Ukutshala amazambane akulula. Ukuthola isivuno esinothile, uzodinga ukwakheka okuhle ngokomzimba, ukunakekelwa okungapheli, nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela izifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zikwenza ucabange ngokukhetha okulungile kokunye noma okunye. Amazambane e-Aurora afanelekile ngisho nakwabalimi be-novice, izinhlobonhlobo zithela, azithobeki, zinokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, incazelo nezici zazo ezinikezwe kulokhu kubuyekezwa.
Mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Aurora
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Aurora zafakwa kwirejista yombuso ngo-2006. Kunconyelwe ukukhula endaweni engaba ingxenye yonke yaseYurophu yaseRussia.
Isici
Izihlahla zide, zinamandla, ngakho-ke zithola ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye zingadilika. Kudinga i-hilling njalo ukugcina amaqabunga... Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, ama-wavy emaphethelweni.
Izimbali zeCorollas zibomvu ngokunsomi, izimbali zihle, kepha zihlala isikhathi esifushane.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Amazambane e-Aurora ahlukahlukene maphakathi nesizini. Isikhathi esisukela ekutshaleni kuya ekuvuneni sincike esifundeni esikhulayo: ezifundeni eziseningizimu cishe izinsuku ezingama-70, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho isikhathi eside - izinsuku ezingama-90.
Inesitoreji esihle sezilimo eziyizigaxa. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyamelana nezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi amazambane nematode nomdlavuza wamazambane. Ukumelana nokulimala okwenzeka emuva kwesikhathi kumaphakathi.
Ngokuyinhloko, isisindo samazambane esisodwa singama-100-150 amagremu, kepha kukhona nezinkulu ezinkulu ezinesisindo esingu-300-500 amagremu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyi-beige entekenteke, enesimo se-oblong. Isikhumba sincane, sibushelelezi.
Amehlo mancane, awaqapheleki, awaphazamisi ukuxebuka amazambane. Ukuthengiseka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kuhle.
Ungapheka noma isiphi isidlo kusuka ezilwaneni eziyizigaxa, njengoba sinokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Kungenxa yokunambitheka kwayo ukuthi abalimi bavame ukuyikhetha.
Veza
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezikhiqizayo. Kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa, ungathola isivuno esilingana nama-quintals angama-300 amazambane. Kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa, kuvunwa izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyi-9 kuye kwezingu-20.
Izinzuzo
Izinhlobonhlobo zathola ukuthandwa kwayo ngenxa yezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- Kuhle kakhulu ukunambitheka
- Kuhle Veza
- Ukusimama ezifweni
- Muhle isimo sokumaketha
- Kuhle ukuphepha
Yokuntula
Akukho maphutha atholakele. Inkinga encane ukuthi kufanele ulinde ngaphambi kokudla amazambane amasha... Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, izinhlobo zakuqala zilungele kangcono. Kepha lokhu kuyinto encane nje engasho lutho, amazambane akhiqizayo akwa-Aurora azonikeza umndeni amazambane anephunga elimnandi, aqhephukayo ebusika bonke.
Ukubuyekezwa kwamazambane i-Aurora
Abalimi bamazambane nabalimi i-Aurora:
ULena, uKostroma.I-Aurora iyinhlobonhlobo enkulu. Muhle, esihlwabusayo, ongathinteki ezifweni. Hlala phansi, ngeke uzisole!
ULarisa, uNizhnevartovsk.Sengiyitshale iminyaka emithathu ilandelana, ngiyithanda kakhulu. Amazambane amnandi, abilisiwe kahle. Isitoreji sesikhathi eside.
UMaxim, uVoronezh.Sesihlwanyele iminyaka eminingana vele. Kwanele ukudla nokuthengisa. Amakhasimende athanda ukwakheka kwawo, ukubukeka okuhehayo nokunambitheka okuhle.
Ukukhula
I-Aurora akuyona into ehlekisayo, kepha ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela ethile ngokukhula okunethezekile.
Inqubo ekhula ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Ukulungiswa kwembewu kufanele kuqalwe inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngenxa yalokhu, izilimo eziyizigaxa zembewu zibekwa endaweni epholile futhi ekhanyayo.
Ukutshala, kuphela izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingonakalisiwe izifo ezinamahlumela anamandla.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi kuvame ukuqala ekwindla. Umquba ovuthiwe uyengezwa emhlabathini, umbiwe futhi ushiywe kuze kufike intwasahlobo... Akunandaba ukuthi ngabe inhlabathi ayizange ivundiswe ekwindla. Entwasahlobo, lapho kutshalwa khona, i-humus, umquba noma i-superphosphate ingangezwa emigodini.
Umquba omusha awunakusetshenziswa; kuzoholela ekwehleni kwesivuno ngenxa yokweqisa kwenhlabathi nge-nitrogen.
Ukujula kokutshala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kuncike esifundeni nasembusweni wokushisa. Isimo sezulu sifudumala, lapho izimbobo ziconsa zijula. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, ukujula komgodi kungu-13-15 cm, ezindaweni ezibandayo - 9-10 cm.
Izihlahla zinde, ziyasabalala, lapho kutshalwa, zenza ibanga eliphakathi kwamarowu amasentimitha angama-60-80. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zifakwa ngokucophelela emigodini ukuze zingalimazi amahlumela entekenteke futhi zimbozwe umhlaba ongu-10 cm.
Ukunakekela
Isethi enkulu yezinyathelo zokunakekelwa ifaka phakathi:
- Ukunisela
- Ukufaka intaba
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, izihlahla ziyaniselwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-6-7... Ukunisela akudingeki ngaphambi kokuhluma, ngoba umswakama wezilimo eziyizigaxa wanele ukuqala ukuhluma.
I-Aurora ithanda ukuchelela okuningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunisela ngamalitha ama-2-3 esihlahleni esisodwa... Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ukuchelela kufaneleka njalo ngesonto. Lapho amahlumela evela, ukuchelela kuyanda. Ukuthambisa inhlabathi ngobuningi lapho kwakhiwa izilimo eziyizigaxa kuzosiza ukukhulisa isivuno. Ngakho-ke, isivuno sikhuphuka ngesithathu.
Kungcono ukuqala ukuchelela kusihlwa lapho kushisa.
Kungcono ukugoqa i-Aurora ngangokunokwenzeka, izihlahla zidinga ukwesekwa. I-hilling yokuqala ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, okwesibili lapho isitshalo sifinyelela ku-15 cm.
Okuphakelwa okuhle kakhulu okokulahla oketshezi lwezinkukhu okubilisiwe. Futhi isebenzisa i-urea, i-saltpeter ukondla.
Ukwanda ngokweqile kukamanyolo we-nitrogen kuyalimaza isivuno; kusetshenziswa kuphela ngaphambi kokwakheka kwehlumela.
Ukumelana nezifo
I-Aurora inokumelana kahle nezifo.
Isitha esesabekayo samazambane singukulimaza sekwephuzilelapho i-Aurora ivikelwe ngokulingene. Amazambane avikelwe kahle kumdlavuza wamazambane kanye ne-nematode yegolide.
Uma unakekela amazambane, amanzi, ukugoqa, ukondla, ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe akudingeki.
Amalungiselelo okulwa nezinambuzane nezifo
- Izinambuzane zamazambane - I-Colorado amazambane beetle, ibhere. Ukulwa nazo, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa I-Confidor neMedvetox.
- Usizo oluvela ku-wireworm Udumo.
- Ukuvimbela ukubola okunsundu entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokutshala, izilimo eziyizigaxa ziphathwa ngomuthi Fundazol.
Ukuvuna
Ukuvuna kuqala izinyanga ezintathu emva kokutshala. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kufika ku-25 amazambane avela ehlathini elilodwa... Kungcono ukuqala ukuvuna esimweni sezulu esomile.
Amazambane avuniwe ahlungwa, akhethiwe agcinwa emabhokisini ngezinga lokushisa lama- +3 +5 degrees.
Amazambane we-Aurora asezingeni eliphansi afaneleka ngisho nakwabalimi abangenalwazi. Isivuno esikhulu nokunambitha izothokozisa labo abakhethe ukuhlukahluka kwe-Aurora.