Indlela kaGalina Kizima ukuthi asikho isidingo sokumba umhlabathi, futhi utshala amazambane enqwabeni yomquba ngaphezu kwezilimo eziyizigaxa futhi uzokhula amazambane amaningi anempilo.
Ngubani uGalina Kizima nokuthi kungani indlela yakhe ithandwa kangaka
UGalina Kizima ubhale izincwadi eziningi zokuthi ungazitshala kanjani izitshalo ezahlukahlukene. UGalina Kizima ngendlela yakhe wacabangela izici zokukhula kwamazambanengokuya ngesipiliyoni sethu samazambane akhulayo kumahektare ayisithupha.
Ingqikithi ejwayelekile yobuchwepheshe
Ingqikithi yendlela yokutshala yaseKizima ukuthi amazambane awatshalwa ngokwesiko enhlabathini, kodwa ebekwe emaphethelweni, ngaphandle kokumba, bese embozwa ngotshani futhi lonke ihlobo ngokhula oluhluthulwe, kepha ngaphandle kokumboza iziqu ezikhulayo zamazambane uqobo.
Okusho ukuthi, wena, ngaphandle kokumba imibhede futhi ngaphandle kokunisela amazambane, ngenxa yalokho, uzokwazi ukukhula futhi uqoqe isivuno esihle kakhulu.
Ungatshala kanjani futhi utshale amazambane ngokwendlela yeKizima
Ukulungiselela izinto zokutshala
Khetha izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinempilo ezicishe zilingane namaqanda azalelwa yisikhukhukazi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziqala ukulungiselela Izinyanga eziyi-1-1.5 ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ziyagezwa, zifakwe esitsheni, zigcwaliswe ngamanzi ahlanzekile lapho kushisa +45 degrees, bese ushiya aze aphole amanzi. Bahlanza i-potassium permanganate futhi bayithele kancane kancane emgodini, bahlanganise kahle amanzi ne-potassium permanganate, amanzi kufanele aphenduke abomvana.
Bese uhamba imizuzu engu-15., khama amanzi, ugeze amazambane, womile. Le nqubo isusa amabhaktheriya namagciwane esikhunjeni.
Noma shintsha i-potassium permanganate ngesisombululo seFitosporin, uxube ingxenye encane yeFitosporin emanzini ukuze isixazululo sicace bha. Thela i-Fitosporin ehlanjululwe emgodini onezilimo eziyizigaxa namanzi, shiya imizuzu engama-30., ngemuva kokoma amazambane, kulokhu akudingeki ukuthi agezwe ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Kufakwa izilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga amasonto ama-3ukuziguqula zibe luhlaza. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzobonakala ushevu wazo ongaphansi kwesikhumba - i-solanine, nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngeke zibe nentshisekelo kumagundane, kwizidleke, noma kwezinye izinambuzane.
Ungafaka izilimo eziyizigaxa kwizimbiza zengilazi bese uzibeka efasiteleni, uphendule izimbiza ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile. Noma ungabeka iphephandaba efasiteleni bese ufaka izilimo eziyizigaxa kulo.
Amazambane aqhubekayo zihlume, zifakwa ebhokisini lamakhadibhodi, lapho zihlumela khona ebumnyameni futhi zifudumele.
Zibeke kusendlalelo esisodwa ebhokisini lekhadibhodi ukuze zingalali ziseduze, zimboze ngamaphephandaba ngaphezulu bese zifaka olunye ungqimba kuzo, bese kuba amaphephandaba nohlaka lwesithathu lwamazambane. Vala ibhokisi bese ulibeka esitulweni eduze nebhethri. Kuthatha cishe amasonto ama-2-3 ukuthi amehlo akhule aqhume ama-4-5 cm ubude.
Amazambane atshalwa ngokushesha nje lapho inyoni ichuma.
Inqubo ngesinyathelo yokutshala amazambane
Kuyaziwa ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa azikhuli kuma-rhizomes, kepha kumahlumela atholakala phezulu akhula ngaphansi kweziqu, abizwa ngokuthi ama-stolons. Izitofu azidingi inhlabathi, zidinga ukuba mnyama.
Akunasidingo sokumba inhlabathi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziqhume isakazeke enhlabathini engashadile ngqo okhuleni.
- Yenza imigqa emi-2, ugcine ibanga phakathi kwabo ngo-0.4-0.5 m, asakaze amazambane, ahlehle 20-25 cm.
- Shiya kungenalutho ku-0.2-0.25 m kusuka kulowo nalowo mugqa kuya ephaseji. Okusho ukuthi, ububanzi bemibhede kufanele bube ngu-0.8-1 m, futhi benze ubude obufunayo. Ku-1 m, uzoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezi-4 kulayini owodwa nenombolo efanayo komunye.
- Uma unezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane kunosayizi weqanda lenkukhu, bese uzibeka endaweni eyodwa 2-3 ngayinye noma uzoba neziqu ezimbalwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke uzobe uvuna okuncane.
- Ungafaki izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkudlwana kunosayizi weqanda lesikhukhukazi, ngoba uma kungenjalo uzokhula ingxenye yomhlabathi, futhi uhlelo lwempande luzokhula kabi. Ngenxa yalokhu, amazambane amakhulu usike kanyeukuze kube nenani elifanayo lamahlumela kuhafu ngamunye. Bayeke balale izinsuku ezi-2, bese izingcezu zizoma, ngemuva kwezingcezu, impuphu nomlotha ukuze amagciwane angangeni kuzo, bese utshala.
- Lapho isibalo seziqu samazambane sanda, isivuno siba maningi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuba nenani elikhulu lamahlumela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwelinye amazambane Izinsuku eziyi-7 ngaphambi kokutshala, isiphambano esijulile esinqunyiwe ngommese siyadingeka noma ucwecwe ikhasi maphakathi neshubhu ngomugqa omncane ohlangothini olunqamulelayo. Ngemuva kwalokho amahlumela azohluma ezansi kwamazambane bese kuvela iziqu eziningi.
Imigqa kufanele ikhanyiswe yimisebe yelanga usuku lonke, noma amazambane azokhula eziqongweni ezinkulu nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane.
Ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nendawo, beka izinhlobo ezaqala ngqa emgqeni owodwa naphakathi nesizini kwenye. Futhi enyakatho, tshala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zakuqala kanye naphakathi kwasekuqaleni.
Ukunakekelwa kwamazambane
Okuyinhloko - vikela imibhede ekubuyeni kweqhwa... Ngenxa yalokhu, vala amazambane ngotshani, kodwa hhayi utshani. Ngeke ikwenze ngoba iheha amagundane. Ungamboza amaqolo ngamaqabunga awile awile. Uma ungenakho kwalokhu, bese umboza ngamaphephandaba noma iphepha lokugoqa, ngemuva kokulisika libe yizicucu, uligoqe. Akunasidingo sokumboza isikhala somugqa.
Ukuze konke lokhu kumboze insimu kungasakazeki, beka ama-spunboid noma izikhwama ngaphezulu... Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ifilimu, ngoba ngaphansi kwayo ukutshala nokhula kuzoqala ukubola.
Lapho isithwathwa esibuyayo sesiphelile, susa i-spanboid bese ubeka embhedeni wengadi zonke lezo zinto owenza kuzo inqwaba yomquba: ukhula, utshani. Beka ku-hay noma emaphephandabeni, kodwa hhayi kumahlumela amazambane. Yenza lokhu lonke ihlobo spud amahlumela amancane amazambane hhayi ngenhlabathi, kepha ngotshani obugundiwe.
Kepha khumbula ukuthi lapho kushisa kakhulu, umquba uzohlala, futhi amaqhubu amancane angavela ekukhanyeni abe luhlaza. Ngakho-ke, vala izilimo eziyizigaxa ngotshani.
Ngakho-ke, awufaki umanyolo wamaminerali nomquba, ungamanzisi ukutshala, ngoba umquba ovela kukhula ungamanzi angama-80%, futhi lapho ebola, uyadedelwa bese wehlela ohlelweni lwempande lwamazambane.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukhula olulele ngaphansi kwezitshalo alukhuli, kepha luyafa, ngoba alukhanyiswa yimisebe yelanga. Lapho amazambane eqhakaza, izilimo eziyizigaxa zizoqala ukukhula eziteshini. Sika izimbali, ngoba kuthatha amandla amaningi ukuzikhulisa futhi ngemuva kokusika amazambane kuzosebenzisa wonke amandla awo ukwakha izilimo eziyizigaxa.
Uma insimu yakho yokutshala inkulu kakhulu, mane nje usike izihloko zezihlahlalapho nje amahlathi evala. Ngakho-ke iziqongo zakho ngeke zikhule ngobude futhi kwakhiwa izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyi-2-3 ezingeziwe.
Uzovuna kanjani futhi nini
Shiya i-inflorescence eyodwa ehlathini kuyo yomibili imigqa. Lapho izimbali ziqala ukubuna, ungaqala ke ukuvuna.
Mane uhambise umquba bese thatha amazambane amakhulubese ubuyisela umquba ngokucophelela. Ngaleli qoqo, ama-stolon ngeke alimale futhi azoqala ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa eziningi.
Lapho uqoqe wonke amazambane emugqeni wokuqala, bese usakaza iziqongo ukuze zome. Ngokuvamile, akukhuthazwa ukubeka iziqongo zotamatisi namazambane emgqonyeni womquba, ngoba uqukethe inyama yenkomo ekhonjiwe, kodwa inyama yenkomo ekhonjiwe izowa kusukela emisebeni yelanga, imvula nomoya. Shiya konke ebusika.
Umquba ongavuthiwe unezici ezine-esidi encane noma ene-asidi; uma ushisa kakhulu, awathathi hlangothi. Kepha amazambane angatshalwa enhlabathini ene-esidi encane noma ene-asidi.