I-Colorado potato beetle iyilungu lomndeni webhungane lamaqabunga. I-Colorado amazambane mabhungane adla izitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezinjengamazambane, upelepele wensimbi, utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda nezinye eziningi. Lezi zinambuzane ziyizinambuzane eziyingozi. Ukubukeka kusayithi kugcwele ukubhujiswa kwezitshalo eziningi nezinkinga ezalandela.
Ulwazi oluvamile
I-Colorado amazambane beetle - isilokazane esesabekayo... Inzima kakhulu futhi inani labantu bayo kunzima kakhulu ukulilawula ngenxa yokuzala okusheshayo kwabantu kanye nenani lamaqanda abekwa insikazi. Izinambuzane ezilethwe ezivela eNyakatho Melika zizuze idumela njengombulali wangempela wezitshalo.
Naphezu kwakho konke, umuntu angalwa futhi kufanele alwe nakho. Uma umshiya yedwa futhi ungathathi zinyathelo, lapho-ke ungasala ungenaso isivuno.
Yimuphi umonakalo owenzayo
Isinambuzane nezibungu zaso zinamandla kakhulu.
Bathola igama elithi "leaf beetle" ngenxa yothando lwabo lokudla amaqabunga ezitshalo. Uhlu lokudla lubandakanya: amazambane, utamatisi nezinye izitshalo, bangadla nezinye izimbali, isibonelo, ugwayi, i-petunia.
Ibhungane livame ukwenqaba izithelo nezimpande zesitshalo, ngoba siyadla ngokwemvelo yaso phezulu kuphela namaqabunga... Kepha nemvelo kwesinye isikhathi iyakhohlisa, ngaphandle kwalokho akunakwenzeka ukuchaza iqiniso lokuthi abanye abamele abenqabi izithelo namahlumela amancane.
Izibungu zinamandla kakhulu kunabantu abadala... Bangakwazi ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele wonke amahlumela. Lapho wonke amaqabunga edliwe futhi kungekho amaqabunga aphelele, aya kudla uginindela weqabunga, lokhu kuholela ekubhujisweni okuphelele kwesitshalo.
Abantu abasemhlabathini badla izilimo eziyizigaxa. Amazambane ayenqaba ukukhula, futhi ekugcineni aletha isivuno esincane, noma lutho nhlobo.
Ivelaphi
Uphuma kuphi? Izwe lakubo - enyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico. Uqale ukutholakala ngemuva kokuvela nokucekela phansi amasimu eColorado. Futhi enyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico, abanye abameleli bomndeni wamaqabunga be-beetle bahlala, bedla izitshalo zasendle.
Umlando
Uhambile kusuka enyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico maphakathi nezwe laseNyakatho Melika... Sebefikile e-United States of America, izinambuzane zachitha amasimu amazambane eColorado. Kusuka egameni lombuso, lapho baqala khona ukufunda ngamabhungane, lesi silokazane saqanjwa ngokuthi "i-Colorado beetle".
Izigaba zentuthuko
Ngesikhathi sasebusika, lesi sinambuzane sikwazi ukuhlala ekujuleni kwengxenye yemitha ngaphansi komhlaba, lapho abantu bezilalisa khona.
Lapho nje sekuncibilika umhlanga, amabhungane aphumela ngaphandle ayofuna ukudla. Ukulwa kwabo kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi baphuma emhlabathini isikhathi eside, inqubo ithatha inyanga eyodwa kuya kweziningana.
Sekukonke, lesi sinambuzane sinezigaba ezine zokuthuthuka:
- Iqanda... Izinambuzane zishiya amaqanda azo emaqabungeni. Njengomthetho, insikazi ibeka cishe izingcezu eziyinkulungwane zamaqanda, ezinama-oval ngesimo futhi acishe abe ngamamilimitha amabili ngosayizi. Kungaba sesigabeni samaqanda kusuka ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kuya kweziyishumi nesikhombisa, kuya ngezimo zangaphandle. Ngalesi sikhathi, abantu bathola ithoni emnyama.
- Isibungu... Isibungu esisanda kuchamuselwa eqandeni, naso, sifaka phakathi izigaba ezine zokukhula.
Vuliwe isigaba sokuqala kuguquka kube mpunga. Isibungu singamamilimitha amabili nohhafu ngosayizi. Usebenzisa uginindela onamaqabunga njengokudla.
Isigaba sesibili kubangelwe ukwanda ngosayizi waba ngamamilimitha amane nohhafu nokushintsha kombala kube bomvu. Ngesikhathi okwesithathu - ngamamilimitha ayisishiyagalolunye, isibungu naso sithola umbala ophuzi ophuzi.
Vuliwe isigaba sokugcina lesi sibonelo sinombala osawolintshi futhi sinomzimba wamamilimitha ayishumi nesithupha.
Kungani isibungu siyingozi?
Isibungu siba namandla kakhulu kunabantu abadala.
Uyakwazi ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele wonke amaqabunga amazambane, futhi lapho amaqabunga esehambile, uzoqala ukondla uginindela. Isiko liyama ekukhuleni kwalo, ngakho-ke, isitshalo ngeke sisakhula. Umuntu osebenza engadini angahlala nesivuno esincane, noma angatholi ngisho nelilodwa izambane ehlathini.
- Chrysalis... Isibungu sisuka eqabungeni lamazambane bese siya ngaphansi komhlaba ukuze siphume. Isikhathi sesigaba sokuguqulwa cishe amasonto amathathu, futhi kuye ngezimo. Lesi sinambuzane sishintsha umbala waso sibe ophuzi ngokusawolintshi.
- isinambuzane... Ukhasa aphume endaweni yokuboshwa kwakhe, okungukuthi isiphungumangathi, bese eqala ukudla amaqabunga amazambane. Umuntu omncane unombala okhanyayo we-orange.
Zonke lezi zigaba zibalulekile ekukhuleni okugcwele komuntu ngamunye. Ukuthuthuka okulula, isigaba ngasinye sithatha isikhathi esithile.
Kubukeka kanjani
Isilinganiso sobude bezinambuzane amamilimitha ayishumi nambilinobubanzi ngu amamilimitha ayisishiyagalombili... Kubukeka sengathi ibhungane eliphuzi eliphuzi.
Abantu abadala banamaphiko amancane ane-webbed, ngosizo lwabo abahamba ngalo. I-elytra ngayinye inemivimbo emihlanu emnyama.
Zingaki izimpilo
Ngokuvamile abameleli bezinhlobo baphila unyaka owodwakepha abanye bayakwazi ukuphila iminyaka emi-2 noma emi-3.
Okuphawuleka ngekhono layo awela diapause (ngosizo lwaleli khono, ibhungane lamazambane laseColorado libambezela imetabolism yalo, ngamanye amazwi, imetabolism, eliyivumela ukuthi ihlale ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside. Njengomthetho, ikhono lisetshenziselwa ukusinda ebusika, noma unyaka ompofu wokudla).
Yimaphi amabhungane afana neColorado
Zibukeka njenge-Colorado amazambane beetle:
- Ibhungane Likazambane Eliluhlaza likaHaldman
- Amazambane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Amazambane abomvu
- Texas amazambane mbumbulu
Kwasakazwa kanjani
Njengoba kwakushiwo, Izwe Lasekhaya lisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico. Ukusuka lapha, abantu babhekisa amabombo enyakatho, lapho badla khona amasimu amazambane ezifundazweni eziningi zaseMelika. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, abameleli bezinhlobo bazinzile kule ndawo.
Lapho uhambisa izimpahla kusukela eNew World kuya e-Old Colorado mabhungane afakwa eYurophu. Balwa nabo ngempumelelo, kepha ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala bakwazile ukuzinza emikhakheni yaseFrance, futhi ukusuka lapho badlulela phambili baya eYurophu, behamba ngosizo lwezinqola zamabhokisi.
Lapho ilala khona
Lapho isimo sezulu esibandayo singena, abamele izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo umgodi ungene ekujuleni kwesigamu semitha futhi badlula ngempumelelo lapho. "Zimbiwe" ngesikhathi sokuncibilika. Ebusika, amanye amabhungane ayafa, kodwa iningi lawo liyasinda.
Yanda kanjani
Njengomthetho, abantu bazala kabusha ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuxhuma, nasentwasahlobo. Insikazi ingabeka amaqanda acishe abe yinkulungwane ku-clutch eyodwa. Ukubeka kuqala ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemuva kokukhwelana. Ukukhwelana kwenzeka esimweni sezulu esibalele, ikakhulukazi emini.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Lapho isinambuzane sizwa ingozi, asindizi, siwela phansi sizenze ngathi sifile.
- Umuntu lapho kukhona umoya uyakwazi ukusheshisa afike kumakhilomitha ayisikhombisa ngehora.
- Ubuthi bunqwabelana ebusweni bomzimba wesinambuzane, okwenza bungabi namandla okuhlasela ezinye izinambuzane.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-Colorado amazambane beetle
I-Chemistry
Izinambuzane zilwa ngosizo lwamakhemikhali amaningi. Njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa ama-insecticide, ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili:
- Yimaphi amazambane acutshungulwayo ngesikhathi sokufika (umenzeli wokugqoka amazambane) - "Prestige", "Matador Super", "Emperor".
- Ngaluphi ukucubungula okwenziwayo ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukukhula kwezitshalo - "Aktara VDG", "Aktellik".
Amakhambi abantu
Ukususa ibhungane, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zabantu. Azisebenzi njengokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali, kepha zisengasiza umlimi wensimu.
Uhlu lwezindlela zabantu zokulwa nebhungane lubandakanya:
- Izitshalo zothuli ngomlotha
- Ukuthulisa ngofulawa wommbila
- Ukususa uthuli ngosimende noma ukhonkolo
- Ukusabalalisa i-sawdust phakathi kwemigqa
- Ukufafaza nge-infusions ye-herbal kanye ne-decoctions
- Ukutshala izitshalo ezixoshiwe ezinuka kabi i-Colorado amazambane beetle
Izindlela zendabuko zingasiza kakhulu ekulweni nezinambuzane.
Izitha zemvelo
Phakathi kwabasindisi bensimu kusuka ezibungu kufanele babhalwe:
- Amabhungane aphansi
- I-Lacewing
- I-Skvortsov
- Izibungu ezidlayo
- Izintombi Zentokazi
- Izinyoni zaseGuinea
- Ungaqeqesha futhi ama-turkeys ukuthi adle abantu abadala.
- Izintombi zokuthandaza
Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ibhungane okwazi ukuzibulala, hhayi ngaphandle kosizo lwabalimi, yebo. Umzimba we-Colorado amazambane beetle uqukethe ubuthi obungabulala umninikhaya. Kuyadingeka ukubeka amabhungane kwesinye isitsha esigcwele amanzi bese ushiya lapho. Ubuthi buzoncibilika bubulale izimbungulu.
Ukuvimbela ukubukeka
Abalimi abaningi bathi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubonakala kwenqwaba yamabhungane amazambane aseColorado esizeni, kuyadingeka bamba umhlabathi ngesikhathi esifanele, lapho kukhona khona abantu, bese uqoqa amabhungane, asesimweni sokudonswa kwezinwele, ahlanze izitshalo ngesikhathi, futhi, aqoqe amabhungane ngezandla zakho.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukusebenzisa izindlela zesintu zokulwa nebhungane, noma izindlela zamakhemikhali, kepha abalimi abamelene nokuphatha izitshalo nganoma yini, bethi konke kugcina kumazambane, esiwadlayo. Kungenzeka baqinisile.