Sonke siyathanda ukuzitika ngama-strawberry avuthiwe, anamanzi akhethwe engadini yethu ngezinsuku zasehlobo. Ngakho-ke ukhetha kanjani izinhlobonhlobo zamajikijolo ukuze uzuze kakhulu esivinini sakho uma ijikijolo lingavamile ukumelana nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu okunzima ezindaweni ezihlukene? Ngenhlanhla, kunezinhlobo zama-strawberry ezingabizi kakhulu futhi ezingazweli, njengeDucat.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zeDukat
IDucat yizinhlobonhlobo ezithele izithelo ezakhiwe ngabalimi basePoland, imelana nesithwathwa nokunakekelwa okungathobeki.
Ngokwencazelo, ingeyezinhlobo zakuqala noma zakuqala-maphakathi. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa siqala ngoJuni kuya maphakathi noJulayi.
Imvamisa leli berry lithela izithelo ngobuningi.: kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ngokunisela okufanele futhi okuvamile, ungaqoqa cishe ama-2 kg amajikijolo.
Ukumelana nokubola okumpunga nezinye izifo eziningi, yingakho sekusabalele nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho.
Amajikijolo avuthiwe isithelo esikhulu esiyindilinga. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo seberry elilodwa cishe ngama-40-50 amagremu.
I-pulp iminyene impela, inamanzi amaningi, obomvu ngokugqamile ngaphandle kwesikhungo esimhlophe esishiwoyo. Kukhona ifilimu ecwebezelayo enwebeka ebusweni bejikijolo. Isiqu sihlukaniswa kalula nebhere uqobo.
Izihlahla zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula kakhulu. Banikeza nezimpondo eziningi, ezikuvumela ukuthi wandise isivuno sakho ngokushesha.
Amashidi amakhulu ahlukahlukene, Unombala oluhlaza okhanyayo, kepha izihlahla ngokwazo ziphansi kakhulu nge-peduncle ejiyile.
Izimbali zabo bobabili ubulili ngenani elikhulu lama-stamens, atholakala ngezansi nje kwamaqabunga.
Ama-Strawberries avumelana kahle nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi futhi ngomoya ophansi ubekezelela ubusika, kepha njengesinyathelo sokuqapha, kufanele ulungiselele indawo yokukhosela imibhede ebusika.
Lapho ukhula ama-strawberry, izinga lokushisa emhlabathini akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka -8 degrees.
Ungatshala kuphi
Isimo sezulu sezwekazi sinconyelwe lokhu kuhlukahluka kwe-sitrobheliNokho, kungatholakala kalula emazweni aseNyakatho Caucasus.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuthola isivuno esingcono, ama-strawberry anga "buthaka" emhlabathini obandayo izinyanga ezimbalwa, njengoba leli berry lithanda inhlabathi emanzi.
Imizamo yokutshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo enhlabathini eyomile, ebumba noma enesihlabathi ingahluleka nakanjani. I-limestone, usawoti nenhlabathi ene-esidi nakho ngeke kuveze imiphumela elindelekile.
Akuthandeki ukutshala ama-strawberry ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezivame ukushaywa ngumoya.
Impilo encane yokugenca: uma kwenzeka inhlabathi isamanzi kakhulu, inani elincane lesihlabathi lingangezwa ezimpandeni lapho utshala. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokubola.
Ukutshala ama-strawberry
Ukufika kwenzeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukutshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo ebusika.ngoba ngaleyo ndlela ama-strawberry agcina enokunambitheka okunothile.
Ekwindla
Ukwehla kuqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba... Izimo eziyimpoqo zokutshala ekwindla ukuba khona kukamanyolo.
Kusetshenziswa umquba noma i-humus njengomanyolo. Ukusetshenziswa okucishe kube ngu-1 kg ngemitha ngayinye yesikwele.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kufanele ilungiswe: njengoba ama-strawberry engakhuli ekujuleni okukhulu, kunconywa ukuthi umbe umhlabathi ngokujula okungama-25-30 cm, ungabe usaba khona.
Uma ukutshala kuhlelwe ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sekwindla, khona-ke ukulungiswa kufanele kuqalwe emavikini ama-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala uqobo.
Entwasahlobo
Ukutshala ama-strawberry kuvame ukuqala phakathi nenkathi kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya maphakathi no-May... Imibhede ihlanzwa ngokhula, inhlabathi isuswe kancane futhi yathukululwa.
Uma umhlabathi uqobo unomswakama, kufanele kwenziwe imisele ezungeze indawo evundile ukukhipha umswakama.
Izindlela
Ama-strawberry avame ukutshalwa ngemigqa... Imigqa ilungiswa ebangeni elingaba amasentimitha angama-70 kusuka komunye nomunye ukuhlukaniswa okungcono kwemikhondo nokususa ukhula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phakathi kwemibhede kugcinwa ibanga elingu-15-20 cm.
Benza izimbobo emhlabathini bese bebeka ngokucophelela isithombo kuso. Ngemuva kwalokho bangcwatshwa ebangeni eliphansi, ukuze ihlumela le-apical lisezingeni lomhlabathi, futhi izimpande azivezwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungangcwabi izithombo ngokujulile futhi ungazishiyi ngaphezulu.... Esimweni sokuqala, izimpande zizogcwala umswakama futhi ngeke ziqhume, kwesibili, zizovele zome.
Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi kufanele iniselwe kakhulu futhi ixutshwe notshani noma isigaxa semithi yamapulangwe oyithandayo.
Ukunisela nokunakekela okuqhubekayo
IDukat akuyona inhlobo ethandwayo, ngakho-ke ayidingi ukuniselwa kaningi.: kwanele kanye ngesonto ekwindla, nasehlobo, thambisa inhlabathi njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu.
Ngokuya ngesifunda nesimo sezulu ehlobo, ungafaka ukufafaza. Kukhethwa amanzi afudumele.
Lapho leli berry lithela izithelo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukufafaza kuphela. Ngemuva kokuchelela ngakunye, inhlabathi iyaxegiswa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu nomanyolo
Futhi, entwasahlobo, ama-strawberry azodinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma inhlabathi ingacebile ngezinto zokulandela umkhondo. Kunezinketho lapha:
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu nge-ammonium sulphur... Isibonelo, i-135 gram yale "powder" isetshenziselwa izikwele eziyi-10.
- Qedela umanyolo wamaminerali okwezihlahla ezithelayo. Kuya ngokuthi ungasabalalisa ngokwengeziwe yini lokhu kuhlukahluka.
- Ukudla okuyinkimbinkimbi kuhle ngoba ziqukethe izinto zokulandela umkhondo, lapho usayizi wesithelo uncike khona ngokuzayo.
- I-Phosphorus-potassium Umanyolo wamaminerali nawo ayadingeka kuma-strawberry.
- Ngenye indlela, ingasetshenziswa futhi njengokugqoka okuphezulu. humus, kepha ungahle weqise ngayo.
- Ama-nitrogen compounds nawo mahle ngenhlabathi - zilethwa entwasahlobo.
Ngokuya ngeminyaka yama-strawberry, ukugqoka okuphezulu kusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.: ezitshalweni ezisencane, lesi yisikhathi sokukhula komzimba, kanye nezihlahla ezithela izithelo - ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa okuningi kwamajikijolo.
Izifo nezindlela zokubhekana nazo
Kunezifo eziningana ezivame kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Dukat sitrobheli:
Ukubola okumnyama
Izimpawu: i-berry wateriness, ukunambitheka okuthambile, ukwenza mnyama nokubola.
Indlela yokulwa: zama ukuqeda imibhede enegciwane, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukususa lokhu, kepha kunethuba lokugcina amahlumela asele.
I-Nematode
Izimpawu: ukufiphaza nokusonteka kwamaqabunga, ukwakheka kwamabala abomvu kuwo.
Ukwelashwa: Phatha amahlathi ngamanzi afudumele, angabi ngaphezu kwama-45 degrees. Kungenzeka ukuphinda inqubo kaningana.
Isikhunta se-Powdery
Izimpawu: amabala amhlophe aqhakaze izithelo namaqabunga esitshalo.
Ikhambi: Lungisa isixazululo sikashukela womlotha ngezinga lamagremu angama-50 wezinto ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese ucubungula imibhede.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivikelekile kwezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane.
Sekukonke, isitrobheli seDucat yizinhlobonhlobo ezaziwa ngokuthela kwaso nangokuthela kakhulu. Abalimi abanesipiliyoni bavame ukukuqhathanisa nezinhlobonhlobo ezifana neNkosi neZenga-Zengana.
Akuhlonipheki, kungumakhelwane omuhle kwezinye izitshalo engadini futhi iphelele njengokuhlangenwe nakho kokuqala kwamajikijolo akhulayo ensimini.