze iRevna ikwazi ukugxila kahle, itshalwa entwasahlobo. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kudlule umhlabathi.
Lapho betshala, basebenzisa imithambeka eseningizimu, lapho umoya obandayo ungenalo ithuba lokuma. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle ama-cherries, kuyadingeka ukuthi isitshalo sithole ilanga eliningi. Mayelana nalokhu, uhlangothi oluseningizimu lwensimu, olungafakwanga umthunzi ngamabhilidi nezinye izihlahla, luyoba inketho ephumelela kakhulu yokutshala.
ICherry Revna ayingeni ezifweni zefungal. Kodwa-ke, uma ezinye izihlahla zikhula esizeni futhi unyaka ungakulungele kakhulu ukutshala izitshalo ezahlukahlukene, isihlahla ngasinye singahlaselwa izifo. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele uphathe lesi sitshalo ngemikhiqizo yezithelo zamatshe jikelele. Ukufafaza kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ngemuva kokuthi isihlahla sesiphelile.
Uma kunezinambuzane eziye zaqashelwa esiqwini, amaqabunga noma amajikijolo, khona-ke indlela yokubhekana nazo kufanele ikhethwe ngawodwana, ukuze ingaphathi umuthi wamatshe ngama-poisonous agents.
UVasilisa
Izinhlobonhlobo zeVasilisa zakhuliswa egatsheni laseDonetsk le-Institute of Horticulture ye-UAAS LI Taranenko ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamalahle aseDonetsk nobuhle baseDonetsk.
Izihlahla zikhula ngokushesha, ziletha inani elikhulu lokuvuna. Amajikijolo eVasilisa makhulu impela, anempuphu eminyene, anesisindo esingu-12.5 g, umbala obomvu, oyindilinga, omnandi kunambitheka. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwama-cherry simaphakathi.
IVasilisa itshalwe enhlabathini ene-loamy enomswakama omkhulu. Akudingekile ukubeka umuthi enhlabathini enamatshe, ngoba yomile futhi ayikufanele ngokuphelele ukutshala ama-cherries. Kunconywa ukutshala izihlahla ezincane ekwindla. Ngaphambi kokuba iqhwa liqale, izimpande ze-cherry zizokwazi ukuthatha izimpande.
Ama-cherry amnandi anoma yiziphi izinhlobo ezingenhla angakhetha kahle kunoma iyiphi ingadi. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amajikijolo amakhulu nezihlahla ezinempilo akuzona kuphela izimfanelo ezinhle zohlobo oluthile, kepha futhi kungumphumela womsebenzi onzima wensimu yangempela.