Amagilebhisi aseLydia azuze uthando lwabalimi bewayini ngokunambitheka kwabo okuhlukile, ukukhululeka kokukhula nokunakekelwa nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zisetshenziselwa ukwenza iwayini elihle kakhulu ngokunambitheka okumnandi, kudliwe ijusi elisha, elikhanyiwe kanye nama-compotes aphekiwe nojamu. Futhi ngaphandle kukaLydia, iwayini lingatholakala ezinhlotsheni ezinhle kakhulu - iChardonnay neCabernet Sauvignon.
Incazelo nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi eLydia
Ake siqale ngokuchazwa kohlobo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivele ngenxa yemizamo yabalimi abafakela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-Vitis Vinifera ezingamelana nezifo zesikhunta kumagilebhisi asendle eVitis labrusca. Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela izinhlobo ezintsha zamagilebhisi, ezathola ukuthandwa ngokushesha eYurophu, eTranscaucasia.
Amagilebhisi amelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku -20 degrees futhi anokuzivikela okuqinile ezifweni zefungal. Kushiwo izinhlobo zaphakathi nonyaka. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo izinsuku eziyi-155-158. Isihlahla sikhula kakhulu, umvini ubomvu ngokukhanyayo. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, ahlinzekwe kancane, ohlangothini olubheke emuva lumbozwe ukukhanya kuzwile phansi. Isihlahla sinamahlumela ama-82% ezithelo, sinikeza amabhulashi ama-2 lilinye. Amabhulashi amancane avuthiwe, isisindo sebhulashi ngalinye ngama-100-110 amagremu.
Isimo sebhulashi siyi-cylindrical, ubukhulu bukhululekile. Amajikijolo anombala opinki-nsomi ngombala, anomumo oyindilinga oyindilinga. Ijikijolo ngalinye linesisindo esingu-3 kuye ku-4 amagremu. Amajikijolo anesici esimnandi sephunga lalezi zinhlobonhlobo. Amajikijolo anambitheka kamnandi nge-sitrobheli flavour. Isikhumba siqinile. Iqukethe ushukela ongu-18-19%.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinzuzo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo yilezi:
- isivuno esikhulu - amasenti ayi-120 ehektheleni ngalinye;
- ukuzitholela impova;
- amasosha omzimba aphezulu
- impahla yokumelana nesithwathwa;
- amajikijolo amelana nomswakama ophezulu;
- iyakwazi ukuthuthwa
- inzuzo emzimbeni womuntu.
Phakathi kokubi kokuhlukahluka kukhona:
- ukuntuleka kokuzivikela ekulimaleni yi-phylloxera;
- kokuqukethwe kwensimbi okuphansi emhlabathini, i-chlorosis iyakhula;
- kudinga ukusukela nokuncinza;
- uma kwenzeka kuvuna kungakafiki, kuthambekele ekuchithekeni
- ukulimaza umzimba ngenxa yokulungiswa okungafanele kwewayini.
Emazweni aseYurophu, ukukhiqizwa kwewayini kusuka kulezi zinhlobonhlobo akuvunyelwe. Uma inqubo yokuvutshelwa ingalandelwa, izithelo zikhipha izinto ezinobungozi, ngaphansi kwethonya lapho kuvela khona i-multiple sclerosis!
Izici ezikhulayo
Indawo yokutshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi kufanele ibe sohlangothini olunelanga, ngokulinganayo ikhanyiswe yimisebe evela kuzo zonke izinkomba. Isivini kumele sivikelwe emoyeni, njengoba ukubotshwa kwamajikijolo kubhulashi kubuthakathaka futhi kuvunguza nomoya onamandla kunganyakazisa amajikijolo avuthiwe. Inhlabathi yokukhula kufanele ilungele umoya nomswakama. Kodwa-ke, ukwenzeka kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kumele kube okungenani amamitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka ebusweni bomhlabathi. Ikhula kahle enhlabathini ye-chernozem ne-loamy.
Ukutshala kungenziwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukwindla kuyathandeka, ngoba ukukhetha kokutshala ekwindla kukhulu kakhulu, kepha izithombo zisengozini enkulu ebusika. Ukutshala entwasahlobo kuzovumela izithombo ukuthi zikhule ziqine futhi zithole amandla ebusika.
Imigodi yokutshala amagilebhisi kufanele ilungiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba kufanele ime amasonto ambalwa. Uma ukutshala kuyisentwasahlobo, khona-ke imigodi ingalungiswa ekwindla. Kuyadingeka ukumba umgodi ngobubanzi obungu-90 cm nokujula kwamasentimitha angama-90. Khetha inhlabathi emgodini bese uthele ubumba olwandisiwe ngezansi, udale ungqimba lwamanzi. Ukuze uthuthukise inhlabathi yamagilebhisi, kufanele ungeze kuyo:
- isihlabathi somfula esihlungiwe (uma kunesidingo);
- humus;
- umlotha;
- i-potassium;
- i-phosphorus;
- insimbi.
Hlanganisa zonke izinto kahle nomhlabathi, uthele emigodini bese ushiya kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, inhlabathi izoba nesikhathi sokuhlala kahle.
Isithombo singcwatshwa enhlabathini kuze kufike kukhola wezimpande. Kufanele ihlale ngaphezulu. Umhlabathi unyathelwa phansi ngokucophelela, uniselwa kahle futhi ugcwele mulched. Utshani, sawdust, noma izinaliti zikaphayini zisebenza kahle ekubambeni.
Ukuchelela njalo kuyadingeka phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala. ULidiya uthanda umswakama, kepha akufanele ume ndawonye. Ngemuva kokuchelela, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi kahle.
Ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi
Omunye wemisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi uyajaha. Le nqubo iqukethe ukususwa kwengxenye ephezulu yamahlumela kuze kufike ku-30 cm, lapho kukhona khona amaqabunga ayi-6-8 angakakhiwa kuwo. Imali edingekayo ye:
- ukuqinisekisa ukungena kahle kokukhanya nomoya ezihlahleni, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ubungozi bezifo;
- ukwabiwa kabusha kwezakhi kusuka kumahlumela kuya ezithelweni;
- ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwemivini namajikijolo;
- ukwandisa isivuno;
- ukumiswa kokukhula kwamahlumela amancane.
Ngezinhlobonhlobo zikaLydia, isikhathi esihle sokudweba ngu-Agasti.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ngesikhathi sokudweba ehlathini kunenqubo engokwemvelo yokunciphisa ukukhula kumahlumela.
Amaphutha ekudwebeni
Amaphutha ajwayelekile kakhulu ekudwebeni:
- Ukujaha, okwenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, esigabeni sokuthuthuka kwamahlumela kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi kukhona ukusatshalaliswa okungalungile kwezakhi. Amahlumela amasha aqala ukuvela adinga ukuphulwa, ngoba lokhu kuzokwandisa umthwalo ehlathini. Kulokhu, umvini ngeke uqiniswe ngokwanele, okuzophazamisa kabi ubusika besitshalo.
Omunye umphumela omubi wokuqanjwa kokuqala ukuvuka kwezithelo ezigcinwe kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo. Esikhundleni sokulungiselela ubusika, ziqala ukuqhakaza.
- Ukujaha okwenziwe emuva kwesikhathi kunesikhathi esidingekayo ngeke kube nomphumela, ngoba isihlahla sizobhekana nomsebenzi wokusabalalisa kabusha izakhi ngalo mzuzu sisodwa, simise inqubo yokuvuthwa kwamahlumela amasha.
- Ukujaha okungaphelele lapho ama-30 cm wemivini namaqabunga kungasusiwe kuzoholela eqinisweni lokuthi amaqabunga aqhubeka nokukhula futhi athatha izakhi zomzimba.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha
Indlela elula nejwayeleke kakhulu yokutshala ukutshala izithombo. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesitokisi sesihlahla esidala, kungcono ukugoma. Ukuze ugome, kufanele uqale ulungiselele ukusika ngokusika kusihlumela sesihlahla salolu hlobo, ushiye amehlo amathathu kuso.
Kuze kube sentwasahlobo, isiqu sigcinwa esihlabathini. Izinga lokushisa endaweni yokugcina akufanele lidlule +12 degrees. Ngaphambi kokuxhunyelelwa, kuyadingeka ukusika ingxenye engezansi yokusika. Ingxenye engenhla kumele ivalwe ngophalafini ukuze isiqu silahlekelwe umswakama omncane futhi kube lula ukumelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ingxenye engezansi kufanele ifakwe ku-stimulator yokukhula kwezimpande.
Isitoko silungiswa ngokususa isihlahla esidala, kushiye isiphunzi esifushane esingu-5-8 cm.
Ungahlukanisa isitoko kuphela ngemuva kokuhlanzwa kwesiza esisusiwe futhi yonke imfucumfucu isusiwe. Kusikwa imbobo phakathi nendawo, futhi ukusika kufakwa esilinganisweni ngengxenye esikiwe. Isiqu siboshwa yisitoko. Indawo yokugomela kufanele iqiniswe ngendaba, ezobola ngonyaka. Ukugcina umswakama isikhathi eside, kuyadingeka ukumboza indawo yokuxhunyelelwa ngobumba bese uyinamanzisa kakhulu. Bamba up bese ulungisa inhlabathi uzungeze.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izithelo zomvini zikaLydia zithambekele ezifweni ezinjalo:
- i-anthracosis - isifo sesikhunta esivezwa ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama emaqabunga, imivini, amahlumela. Lesi sifo siqeda umvini. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngenhlabathi nembewu. Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, izindawo ezilimele ziyasuswa futhi zishiswe. Umvini uphathwa nge-Bordeaux liquid;
- ukubola okumpunga - isifo sefungal esithinta wonke umvini. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokungatholakali kahle komoya lapho utshala uqina, noma ngomswakama omningi. Uma uthelelekile, kunconywa ukuphatha isihlahla ngeRonilan.
Izinambuzane ezinhlobonhlobo zeLydia zifaka:
- isicabucabu - konakalisa amahlamvu futhi kubangele ukuwa. Kunconywa ukuthi ufafaze izihlahla nenhlabathi nge-DNOC;
- umqulu wamaqabunga - isibungu esidla izithelo namaqabunga, ngenxa yalokho izithelo zibola esimweni sezulu esimanzi. Uma kutholakala, inhlabathi nezihlahla ziphathwa ngomuthi "DNOC";
- phylloxera - isinambuzane esithinta impande yesitshalo, kwesinye isikhathi namaqabunga. Ukulwa nalesi sinambuzane, ukwelashwa ngeConidora kuyadingeka. Vala inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla ngesihlabathi esihle.
Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi eLydia zithandwa kakhulu eningizimu ye-Ukraine, iRussia neMoldova. Wayethandwa ngokulula kokunakekelwa, ukunambitheka okuhle nokubukeka okuhle kokuhlobisa. Zama ukukhulisa lokhu kuhlukahluka kusayithi lakho, futhi uzonikezwa iwayini elihle kakhulu, ama-compotes amnandi, ijusi nojamu. Ungaphatha futhi izivakashi zakho kunqwaba enamakha yamagilebhisi amasha.