INitrofoska ingukudla kwezitshalo okuthandwa kakhulu. Kuyinhlanganisela (amafutha) enitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus, amaminerali abalulekile kuzo zonke izitshalo. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-nitrophoska kuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi futhi kukhuphule umkhiqizo wezithelo nezitshalo zemifino. Ngakho-ke, la mafutha abalulekile ekukhuleni utamatisi.
Ukwakhiwa nenhloso yesidakamizwa i-Nitrofoska
INitrofoska ingumanyolo olinganiselayo wamaminerali oyimbudumbudu. Iqukethe i-nitrogen (N), i-potassium (K), i-phosphorus (P) ngesimo sikasawoti esabelana ngokulingana 16:16:16... Lawa usawoti: i-ammonium nitrate, i-ammophos, i-potassium nitrate, i-superphosphate, i-ammonium chloride.
Lokhu kwakhiwa kufanelekile ukondla zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo.
I-nitrogen kudingeka izitshalo ukwakha uhlaza oluhlaza. Kuyinto ebalulekile yenqubo ye-photosynthesis. Awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwawo lapho ukhula izithombo zamakhukhamba notamatisi.
Potassium kuthinta ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo, izithelo, imifino, utamatisi, kusheshisa ukuhlanganiswa koshukela.
I-Phosphorus kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezimpande eziqinile, ukuthola izithelo ezingcono. Ngokuvamile, iqala zonke izinqubo zesitshalo.
Ngokungeziwe ekwakhiweni okudala okuyi-16: 16: 16, kunezinhlobo eziningana zale ndlela yokugqoka ephezulu enezengezo:
- I-nitrophoska yesulfuric... I-Sulphur (S) ingeziwe ekwakhiweni. Kunconywa ukondla utamatisi namakhukhamba, iklabishi nesinaphi.
- I-nitrophoska eshubile... I-calcium (Ca) yengezwa enhlanganisweni yayo, ethuthukisa umbala, ithuthukisa ukugqama kwamaqabunga. Isetshenziselwa izitshalo ezinamahlamvu okuhlobisa.
- I-phosphorite nitrophoska... Iqukethe ukuhlushwa okwengeziwe kwe-phosphorus. Kuyadingeka ngokuyinhloko ukuthi imifino ibambe i-fiber. Ngenxa ye-phosphorus, ungathola isivuno esinempilo ngezithelo eziqinile ezizogcina kahle.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izinzuzo:
- elula ukucebisa inhlabathi lapho kumbiwasibonga ama-granules amakhulu;
- ukwakheka okulinganiselayo kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni, kungasetshenziselwa noma yisiphi isivuno kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula;
- ngesingeniso esifanele ayinikeli ekuqongeleleni ama-nitrate;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho komanyolo ngenxa yokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwezinto ekubunjweni;
- ikhono le-nitrogen ne-potassium lokuncibilika ngokuphelele emanzini;
- amaphesenti amakhulu okubola kwezakhi ezisenhlabathini;
- kalula futhi ngokushesha amuncwe izimpande izithombo lapho zifakwa emhlabathini;
- ingasetshenziswa kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi, okuyi-sandy, acidic, neutral;
- okuqukethwe i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus ngamanani alinganayo ku-granule ngayinye;
- ukwakheka kugcina ukugeleza isikhathi eside, akuqubuki.
Okubi:
- i-nitrogen ekubunjweni ihwamuka ngokushesha lapho iphakethe livulwa;
- Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, ukugxila kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus kulo manyolo ngeke kwanele imifino nezithelo zezithelo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi usebenzise ingxube ye-potassium-phosphorus.
Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa komanyolo endle
Zonke izitshalo zingondliwa nge-nitrophosphate.
Ngokuya ngemiyalo, ingasetshenziswa enhlabathini eyomile noma ewuketshezi... Ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo. Kunconywa futhi ukwethula i-nitrophoska emhlabathini ngaphambi kokumba ekwindla nasentwasahlobo.
Ngezihlahla zabantu abadala, izihlahla, ukufaka isicelo esomile se-nitrophoska enhlabathini ngokuxuba kuyanconywa. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo. I-nitrogen engxenyeni iyahwamuka ngokushesha futhi ikhukhulwe ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ebusika. Cabanga ngezici zokugqoka okuphezulu kwezinye izitshalo.
Okotamatisi
Utamatisi kungcono ukusebenzisa i-phosphorus nitrophosphate. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kokuqala ukufaka isicelo esomile emgodini lapho utshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Izinga lokufaka isicelo - Isipuni esingu-1 emthonjeni ngamunye... Nisela isihlahla ngasinye ngomanyolo ohlanjululwe - 5g ilitha elilodwa lamanzi.
Ukuphakelwa kwesibili kunconyiwe ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Hlela okuphakelayo kwesithathu ngesikhathi sokufufusa. Amanani okufaka izicelo ayafana.
Ukhukhamba
Kunconyelwe ukhukhamba i-nitrophosphate yesulfuric... Kubo, lo manyolo udingeka uhhafu njengotamatisi.
Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwesihlahla esisodwa - 1 ithisipuni umanyolo owomile noma 3g ilitha ngalinye lamanzi... Isikhathi sokudla kulapho utshala khona izithombo enhlabathini, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nalapho izithelo zisethwe ngezinga elikhulu.
Amazambane
Kumazambane, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-phosphoric nitrophosphate lapho umba inhlabathi ekwindla. Izinga lokusetshenziswa - 35g ngesikwele m. Uma ufaka umanyolo emgodini, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa ngu 5g ngefossa ngayinye.
Izinhlayiya zomanyolo kumele zixutshwe kahle nomhlabathi ukuze zingahlangani nezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane.
Amajikijolo nezitshalo eziqhakazayo
Ngama-strawberry, ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, kufanele wenze 40 - 45g emgodini ngamunye wokufika. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okulandelayo kuyadingeka ngemuva kwesivuno sokuqala. Isipuni esingu-1 udinga ukungcola ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese uthele izihlahla ze-sitrobheli ngaphansi kwempande.
Ngezitshalo eziqhakazayo nezokuhlobisa, sebenzisa i-sulfate nitrophosphateequkethe i-calcium. Lezi zitshalo zivundiswa izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngesizini ngayinye ngesisombululo esenziwe ngomumo esisekelwe 30 amagremu ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Uma ufaka i-nitrophoska emgodini wokutshala ngendlela eyomile, kufanele hlanganisa kahle nomhlaba... Futhi kuphela lapho cwilisa nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ama, cuttings nge uhlelo izimpande evulekile emgodini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kushiswe futhi konakaliswe izinto zokutshala.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho wethula iNitroammofoska
Kushiwo izinto ezivuthayo neziqhumayo... Ngakho-ke, ungagcini noma usebenze ngomanyolo eduze kwamalangabi avulekile.
Gcina umkhiqizo lapho izingane nezilwane bengenakufinyelela kuwo, nomswakama wegumbi hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-50%... Lapho usebenza nomuthi, gqoka imaski, amagilavu enjoloba... Ngemuva kokuthinta umanyolo, geza zonke izingxenye zomzimba ngensipho namanzi.
Uma umanyolo ungena esiswini ngengozi, phuza amanzi, yenza ukuhlanza futhi uthathe amalahle acushiwe. Shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha.
Ngingasebenzisa nezinye izidakamizwa
- iyahambisana ne-ammonium sulfate, i-ammophos, i-ammonium nitrate, i-calcium ne-potassium nitrate;
- ayihambisani nomlotha nomanyolo ophilayo, ubulongwe bezinkukhu, umquba kanye nenhlanganisela yaseBordeaux.
Ingxube yeBordeaux akumele ixutshwe nganoma iziphi izidakamizwa nomanyolo. Imvelo ene-alikhali yomthombo weBordeaux konakalisa zonke izakhiwo eziwusizo zemithi.
Ngakho-ke, i-nitroammophoska ne-nitrophoska zingumanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi onokwakheka okulinganiselayo. Iyakwazi ukwanelisa cishe ngokuphelele isidingo semifino, izihlahla nezimbali ekutholeni izinto ezidingekayo ngenkathi yokukhula, ukuqhakaza, ukuthela izithelo. Kusengubo yokugqoka ephezulu ethandwa kakhulu ngabalimi abazimele namapulazi amakhulu.