Amagilebhisi ekhadinali atholakala cishe kuzo zonke izingcezu zasekhaya eRussia. Abalimi bengadi bahlonipha lesi sitshalo ngenhlanganisela yaso enhle kakhulu yokunambitheka okungajwayelekile, ukuvuthwa okusheshayo nokumelana okuhle. Amagilebhisi adumile ngamazinga abo wokunambitha nokukhiqiza.
Ukuchazwa kukakhadinali wamagilebhisi
Ekhuluma ngencazelo, isiko livuthwa ngokushesha okukhulu... Isikhathi sokukhula sithatha kusukela ezinsukwini eziyikhulu neshumi kuya kwikhulu namashumi amabili, ungaqala ukuvuna engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi unyaka nonyaka isivuno sesivuno samagilebhisi asizinzile.
Isihlahla esisodwa siyakwazi ukwakha okungenani izivini ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa ezithela izithelo. Ihlumela ngalinye likhula iqoqo elilodwa noma amabili. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezikahle, isihlahla sengeza ngamamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Ukuvuthwa kwamahlumela kuhle, cishe ngaphezu kobude bonke.
Ubuningi bamahlamvu aluhlaza ocebile bulingene. Iqabunga ngalinye linama-lobes amahlanu. Izimbali zinama-pistils kanye ne-stamens, ngakho-ke zinamandla okuvota impova zodwa.
Amaqoqo wamagilebhisi akhulu kakhulu, afinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amathathu namashumi amabili ubude nobubanzi, ngokulandelana. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, isisindo sabo asisikhulu kakhulu, ngoba amajikijolo abekwa ngokukhululeka. Ngokwesilinganiso, ibhulashi elilodwa linesisindo esingamakhulu amane kuya kwamahlanu amagremu.
Izici zamajikijolo
Zihlukaniswa ngesimo sawo esiyisiyingi, sinesisindo samagremu amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa. Ijikijolo ngalinye lithwala imbewu eyisiyingi esukela kwemithathu kuye kwemihlanu. Izithelo zibomvu ngokunsomi ngombala, i-wax enentuthu iyabonakala esikhunjeni. Inyama imhlophe ngokuluhlaza okotshani, inamanzi amaningi, iyagoqeka ngesikhathi sokuhlafuna. Isikhumba siminyene impela.
Lapho edliwe, amagilebhisi akha umuzwa wokuqabuleka nokukhanya ngephunga lawo le-nutmeg.
I-asidi ingamagremu ayisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngelitha, izinga likashukela lifinyelela kumaphesenti ayishumi nesishiyagalombili.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Lapho ukhetha lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi zokutshala kusayithi labo, abalimi kuqala banaka izinzuzo zayo:
- isivuno sihlukaniswa ngamandla aso okuqhubeka izinyanga ezintathu;
- ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuhle kakhulu;
- amagilebhisi athuthwa ngokuphelele emabangeni amade, awalahli ukukhanga kwawo, awonakele;
- ukulondolozwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kutholakala kumajikijolo;
- isiko alidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Kepha ngezinzuzo ezinjalo, kukhona nezici ezingezinhle. Uma wazi ngazo kusengaphambili, khona-ke amagilebhisi ngeke adale ubunzima ekulimeni:
- isitshalo inezinga elijwayelekile lokumelana ne-powdery isikhutha, isikhutha nomdlavuza webhaktheriya. Kaningi, amajikijolo angathinteka yisikhunta esimpunga. Esinye sezitha zomvini umqulu wamagilebhisi;
- isivuno esizayo sincike ngokuphelele ezimweni zezulu. Esimweni sezulu esingesihle, ama-inflorescence kanye ne-ovary ziyawa, amajikijolo akhiwa ngosayizi omncane, okhulisa ukwethulwa kweqembu;
- isitshalo ayibekezeleli isikhathi sasebusika, ingathinteka yiqhwa lasentwasahlobo, njengoba ukuqhakaza kuqala kusenesikhathi ngokwanele;
- kwenzeka kaningi ukuvuthwa okungalingani kwamajikijolo.
Ukufika
Njengezinye izitshalo zamagilebhisi, "uKhadinali" uthanda izindawo ezifudumele nezinelanga. Kufanele itshalwe entwasahlobo, ikhethe lezi zinkomba zaseningizimu, ezihlotshaniswa nokubekezelelana okuphansi kwezinhlobonhlobo zasebusika. Isitshalo esincane esitshalwe ekwindla singonakaliswa kalula yisimo sezulu esibandayo.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala, inhlabathi kufanele ifudumele ize ifike kuma-degree Celsius ayishumi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi e-loamy ne-sandy loamy ihlale endaweni. Izindawo zeChernozem zizohlinzeka ngethuba lokuthola isivuno esihle kakhulu.
Ngesonto elilodwa - amabili, isiza semba, umanyolo usetshenziswa ngendlela yomquba noma umquba.
Ukwengeza isivuno, abalimi abaningi basebenzisa umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo weBiogrow, ofakwa emhlabathini izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngonyaka.
Kulungiswa umgodi wokufika, ubukhulu bawo okufanele bube ngamasentimitha angama-80 ngama-80 ngama-80 ngamasentimitha angama-80. Izinto eziphilayo zibekwa phansi, zifafazwe ungqimba lomhlaba. Kufakwa isithombo, sifafazwe ngenhlabathi, siniselwe. Iphethini lokufika lithathwa ngama-2.5 ngamamitha ama-3.
Ukunakekelwa kwemivini emincane futhi evuthiwe
Isitshalo samagilebhisi sinenhliziyo enhle kakhulu, sidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.... Kulesi simo kuphela lapho ungathola isivuno esihle. Izihlahla kufanele ziniselwe kancane ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuba amajikijolo akhe. Kuze kufike amalitha amanzi ayishumi athelwa ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye.
Ukunisela ngokweqile kufaka ukuqhekeka kwamajikijolo, kunciphisa ukumelana kwesitshalo ezifweni zefungal.
Ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini isikhathi eside, i-mulching isetshenziswa, kusetshenziswa i-humus, utshani obugundiwe, i-sawdust yalokhu.
Kuyadingeka ukondla izitshalo ngamanyolo wamaminerali, wenza izinqubo ezintathu kuya kwezine ngesizini ngayinye: ngaphambi kokuba amahlamvu ancibilike, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngemuva kokuwa kwama-inflorescence nasekupheleni kokuvuna.
Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, izitshalo ziphathwa ngokwakhiwa kwe-fungicidal. Isidakamizwa sengezwa emanzini, kufuthwa insimbi eluhlaza.
Ngesikhathi sasebusika, imivini idinga izindawo zokuzivikela.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha
Lokhu kungenziwa ngokutshala izithombo nokuxhunyelelwa kwezithelo. Impahla enhle yokuxhunyelelwa kufanele ibe namehlo amaningi. Ingxenye engezansi iyanqunywa ukwenza i-wedge. Uhlangothi olusikiwe lugcinwa emanzini amahora amaningi ukuze uhlelo lwempande lukhule kangcono. Isixazululo esifanele kungaba ukusebenzisa izikhuthazi zokukhula njenge- "Humat".
Iwayini elivela kukhadinali
Izinhlobonhlobo zilinywa ngenkuthalo ngamaNtaliyane, amaFrance, amaGreki, amaYugoslav. Kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengengxenye eyinhloko ekukhiqizeni iwayini nogologo emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ukuphoqeleka ukwelashwa kokuvikela izitshalo zamagilebhisi; abalimi abanconywa ukuthi balinde izimpawu zokuqala zesifo.
Isixazululo esihle kakhulu ukufaka ama-fungicides ngaphambi kwezihlahla eziqhakazayo nangemva kwalesi sikhathi. Uma kutholakala izifo, izitshalo kumele zicutshungulwe futhi. Amalungiselelo kufanele akhethwe endaweni yonke, angalimazi ezitshalweni.
Isivuno sivikelwe kuminyovu ngezindlela ezimbili - ukugoqa izigaxa nge-gauze noma ukufaka izithiyelo ngoshevu.
"I-Cardinal" ibhekwa njengokuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi okumnandi, noma yimuphi umhlali wasehlobo angayikhulisa esizeni sakhe. Kepha ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu, kunconywa ukuthi ufunde imithetho yokunakekelwa futhi uyilandele ngokuqinile.