I-festivalnaya sitrobheli iyinhlobonhlobo ethandwayo yamajikijolo engadini, ebuyiselwe emuva kuma-50s wekhulu elidlule. Ngaphandle kobudala bayo, izinhlobonhlobo zisayintandokazi kubalimi abaningi. I-Festivalnaya ingeyizinhlobo ezingathobekile, inokunambitheka okukhethekile nephunga, kanye nezinye izinzuzo eziningi, ezichazwe ngezansi.
Incazelo sitrobheli Festival chamomile
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu phakathi kwama-strawberry aphakathi kokuvuthwa. Izinhlobonhlobo zakhuliswa ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule ngumfuyi odumile u-Yu.K. Katinskaya, ngu Ukuwela izinhlobo Okuchichimayo noNdunankulu.
Lesi sitshalo sinezihlahla ezinde ezihlangene. Ama-peduncles aminyene futhi aqinile, okuvumela ukuthi ugcine kalula isivuno esicebile... Zitholakala cishe ezingeni lamaqabunga noma ngezansi kancane. Lesi sakhiwo sihlinzeka isithelo ngokungenisa umoya kahle nokufudumeza ilanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amajikijolo abonakala kahle, ngakho-ke kulula ukuwakha. Izimbali ezihlahleni zingabesilisa nabesifazane.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kukaJulayinokho, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho le nkathi yenzeka kamuva. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyahlukahluka ekuthelisweni kwesikhathi eside. Kwesinye isikhathi amajikijolo angavela kuze kube sekwindla. Izinhlobonhlobo zinesivuno esiphezulu futhi esivamile. Amajikijolo okuqala avuthwe kunalokho amakhulu - kufika ku-50 g... Izithelo ezizolandela zizoba ncanyana, cishe zibe ngama-20. Umbala wazo ubomvu tebhu, uyacwebezela. Umumo uyindilinga, uyicaba kancane, unemihosha emincane.
I-pulp iyi-pink ekhanyayo, ukumaphakathi okuphakathi, enamanzi, ithenda, imnandi kakhulu ekunambithekeni. Isiqu sihlukaniswa kalula, ngakho-ke, lapho kuvunwa, izithelo azilimazi, zihlala zomile futhi zihlanzekile. Ikhekhe elilodwa eliphakathi nendawo liqukethe cishe i-7% kashukela, i-1.4% acid, ne-vitamin C cishe i-90 mg... Esinye isici esivelayo yiphunga elimnandi, elibiziwe.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuhlukahluka:
- Amajikijolo amahle nge izici zokunambitheka ezinhle kakhulu.
- Phezulu, isivuno esivamile, nenkathi ende yezithelo.
- Ukumelana nesithwathwa nesomiso, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukukhula ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene.
- Kuhle ithwala izinto zokuhamba.
- Kuvame ukuvezwa izifo.
Of amaphutha singabona ukumelana nobuthakathaka kwezifo - i-powdery isikhutha nokuqina okubheke phezulu.
Ungazithola kanjani izithombo zalolu hlobo
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukuhlinzeka ngezinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Ingathengwa kubathengisi abazimele noma ezitolo ezikhethekile. Lapho ukhetha izithombo, kufanele unake amaphuzu alandelayo:
- Isithombo kufanele sibe naso okungenani amaqabunga ama-3.
- Amaqabunga angenazo izimpawu zesifo, izinambuzane nomunye umonakalo obonakalayo.
- Umnyombo uyaphilakungomi noma kubole.
- Ikhola yomsuka enamandla ngokwanele, ngaphandle kokubola namabala.
- Uhlelo lwempande luphilile, ayomile, ithuthuke kahle.
Ungathola futhi izithombo ezinhle ngokwakho.
Kusuka embewini
Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari nasekuqaleni kukaMashi. Njengoba zincane futhi zihluma kahle ekukhanyeni, kufanele zisakazeke ebusweni bomhlabathi oswakanyisiwe.... Ukuze zingangeni enhlabathini, ungqimba olungaphezulu lungafafazwa ungqimba oluncane lwesihlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho isiqukathi esinembewu kufanele simbozwe ngocwecwe ukugcina umswakama isikhathi eside.
Amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14... Lapho amaqabunga amabili okuqala evela ezitshalweni, kufanele acwiliswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka kabusha esitsheni esifanelekile, ugqiba izimpande enhlabathini. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela. Njengomthetho, izitshalo zibekezelela ukukha kahle.
Izithombo kufanele zikhanyiswe cishe usuku lonke, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunikeza ukukhanya okwengeziwe, noma ngabe kusefasiteleni.
Ethangini lokutshala, izithombo zikhula kuze kube maphakathi noJuni. Ngemuva kwalokho zifakwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Izithombo zizokhiqiza kuphela ngonyaka ozayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamadevu
Ezihlahleni ezithela izithelo, amadevu kufanele asuswe. Njengoba lokhu kubaphuca amandla abo, ngenxa yalokho isivuno sincipha. Ngakho-ke, ngezithombo ezikhulayo, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe ama-bushes ngamanye, bese uvuna kokunye. Ukuze amadevu akhule ngenkuthalo, ama-peduncles asuswa ezihlahleni zesibeletho... Ukukhiqiza, isihlahla esinamandla esinempilo sikhethiwe, lapho kufanele kushiywe izimpondo ezinhlanu.
Lapho i-rosette ivela kumadevu, kufanele ilungiswe enhlabathini (ungasebenzisa ucingo), uyijulise kancane, bese ulinda ukuthi izimpande zivele. Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa isithombo esihlahleni somama lapho sesivele simile ngokwanele.... Izithombo zonyaka olandelayo zivunwa ekupheleni kukaNovemba. Izithombo zibekwa endaweni emnyama, epholile futhi zigcinwe kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala
I-Strawberry isitshalo se-thermophilic esithanda ilanga. Akunconyelwa ukuyitshala ezindaweni ezinomswakama kakhulu nasezindaweni eziphansi.... Izindawo ezinomthunzi nazo kufanele zingafakwa. Emthunzini, njengomthetho, kwakhiwa umswakama owedlulele, ngakho-ke isitshalo singachayeka ezifweni zefungal.
Ama-strawberry awathobeki ohlotsheni lomhlabathi... Okuhlukile kunenhlabathi enobumba kakhulu noma enesihlabathi. Inhlabathi enjalo ingahlanjululwa ngokungeza ama-humus. Ngakho-ke izogcwala ngokwengeziwe futhi ixoxe.
Akunconywa ukutshala izithombo kabili endaweni efanayo noma emibhedeni lapho iklabishi, utamatisi, amazambane ngaphambili kwakhula khona. Indawo enhle kuzoba inhlabathi lapho izaqathe, u-garlic, u-anyanisi, ithanga ngaphambili zazithela khona.
Lapho indawo yokutshala ikhethiwe, kufanele ilungiswe. Indawo kufanele ikhululwe okhuleni, ikakhulukazi ezimpandeni zabo. Bese kusetshenziswa umanyolo ophilayo (umquba wezinkukhu, ubulongwe bezinkomo), isiza sembiwa silinganiswe.
Ukutshala ama-strawberry e-Festivalnaya
Izitshalo zingatshalwa ngendlela eyodwa-yomugqa nolayini ophindwe kabili. Esimweni sokuqala, Isikhala emigqeni singama-60 cm, futhi phakathi kwezithombo kungama-20 cm... Lokhu kutshalwa kunconyelwa ukutshalwa kwentwasahlobo-ekwindla. Ngonyaka wokuqala, i-sitrobheli ayitheli izithelo, kepha ifaka izimpondo esikhaleni esiphakathi kwemigqa.
Ukutshalwa kwemigqa emibili kubhekwa njengokusebenza kahle, okulungele intwasahlobo. Izithombo zifakwa phakathi kwazo ngemuva kuka-15 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - ngemuva kwama-30 cm, phakathi kwamaribhoni - 70 cm... Ungatshala izihlahla ndawonye kakhulu. Lokhu kuzosusa imigqa yezithombo ezingazange ziqhakaze onyakeni wokuqala wokukhula noma zichayeke ezifweni. Ngokususa izithombo ezingasebenziseki, kuzoba nesikhala samahhala sezitshalo ezinempilo.
Ukutshala kwalokhu kuhlukahluka kwenziwa entwasahlobo (ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli) noma ekwindla (ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba). Njengoba i-Festivalnaya idinga inhlabathi enomswakama ngokwanele ukuze ikhule kahle, akunconywa ukutshala ehlobo. Ubude obude bezimpande bokutshala bungu-8-9 cm.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, kwenziwa izimbobo ezingezansi noma imisele, imanziswe kahle. Izimpande zezihlahla zidinga ukuqondiswa kahle bese zehliselwa emgodini endaweni emile... Ngomusa ufafaze ngomhlaba, thinta kancane. Bese unisela futhi bese umboza inhlabathi engaphansi kwesihlahla ngongqimba lwe-mulch, i-humus noma utshani okuzokwenza. Lokhu kuzovimbela inani elikhulu lokhula ukuthi likhule futhi ligcine umswakama.
Ukunakekelwa kwamajikijolo engadi
Ukunakekela izihlahla zoMkhosi kanje:
- Ukunisela... Kunconywa ukuthi ukwenze ngokuya ngokoma kwenhlabathi. Ukunisela kungcono ekuseni kakhulu. Ngenkathi kungekho umbala, amanzi ngesimo seshawa angathelwa emaqabungeni esitshalo. Lapho umbala namajikijolo kuvela, udinga ukuwunisela ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, inqubo yokunisela yenziwa izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Ngokuvela kwezithelo, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe.
- Ukhula nokhukulula... Ukhula kufanele lwenziwe lapho kuvela ukhula. Ungavumeli ukungcoliswa okunzima kwemibhede, ngoba ukhula luthatha izakhi nomswakama emhlabathini. Ngemuva kokuvuna ukhula, inhlabathi idinga ukukhululwa ukuze iphefumule.
- Umanyolo... Inqubo yokudla yenziwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Umanyolo awunconywa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezithelo. Ukondla, ungasebenzisa izinto eziphilayo (ubulongwe bezinkomo, ubulongwe bezinkukhu, i-humus) noma umanyolo okhethekile wamaminerali athengiswa ezitolo.
Njenganoma yiziphi izitshalo ezitshaliwe, ama-strawberry angahlaselwa izinambuzane. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukwelashwa kuyadingeka. Ukucubungula kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuvuna.
Izinambuzane
- Imbuzane esobala... Ithinta amahlamvu, ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, futhi amajikijolo abe amancane. Ngemuva kokuvuna amajikijolo, izitshalo zidinga ukwelashwa nge-karbofos.
- Ama-Nematode... Zitholakala emaqabungeni futhi zithinta ngokuphelele izihlahla. Ama-strawberry ayayeka ukukhula. Izitshalo ezinjalo ezigulayo kufanele zisuswe engadini.
- Izintuthwane... Zonakalisa izithelo zezitshalo. Ukuze uwasuse, udinga ukufafaza umhlabathi eduze kwezihlahla nge-soda.
- Ama-Slugs, iminenke... Bathanda ukuzitika ngamajikijolo amnandi. Uma kuneziningi zazo, zingasicekela phansi ngokuphelele isivuno. Ungabhekana nabo ngosizo lwezidakamizwa ezikhethekile ezithengiwe. Ungenza futhi uthango lwamagatsha anameva noma amagobolondo azungeze umkhawulo wemibhede. Kunzima ngama-slugs ukunqoba isithiyo esinjalo. Futhi izimbaza ziyesaba i-soda.
Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, ekwindla, inhlabathi iphathwa ngama-disinfectants. Ngesikhathi esifanele kuyadingeka ukususa amahlamvu omile nokulawula umswakama wenhlabathi.
Izifo
Izifo ze-Strawberry zifaka:
- Isikhunta se-Powdery... Lesi sitshalo simbozwa ukuqhakaza okumpunga, izithelo ziqala ukubumba. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, udinga ukufafaza izihlahla ngesisombululo se-soda ngaphambi kokuba umbala uqale.
- Ukubuna okuqondile... Amabala amnyama aqala ukuvela emaqabungeni, bese amaqabunga eqala ukufa. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka sibuna futhi ngokushesha sife ngokuphelele. Izihlahla ezinegciwane kufanele zisuswe engadini ngesikhathi futhi zishiswe ukuze lesi sifo singasabalali.
Futhi, ukunakekelwa kwama-strawberry kufaka phakathi ukukulungiselela ubusika. Okokuqala, izihlahla zidinga ukukhulunywa. Kungcono ukungasenzi ukhula ukuze ungalimazi izimpande.
Izitshalo zasebusika kahle ngaphansi kweqhwa, kepha uma ubusika endaweni yakho bungekho iqhwa, izihlahla zidinga ukumbozwa.
Ngalezi zinhloso, kufanelekile: utshani, amahlamvu, amagatsha e-spruce, umvini. Kusuka ezintweni zokwenziwa, ungasebenzisa i-agrofiber. Ukulungiselela kufanele kwenziwe ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa.
Ukukhula kwama-strawberry ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Festivalnaya chamomile kuyinqubo elula. Kepha, ukuthola isivuno esihle samajikijolo amnandi, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka izitshalo ngokunakekelwa okufanele.