Abalimi abanesipiliyoni bamangaze kaningi wonke umuntu ngemiphumela yezitshalo ezikhulayo zezimpande, ezingajwayelekile ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi. Enye yazo igalikhi. Kungenzeka ukuyihlakulela esizeni, uma ulandela imithetho elula yokwehla nokunakekelwa. Kulesi sibuyekezo, sizokhuluma ngezici zokutshala i-garlic yasentwasahlobo entwasahlobo futhi siyikhulise eSiberia.
Isikhathi sokutshala ugalikhi wasehlobo eSiberia
I-Garlic ingezitshalo ezingamelana neqhwa, ingamelana nobusika obunzima ngaphansi kongqimba oluningi lweqhwa futhi ayesabi isithwathwa. Kodwa ngenkathi engenalo iqhwa, izinto zokutshala zingafriza. ngakho-ke eSiberia, eUral nasendaweni yaseLeningrad, ukutshalwa kwentwasahlobo kuyathandwa.
Izinhlobo zasebusika kufanele zitshalwe phakathi kukaSepthemba 15 no-Okthoba 5. Ukuhlwanyela kufanele kuqedwe emavikini ayi-3-5 ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa, ukuze uhlelo lwezimpande lukwazi ukwakha. Kubalulekile ukuthi amahlumela angabi nesikhathi sokudlulela ebusweni bomhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizofa.
Ukwehla kwentwasahlobo kuqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Umbuso wokushisa omuhle wesigaba sokuqala sonyaka okhulayo uthathwa njengobubanzi bamanani wokuhlanganisa kusuka kuma-5 kuye kwayi-10 degrees. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa nokuvunwa sincike ezimeni zokugcina izinto zokutshala.... Ngokushesha ebusweni bomhlabathi amahlumela akhiwa kusuka kuma-clove agcinwe ngendlela ebandayo (ezingeni lokushisa elingu-0 ° -3 °). Kodwa-ke, amakhanda mancane ngosayizi, futhi lapho kushisa futhi komile, kuvame ukwakhiwa izinyo elilodwa. Le ndlela yehlukile kunesivuno. Ugalikhi uvuthwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-25-40, kugcinwe kufudumele (ezingeni lokushisa elingu-20 ° -25 °). Amakhanda ezitshalo ezinjalo makhulu anama-denticles amakhulu. Ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa, kubalulekile ukulungisa izinto zokutshala zokutshala: cwilisa, uqhume futhi utshale.
Izinzuzo zokutshala u-garlic wasentwasahlobo entwasahlobo
Ezimweni zezulu ezipholile, ukutshala ekwindla emhlabathini ovulekile kunezinzuzo kunokutshala ekwindla. Izinhlobo zentwasahlobo zikulungele kakhulu ukutshala izitshalo eSiberia, okumele itshalwe entwasahlobo ngemuva kokutholakala kokushisa okuhle kwasemini. Le ndlela ingenxa yokwehla kwengozi yokuqandisa okokutshala ngenxa yesithwathwa esinzima nokungabikho kongqimba lweqhwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo azifuneki kangako emhlabathini, ungathola isivuno esihle ezinhlotsheni zenhlabathi ezikhanyayo neziphakathi nendawo.
Akungabazeki Inzuzo yokutshala entwasahlobo ukumelana okuphezulu kukagalikhi wasehlobo ezifweni zezitshalo ezinkulu nezinambuzane ezinambuzane... Futhi izithombo zakhiwa ngokuthula cishe ngentuthuko efanayo. Futhi, amabala anempandla emibhedeni ayakhishwa, ngenxa yokubandiswa kwamazinyo ngamanye.
Ukutshala ukulungiswa kwempahla: ukumanzisa nokucubungula
Ikhwalithi yokuvunwa kukagalikhi, njengo-anyanisi, incike ikakhulukazi emsebenzini wokulungiselela, ngakho-ke, izinto zokutshala kufanele zikhethwe ngokuzibophezela. Lapho ukhetha igalikhi, kufanele unake ukuthi ikhanda elingelohlobo lwasebusika noma lwentwasahlobo. Ungabahlukanisa kanjani? Inhloko yesitshalo sasebusika inwebeka ekuthinteni ngegobolondo eliminyene. Maphakathi kukhona induku enamazinyo akhona. Igobolondo lezinhlobonhlobo zasentwasahlobo lincane, likhumbuza isikhumba. Ama-denticles ahlelwe ngemigqa ngaphandle kwenduku emaphakathi. Okuhlukile kunhlobonhlobo yeGulliver, eyakha umcibisholo.
Ukulungiselela kunezigaba ezilandelayo:
- ikhanda elihlukanisiwe emazinyweni ahlukene;
- Ukukhetha okuphelele nokukhulu, azikho izimpawu zokulimala kuma-specimens;
- ukugoqa ama-clove ngendwangu emanzi ukuhluma (izinsuku ezimbalwa, isigaxa singathunyelwa esiqandisini eshalofini elingezansi);
- cwilisaemanzini afudumele amahora angu-10-12;
- ukomisa ngemuva kokujuluka.
Ukucwilisa kungashintshwa ngokucubungula izinto zokutshala ngesikhuthazi sokukhula, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amalungiselelo akhethekile aqukethe amakhemikhali.
Ungayilungisa kanjani inhlabathi entwasahlobo nasekwindla
Inhlabathi kumele ilungiswe ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukufaka umanyolo esizeni nge-humus namaminerali ekwindla (amagremu angama-40 we-superphosphate, amagremu angama-20 we-potassium chloride nge-1 m2). Uma bekungekho thuba lokwenza umsebenzi wasekwindla, udinga ukumba phansi amasonto 1-2 ngaphambi kokwehla, ucebise nge-humus noma umquba, ukhulule ama-clod kahle nge-rake. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, indawo yemibhede kufanele ilashwe ngosawoti.
Indawo yokutshala ugarlic kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle futhi ibe nomoya. Umakhelwane onezitshalo ezinkulu nezakhiwo ezinkulu akwamukelekile.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho abakukhuthazi ukutshala ugalikhi endaweni efanayo; udinga ukunikeza ikhefu leminyaka engu-3-4. Kungcono ukhethe iziza engadini lapho ama-zucchini, ukhukhamba, ithanga zitshalwe ngesizini edlule.
Ukutshala okulungile emhlabathini ovulekile
Isiko litshalwa ngokohlelo:
- isikhawu phakathi kwemigqa - 20-25 cm;
- ibanga phakathi kwamazinyo - 6-10 cm.
Akudingekile ukujulisa ugalikhi kude, u-3-5 cm wonele.Ngale kwalokho, amahlumela angahluma kancane noma angaveli nhlobo ebusweni bomhlabathi. Ngaphansi kwekhava kufanele kubekwe phansi emgodini, lapho kuzokwakhiwa khona uhlelo lwempande. Ngaphambi kokutshala, le nto iqhume, ngakho-ke akufanele uyicindezele kanzima emhlabathini ukuze ungalimazi amahlumela.
Ngemuva kokujulisa ama-clove, udinga ukumboza umbhede ngenhlabathi bese wethula omanyolo. I-ammonium sulfate esetshenziswa kakhulu, engagcini nje ngokucebisa inhlabathi ngezakhi zomzimba, kepha futhi ivikela amahlumela amancane ezinambuzaneni.
Ukutshala igalikhi esikalini sezimboni kwenziwa ngamadivayisi akhethekile - abatshali.
Ukunakekelwa nokulinywa kwangemva kwesitshalo
Ngisho nesitshalo esingathobeki sidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele. Lokhu kusiza ukukhulisa isivuno nokuthola izimpande zekhwalithi ngempilo ende yeshalofu. Ngenxa yalokhu, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ukuchelela. Umswakama uyisici esiyinhloko enqubweni ekhulayo, nokho, ukugcwala kwawo kungaholela ekubolile kwanyanisi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uthembele kunani lokunisela elinconyiwe ngokucophelela, ucabangela inani lemvula, umswakama womoya, uhlobo lomhlabathi.
Izinga lamanzi elisetshenziselwa ukuchelela lingama-8-10 amalitha nge-1 m2... Ukunisela kumisa ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingama-20-25 ngaphambi kokuqoqwa kwezitshalo zezimpande.
Umanyolo kanye ne-groundbait kwethulwa kabili phakathi nenkathi yokukhula... Inani labo lincike ekuvundeni kwenhlabathi. I-Chernozem cishe ayidingi ukucebiswa. Ezinye izinhlobo zenhlabathi zinomsoco omncane ngakho-ke zidinga umquba.
I-Phosphorus ne-potassium kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni ukukhula okujwayelekile kanye nokuthuthuka kwezitshalo ezinkulu.
I-groundbait yokuqala yethulwa ngemuva kokuvela. Uma i-ammonium sulfate ingasetshenziswanga ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala, emva kokukhula kwamahlumela, sekuyisikhathi sokuwavikela ezifweni nasezinambuzane. NgoJuni, kusetshenziswa umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi enanini, ngokwemininingwane evela emiyalelweni. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukusebenzisa ingxube ye-urea ne-potassium chloride (izingxenye zithathwa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo).
Ukucebisa inhlabathi nge-oxygen, ukukhululeka kuyadingeka. Kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokususwa kokhula, ngoba ukhula luyingozi esitshalweni. Ubuningi bomthunzi nokuqina kwemibhede kuba yindawo lapho izinambuzane ezinambuzane zihlala khona. Futhi umswakama owedlulele ungadala ukubola kwekhanda. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, kwenziwa izinqubo ezi-2-4 zokukhulula nokususa ukhula... Unganciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi ngokuhlanganisa imibhede. Ngalezi zinhloso, kusetshenziswa i-peat noma i-sawdust. Zimboza umbhede ngokuqinile, ngenxa yalokhu ukhula lwenza indlela yalo ebusweni hhayi ngokuqinile, futhi inhlabathi ayomi.
Uhlelo lwokwenza okulungiselelwe kusengaphambili luzoqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kukgalikhi ngesikhathi esifanele, okuqinisekisa isivuno esihle.