Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkukhu ezahlukahlukene noma ezihlangene zokukhiqiza. Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo eziphumelelayo kwenziwa eGibhithe lasendulo. Futhi kusukela lapho, inqubo yokuguqulwa kofuzo ibilokhu ikhula ngenkuthalo. Namuhla, abafuyi bayakwazi ukuthola inkukhu ehlangabezana nezici ezidingekayo zokukhiqiza nokuhlobisa. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngezinyoni ezizalela amaqanda, ziyini kanye nezici zazo.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu nezinhlobo zezinkukhu
Lapho ukhetha uhlobo olufanele, kulula ukudideka bese ukhetha okungalungile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze wenze isinqumo esifanele, kufanele ubhekane kahle nalolu daba bese uqoqa imininingwane edingekayo.
I-Eggnose Leghorn
ILeghorn wuhlobo oluthandwayo lokubeka amaqanda eMelika, eYurophu nase-Asia Ephakathi. Le nyoni ithole ukuthandwa okunjalo ngenxa yamakhono ayo okuguquguquka nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphezulu. ILeghorn luhlobo olukhiqiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke luyatshalwa emabhizinisini amakhulu nasekhaya. Le nyoni izolile futhi inobungane, ijwayela umnikazi ngokushesha. Kubekezelela kalula izinguquko zokushisa.
Ngokuqondene nokushiyeka, amaLeghorn anokwehla okukhulu ekukhiqizeni amaqanda ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Abalimi abanesipiliyoni kanye nabalimi bezinkukhu beluleka ukushintsha izinkukhu minyaka yonke nohhafu. Kepha, ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo alunawo umuzwa wokufukamela, amaqanda kufanele afukamelwe endaweni yokufukamela, aphonswe kwezinye izinkukhu noma athenge amathole amasha.
UMeaty Loman Brown
I-Lohmann Brown iyinhlobo eyaziwayo yenyama namaqanda aseJalimane eyakhiwe ekuqaleni eJalimane. Yize inyoni ingeyohlobo oluhlanganisiwe, yathola udumo lwayo ngenxa yokukhiqiza amaqanda aphezulu.
Lesi sikhukhukazi esizalela ukuhweba siqala ukubekela izinsuku eziyi-135.
Izinzuzo:
- Amaqanda makhulu futhi aqinile, aze afike kuma-65 g (amaqanda amancane ekuqaleni kwe-clutch). Ngokudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, kuthathwa amaqanda angama-300 - 320 ngonyaka;
- Izinga lokusinda lenyoni esanda kuzalwa cishe liyi-100%;
- Ukungathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Zijwayela ngokushesha futhi zijwayele imvelo.
- Bafinyelela ebusheni ngezinsuku eziyi-135 bese bekhula ngezinsuku eziyi-161;
- Baqala ukushesha ngesonto lesihlanu lokuphila (inani eliphakeme lokubamba okunamandla kwenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-160-180).
Okubi:
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-80 zokubeka ngamandla, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuyehla (ukuvuselelwa kwezinyoni kuyadingeka);
- Ukuzala kungenzeka kuphela ngokukhetha, ngoba iziphambano azikhuliswa ekhaya.
I-highsex ephethe amaqanda
Izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinkukhu ezinsundu ze-highsex zombala weqanda onsundu. UHisex Brown uzivumelanisa ngokushesha nemvelo, kepha naphezu kwalokhu, inyoni idinga ukunakekelwa okuhle nendawo enkulu yokuhamba.
Ukugcinwa, ihhoko lezinkukhu elinomoya onomoya liyadingeka, ngaphandle kwezingqimba eziqinile, ngokukhanyisa njalo ngotshani (hay). Izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lasebusika alikho ngaphansi kwezingu -12 degrees.
Izinzuzo:
- Uhlobo olukhiqiza kakhulu (amaqanda angama-300-320);
- Ukudla okuphansi okuphansi (amaqanda ayi-10 - 1.4 kg);
- Igobongo leqanda liqinile;
- Izinga lokusinda liyi-98%;
- Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo.
Okubi:
- Bancishwa umuzwa wokuchanyuselwa;
- Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda akudluliselwanga enzalweni elandelayo lapho kuhlanganiswa nolunye uhlobo;
- Kudinga isikhala esiningi samahhala;
- Izinkukhu zikhiqiza kuphela ngokudla okufanele futhi okulinganiselayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkukhu - i-Andalusian blue
Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-Andalusian wuhlobo olungajwayelekile olwezinkukhu zenyama nesiqondiso samaqanda. Izinkukhu zithandwa phakathi kwezindlu zezinkukhu ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo; ziklanywa ezindaweni ezincane ezizimele ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa.
Iyaziswa ngokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nenyama yethenda. Ububi ukuntuleka kwesazela somama, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe bayazala.
Inyoni endala isisindo esingu-2-2.5 kg. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kungama-PC ayi-180. enesisindo esingu-60g. Ukuthomba kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala, izinga lokusinda kwezinsana ezingama-93%, nakubantu abadala - 87%.
UBreckel
UBreckel ungomunye wabamele izinkukhu zokuqondisa amaqanda. Le nyoni inokuzivikela okuhle nempilo enhle. Inyama inambitheka njengomdlalo, yingakho yaziswa. Uhlobo lukhulu, amaqhude anesisindo esifinyelela ku-2-2.75 kg, nezinkukhu - 1.75-2.25 kg. Umbala uyigolide noma isiliva.
Izinzuzo:
- Izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda;
- Nomfutho - bangahambahamba endaweni yokuhamba usuku lonke befuna ukudla;
- Ukuzwana neminye imfuyo yasekhaya;
- Izinkukhu zigcwala ngokushesha futhi zikhuluphale;
- Ukungathobeki ezimweni zezulu zangaphandle.
Okubi:
- Asikho isazela sokubeletha;
- Ayibekezeleli izikhala ezivaliwe namaseli.
IHamburg
Uhlobo lweHamburg luyizinkukhu zokuhlobisa nezemidlalo. Inyoni le ikhiqiza begodu iqine, imhlophe inamabala amnyama ngombala. Kungenzeka ukugcina amaqhude amabili noma ngaphezulu, ngoba anobungane futhi awahlaseli. Isisindo seqhude labantu abadala liphakathi kuka-2-2.5 kg, kanti leso sikhukukazi singu-1.5-2 kg.
Izinkukhu zaseHamburg zihlala emindenini, inhloko yazo iqhude.
Izinzuzo:
- Zivumelanise kalula nesimo esisha;
- Kunenzuzo yokuzalanisa ekhaya - ukukhiqiza okuhle ngokusetshenziswa okuphansi kokudla;
- Inyama enhle;
- Inani lokudla okunomsoco eliphezulu lamaqanda.
Okubi:
- Asikho isazela somama;
- Isikhathi esifushane sokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuphezulu.
Intendele yaseNtaliyane
I-Partridge yase-Italiya (iLeghorns ensundu noma ensundu) ingenye yezinyoni zokuqala zokuqondiswa kwamaqanda. Ngenxa yofuzo oluhle kakhulu olwedluliselwe kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye, izingqimba zinokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuphezulu namazinga okusinda, kanye namakhono aqinile wokuguquguquka. Izinkukhu zivamile eRussia nasemazweni aseYurophu.
Iningi labalimi kanye nabafuyi bezinkukhu abazalisa lolu hlobo bakhuluma kahle ngalo. Kugcizelelwa ikakhulukazi ukuthi izinkukhu zizolile, azihloniphi ngendlela yokugcina impahla, futhi zinomkhiqizo omkhulu.
IMinorca
Izinkukhu zeMinorka ziyizinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezinombala omangalisayo - imnyama enama-green shades akhanyayo. Ikama leqhude linesimo esithandekayo, esifana nomqhele, kanti leso senkukhu sincane, sihle futhi sithambekele kancane. Amalobe makhulu, amhlophe.
IMinorca yaziswa kakhulu ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kwenyama, nayo emhlophe qwa ngombala.
Izinzuzo:
- Amachwane akhula ngokushesha futhi abe nezinga eliphakeme lokusinda;
- Baqala ukushesha ekuseni - ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala;
- Ukubeka amaqanda unyaka wonke;
- Amaqanda makhulu, aqinile futhi anomsoco;
- Imvelo enobungane.
Okubi:
- Le nyoni inamahloni, ngakho kunzima ukuyifinyelela;
- Kubekezelela kabi umswakama ophakeme namazinga okushisa aphansi;
- Ayifukanyeli amaqanda.
Uhlobo lweqanda I-33
I-B-33 uhlobo lwesiqondiso samaqanda amancane esenziwe eRussia. Kulezi zinsuku ziya ngokuya zanda ngoba zizinhle emakhaya amancane.
ENgilandi naseFrance, izinkukhu ze-B-33 zicishe zashintsha ngokuphelele izinkukhu zasendaweni ngenxa yezimpawu zazo zokukhiqiza.
Izinzuzo:
- Amachwane akhula ngokushesha;
- Idla kahle ukudla okuhlukahlukene;
- Uzizwa kahle ekhejini noma ezindizeni;
- Zizalela amaqanda amakhulu maqondana nosayizi womzimba wazo;
- Musa ukumba umhlabathi;
- Inenzuzo enkulu;
- Umlingiswa uzolile.
Okubi:
- Esimweni sezulu esimanzi, ngenxa yemilenze emifushane, izinkukhu ezithinta umhlabathi omanzi zisengozini yokugula;
- Iphuzu elibuthakathaka - ama-paws, anconywa ukuthi ahlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile;
- Izinyoni ezinemibala ehlukene azikwazi ukuwela, ngakho-ke zigcinwa ezinkanjini ezihlukene.
Ushanka
I-Ushanka noma izindlebe zase-Ukraine - ezivamile eningizimu yeRussia nase-Ukraine. Kuvame ukukhiqizwa ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa ngenxa yombala wayo okhanyayo nokubukeka okuthakazelisayo. Isisindo sabantu abadala yilesi: iqhude - 2.8-3 kg; ukubeka isikhukhukazi - kufika ku-2 kg.
Ngemuva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, womabili la mazwe (i-Ukraine kanye neRussia) aqala ukubheka i-Ushanka njengohlobo lwawo, yize imvelaphi yale nyoni yayingakaze ichazwe.
Inani le-Ushanka lisanda kwehla kakhulu, ngoba izinkomba zokukhiqiza zingaphansi kwesilinganiso, futhi ikakhulukazi amapulazi azimele nawokuqoqa asebenza ngokuzalanisa.
Umugqa Ophakeme
IHigh Line iyinyoni esungulwe kahle engenamaphutha amakhulu. Ukuzola nokungathobeki, nobungane kwezinye izilwane zasemapulazini. Ngenxa yokuzivikela kwayo okuhle nobungqabavu bayo, inkukhu ibhekwa njengenzuzo enkulu.
Abalimi abanesipiliyoni baphawula ukuthi izinkukhu zeHigh Line zikhuliswe kahle emapulazini amakhulu ezinkukhu nasezindlini ezincane. Ngokwehlukana, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le nyoni kumele igonywe ngesikhathi, kungenjalo ukuqothulwa okuphelele kwemfuyo akunakugwenywa. Ngokuqondene nemibandela yokuboshwa, azikho izidingo zomuntu ngamunye.
Isikhukhukazi seHighsex White
IHisex White ivelele phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zokuqondiswa kwamaqanda kulokho kukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuphezulu kufaniswa nezindleko eziphansi zokuphakelayo.
Umnikazi uqoqa cishe amaqanda angama-280-330 ngonyaka. Amaqanda aminyene futhi anomsoco kakhulu. Inyama inzima impela.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukuthomba kufinyelelwa emasontweni angama-20 empilo;
- Izinga lokusinda kwezilwane ezincane ngama-96%;
- Isisindo seqanda elilodwa sifinyelela ku-70 gr.
Okubi:
- Lapho weqiwa nezinye izinhlobo, umkhiqizo uyancipha;
- Indawo enkulu yokuhamba;
- Ihhoko lenkukhu elinomoya onamandla elikhanyisa njalo.
Shaver
Ama-Shaver Red Layers aziwa kakhulu ngokukhiqiza kwawo amaqanda aphezulu nokudla okuphansi. Uhlobo lungezinye zezinyoni ezithule kakhulu nezinobungani, okwenza ligqame kwezinye iziphambano. Wazalelwa eHolland. Akukho kushoda okuphawulekayo noma ukuphambuka okubonwe.
Izinzuzo:
- Ukuzivikela okuphezulu;
- Isikhathi sokubeka amasonto angama-80;
- Ukukhula kwentsha kuzuza ngokushesha isisindo;
- Ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kweqanda.
Kungakhathaleki ukuthi ukhetha ziphi izinkukhu, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izinkukhu ezinhlobo yamaqanda yilona hlobo oluvame kakhulu embonini yezinkukhu, ngoba amaqanda nemikhiqizo yamaqanda kuhlala kungamanani entengo.
Esikhathini sonke somsebenzi wokuzalanisa, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-50 nezinqamlezo zezinkukhu zomkhombandlela weqanda zenziwe futhi zathuthukiswa: zonke zinezici zazo kanye nezinkomba zokukhiqiza, ezenza sikwazi ukukhetha uhlobo olunenzuzo enkulu.