Abanye abantu bane-dill engadini yabo njengokhula. Abazi ukuthi bazosukaphi ezindaweni eziluhlaza, ukuze bangavaleki kwezinye izitshalo ezilinyiwe. Futhi abanye abantu kufanele bajuluke kakhulu ukuze bakhule futhi bathole isivuno esihle samaqabunga aluhlaza namakha.
Inkinga ingahle ilele zombili ezimweni ezikhulayo zohlobo oluhlaza, nasekutshalweni okulungile kwembewu. Ukubhekana nalolu daba, kufanelekile ukucubungula konke ngemininingwane eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kulula kanjani ukutshala i-dill ngaphandle nasendlini eluhlaza
Ngokuvamile, i-dill isitshalo esingenakuzithoba futhi akudingekile ukunamathela kunoma yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile ukuthola isivuno. Kodwa-ke, kunama-nuances akuvumela ukuthi ukhule imifino eluhlaza, eluhlaza futhi enephunga elimnandi.
I-Dill ingatshalwa ezimeni zokushisa okushisa, noma ngabe umhlabathi ovulekile nawo ujwayelekile.
Into esemqoka ukuthi inhlabathi evundile futhi ecebile ngezinto zokulandela okuwusizo, kwakukhona ukukhanyisa okwanele nomswakama. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya, sidinga ukukhanya okungaphezu kwamahora ayi-12 ngosuku ukuthola amaqabunga aluhlaza.
Esikhathini esiningi, abalimi bancoma ukulungiselela nokukhulisa izithombo endaweni abamba ukushisa, bese bezitshala emhlabathini ovulekile lapho kuqala ukushisa.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle semifino, kunconywa ukulungisa imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala:
- Faka imbewu yedill ngaphansi kwe-cheesecloth esitsheni seglasi imizuzu embalwa bese gcwalisa ngamanzi ashisayo, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-60, ngaphandle kwalokho bazopheka.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu, imbewu kufanele ihlume emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa. Lapho Kunconywa ukushintsha amanzi njalo emahoreni ayisishiyagalombili... Ngakho-ke, ungasusa owoyela ababalulekile ababambezela izithombo.
- Ekugcineni, imbewu kufanele yomiswe futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukutshala.
Imbewu entanta esitsheni samanzi kufanele isuswe. Awukwazi ukuwalahla, kepha sebenzisa njengesinongo... Kepha azifanele izithombo.
Kulokhu, asilindi ukuvela kwezithombo. Njengoba inqubo yokutshala izitshalo izoba nzima. Uma zingaphonswa ngempumelelo emseleni, izithombo zingalimala noma zishiywe ngokuphelele.
Ukuhlwanyela i-dill yemifino emhlabathini ovulekile nokushisa okushisa
I-Dill ingatshalwa kokubili endle nasendaweni ebamba ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi abaningi bayeluleka ukhule izithombo endaweni abamba ukushisa, bese uzifaka engadini yemifino... Lokhu kuzokhulisa kakhulu isivuno semifino futhi kuhlinzeke ngabo kuyo yonke isizini.
Ukutshala ezimweni zokugcina izithombo
Lapho nje usukhethe inhlobonhlobo efanelekayo yedile nenhlabathi evundile elungisiwe, kunconywa ukuqala ukutshala imbewu:
- Kufanele uqale ulungise imbewu. Bona cwilisa izinsuku ezimbili esitsheni samanziukushintsha amanzi njalo emahoreni amabili. Lokhu kuzosusa umphumela wamafutha abalulekile, futhi amahlumela okuqala azovela ekuqaleni.
- Inhlabathi esemabhokisini ihlakaniphile kuswakanyisiwe futhi kwaxegiswa.
- Kuyafaneleka ukudala ama-grooves anebanga phakathi kwawo ku 0.15 m.
- Akufanelekile ukumboza imisele ngenhlabathi. Kuzoba nzima ukuthi idile idlule. Inhlabathi ifafazwa kancane phezu kwembewu bese iswakanyiswa ngesifutho.
Uma uhlela ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini we-greenhouse, ungamane uzisakaze ngaphezulu kwesiza, bese uzivala nge-rake. Kepha kulokhu, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi ngokuqhamuka kwezihlahla ezengeziwe.
Ukuhlala emhlabathini ovulekile
Kunconywa ukutshala imbewu ye-dill ngoMeyi noma ngo-Ephreli... Konke kuncike ezimweni ezithile zesimo sezulu. Kulokhu, ama-grooves enziwe ngokujula okungekho ngaphezu kwama-20 mm.
Kumitha elilodwa lesikwele lomhlaba kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe cishe amagremu amabili embewu... Ngakho-ke, kufanele ube nezihlahlana ezingaba ngu-20, ubheke ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye 50-70 mm.
Imifino nayo ingatshalwa ngemigqa. Kepha kulokhu, kuzodingeka ukuthi uwagqobhe emasontweni amabili ngemuva kokuhluma. Izitshalo ezixhunyiwe akudingeki zilahlwe kude, zilungele ukufakelwa kwenye indawo njengezithombo.
IDill yisitshalo esingazweli emakhazeni. Uyaphila ukumelana namazinga okushisa kwehle kuye ku - 4 degrees UCelsius. Yingakho ingatshalwa emhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukushiya ngokushesha emva kokutshala
I-Dill, yize isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kepha ukuze uzuze isivuno esihle, udinga ukusinakekela:
- Kunconywa ukunisela imifino njengoba kudingeka, cishe, Izikhathi 1-2 ngesonto... Gcina inhlabathi imanzi futhi ingomi kakhulu.
- Umhlaba ume njalo khulula, ukugwema ukwakheka koqweqwe phansi kwesihlahla.
- Ukhula kufanele lukhishwe ngokushesha lapho luvela, ukuze lungaphazamisi ukukhula kohlobo oluhlaza.
- Imigqa ingcono ngezikhathi ezithile spud.
Imithetho ekhulayo emibhedeni
I-dill ekhulayo ensimini evulekile inezici zayo. Lapha udinga ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yomhlaba bese uyifaka umquba uma kunesidingo. Ngoba idile uthanda inhlabathi evundile.
Kulokhu, kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile ukukhanyisa indawo lapho kuzokhula khona uhlaza.
Ukulawulwa kokushisa nokukhanyisa
Yize i-dill ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphansi njengo -4 degrees Celsius, isathanda ukufudumala.
Ukuze izitshalo zikhule futhi kuvele amahlumela okuqala, kufanele kuhlinzekwe izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi + 3 + 5 degrees... Kepha kungcono uma kuthanda + 17 + 20 degrees... Emibhedeni emnyama, uzothola isivuno, kepha kuzothatha isikhathi esithe xaxa futhi umbala kungenzeka ungacebi kangako.
Imifino eminyene necebile yakhiwa emini ngamahora ayi-10-12, ngenkathi kutholakala imbewu ephezulu kakhulu, isikhathi kufanele sikhuliswe sibe ngamahora ayi-16 ngosuku.
Ukhula nokhukulula
Ukhula nokukhulula isiza somhlaba lapho kukhula khona idile kwenzeka njengoba kudingeka... Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuqumba inhlabathi nokuyixegisa njalo.
Ukungabikho kokhula kuzovumela ukuthi izihlahla zikhule ngokushesha, ngoba ngeke zikwazi ukuthatha izakhi zomhlabathi bese zenza mnyama izitshalo ezilinyiwe.
Umanyolo odingekayo esigabeni sokukhula esisebenzayo
Uma i-dill itshalwe enhlabathini evundile, ukusetshenziswa kokunye okwengeziwe komanyolo kungagwenywa. Lapho isiza somhlaba singenazo izimfanelo ezinjalo, udinga ukusebenzisa umanyolo.
Ngezitshalo zokugcina izithombo, kunconywa ukuthi uvuselele umhlabathi kabili ngenyanga. i-ammonium nitrate noma i-peatisakazeka phansi esihlahleni. Iqiniso lokuthi i-dill ayinayo i-nitrogen eyanele kuzocaca ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwephuzi emaqabungeni.
Uma sikhuluma ngokudla kokwindla kwenhlabathi ngomanyolo ophilayo, khona-ke kuyadingeka kuwo wonke amamitha wesikwele womhlaba cishe u-4 kg womquba noma u-5 kg womquba.
Ukuvuna
Ungakhetha imifino kukho konke ukukhula kwakhe... Kepha ngokuvuna nokugcina idill, kufanelekile ukukhetha isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwama-inflorescence. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphakama kwehlathi kufinyelela ku-0.3 m.
Isikhathi esikahle sokuvuna ekuseni ngakusasa ngemuva kokuphuma kwamazolo. Uma ukhetha imifino emini, lapho kushisa, amaqabunga emifino angathanda.
Ungatshala imifino zombili ezimweni zokushisa okushisayo nasensimini. Akukho mehluko othile kuleli cala, izidingo zihlala zinjalo. Kepha akunzima ukufeza. Inhlabathi evundile, ukukhanya okwanele nomswakama. Umzamo omncane futhi unikezwa imifino unyaka wonke.