Ukukhulisa isihlahla, abalimi basebenzisa usizo lwamapulazi akhethekile futhi bathenge izithombo abazotshala kuzo. Kepha kunenye indlela, enzima kakhulu futhi ezothatha isikhathi esithe xaxa.
Ungatshala isihlahla sehhabhula ngembewu.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi utshale isihlahla kusuka enzalweni ye-apula ekhaya?
Le nqubo ithatha isikhathi eside. futhi kungaba yingozi impela. Ngoba izithelo ezivelayo zingahluka kakhulu ekunambithekeni kwesitshalo sokuqala.
Lapho ukhula isihlahla se-apula kusuka enzalweni, umphumela wokutshala uzokwaziwa kuphela ngemuva kwesithelo sokuqala, esenzeka ngonyaka wesi-5 wokuphila.
Izinto zokugcina zingatholakala:
- Isihlahla esigcwele esithela izithelo ezimnandi ezahlukahlukene.
- Isihlahla sama-apula sasendle esinezithelo ezincane ezilungele ukucutshungulwa.
- Kukhona nethuba lokuthola isitshalo sokuhlobisa, izithelo zaso ezizoba zinhle, kepha hhayi ezihlwabusayo.
Uma ulandela yonke imibandela yokutshala isihlahla se-apula kusuka enzalweni, kunamathuba aphezulu okuthola umuthi wezinhlobonhlobo... Inketho engcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa isithombo saminyaka yonke ngesiphunzi sesitshalo esivuthiwe.
Ukuzivikela ekutheni ungatholi izinto ezilungele ukutshalwa, kungcono ukuhluma imbewu embalwaekhishwe ezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula.
Ungayikhetha kanjani imbewu yokukhulisa isihlahla se-apula?
Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi ukutshala isihlahla se-apula kusuka embewini kuyinkqubo enzima futhi ende, futhi ukuze iphele empumelelweni, udinga ukukhetha imbewu efanele.
Kufanele baqine futhi bavuthiwe. Izinto ezinjalo zokutshala zihlukaniswa ngombala wazo omnyama nombala ofanayo.
Futhi, akufanele kube khona umonakalo owenziwe ngemishini embewini, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyisusa ku-apula ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuze uzilungiselele kahle, landela lezi zinyathelo:
- Ukuwasha - ukususa ungqimba oluvimbayo oluphazamisa ukuhluma, imbewu ekhethiwe ibekwa esitsheni ngamanzi afudumele bese inyakazisa ngesipuni esincane imizuzu engu-3-5, kungcono ukuphinda le nqubo kaningana. Ngemuva kwalokho amanzi akhanywa kusetshenziswa i-sieve noma i-gauze.
- Cwilisa - bese imbewu ithelwa ngamanzi bese ibekwa endaweni efudumele izinsuku eziyi-3-4. Ngosuku 3, abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ukungeza isikhuthazi sokukhula esitsheni. Amanzi kufanele aguqulwe nsuku zonke ukugwema ukuma.
- Ukuqina - ngosizo lwale nqubo, imbewu iyaqina futhi ilungiselelwe indawo yazo yemvelo.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa isipuni sokhuni noma induku ngoba le nto kungenzeka ingalimazi imbewu.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza ukuhlukaniswa:
- Izinto zokutshala zixutshwe ne-peat nesihlabathi kusilinganiso esingu-1 kuye ku-3, bese kuthi ingxube evelayo imanziswe kuze kube yilapho amanzi eqala ukucwila ebusweni.
- Ngokusho kwabalimi, i-substrate enhle kakhulu yi-moss exutshwe ne-sawdust.
- Inhlanganisela yesihlabathi, i-sawdust ne-carbon activated nayo iyasetshenziswa.
Imbewu kufanele ibe se-substrate ekhethiwe izinsuku eziyisithupha ekamelweni lokushisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, bazokhukhumala. Ngemuva kwalokho adluliselwa esiqandisini izinyanga ezi-2-3.
Ungasitshala kanjani isihlahla se-apula etsheni. Ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu:
Izimo zokutshala amathambo
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, kukhethwe abanamandla kunabo bonke futhi abanempilo kunabo bonke... Noma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka sikulungele ukufakelwa imbewu ekhaya.
Lapho indaba isilungile, yenza okulandelayo:
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu, kulungiswa isitsha esikhethekile, esivame ukuba yibhokisi noma isitsha. Kufanele kube nezimbobo ezansi zokukhipha umswakama owedlulele.
- Ngemuva kwalokho ungqimba lokuhambisa amanzi lwenziwa ngobumba olunwetshiwe, amatshe amancane nezinye izinto ezifanayo.
- Umhlabathi omnyama usetshenziswa njengomhlabathi ovundile, inhlabathi enjalo inazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo esihlahleni esincane.
- Ngesikhathi sokutshala, kusetshenziswa uhlelo olulandelayo: ububanzi obuphakathi kwemigqa ngamasentimitha ayi-15-20, futhi phakathi kwembewu kungu-2-3.
- Ukujula kokugxile akufanele kudlule amasentimitha ama-2.
- Lapho-ke inhlabathi iyaniselwa kakhulu.
- Lapho kuniselwa izitshalo, zisebenza ngokucophelela ukuze zingagugi inhlabathi futhi zingadaluli imbewu engakavuthwa.
- Lapho nje iqabunga lesibili lamaqabunga livela ezihlahleni ezikhulile, udinga ukuzihlunga, ususe izitshalo ezibuthakathaka nezihlahla zama-apula asendle. Zihlukile kunezinhlobonhlobo ngoba zinamaqabunga amancane futhi anemibala egqamile, ameva avela ezihlokweni. Ngakho-ke, ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla lenyuka laya kumasentimitha ayi-7-8.
Ekhaya, izihlahla zama-apula zigcinwa okungenani iminyaka emi-4., kulokhu, bazokwazi ukuqina futhi ngokuzayo bazobe sebekulungele ukufakelwa endaweni evulekile.
Uma ifulethi lingavumeli isikhathi eside kangako ukugcina isihlahla esincane, singafakwa endaweni yensimu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bavikela isitshalo ekushiseni okubandayo, izinambuzane, umoya nezinye izinkinga.
Njalo ngonyaka kuyadingeka ukwandisa ivolumu yesitsha lapho kukhula khona umuthi we-apula. Lokhu kuzosiza isihlahla ukuthi sakhe uhlelo lwempande olufanele.
Ungasitshala kanjani isihlahla se-apula etsheni. Ukufakelwa kwembewu ehluma emhlabathini:
Ukunisela - ngomuthi omncane we-apula, ukuthambisa ngesikhathi esifanele kungumthombo oyinhloko wokuziphilisa, ngaphandle kwawo, uhlelo lwempande olungakaqini ngeke lukwazi ukuthola umswakama owanele futhi isihlahla singafa.
Kungcono ukwenza le nqubo kanye ngesonto, ugweme ukwakheka koqweqwe olomile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu - kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, izithasiselo ezisebenzayo eziphilayo, ezibandakanya umquba noma ubulongwe bezinyoni, zingalimaza isitshalo.
Zingadala ukusha futhi zingadala izifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubuyisela la manyolo ngokufakwa kwe-humus.
Ukumisa ukukhula kwamaqabunga nokuthuthukisa ukuvuthwa kwezinkuni, ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, isihlahla se-apula sondliwa ngama-potassium-phosphorus supplements.
Kumitha ngayinye yesikwele yezitshalo, kuthelwa inani elilandelayo likamanyolo:
- 15-20 amagremu we-potassium chloride;
- 30-40 amagremu we-superphosphate.
Ukuze izakhamzimba zingene ohlelweni lwempande ngesikhathi sokudla inhlabathi kumele ikhululwe ngokucophelela futhi iniselwe kakhulu.
Ukufakelwa kabusha ukuvula umhlaba
Lapho nje isithombo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-4 ubudala, ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Le nqubo yenziwa kangcono ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi noma ngoSepthemba.
Ukuze isihlahla simile endaweni entsha, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yokutshala.
Ukukhanyisa okuhle kufaka isandla ekukhuleni okulungile nasekuvuthweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu yezithelo.
Futhi udinga ukunaka izinga lokuvela kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kufanele okungenani abe imitha eli-1 ukujula. Ubuchwepheshe benqubo abuhlukile ekutshalweni kwezithombo ezithengwe enkulisa.
Ungasitshala kanjani isihlahla se-apula egatsheni?
Uma indlela yokukhulisa isihlahla sezithelo kusuka enhlanyelweni ibonakala iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa ukusakazwa kwe-cuttings... Ukuthola isithombo egatsheni, umsebenzi wokulungiselela uqala ekupheleni kwekwindla.
Le nqubo futhi iyasebenza impela, kepha kuzothatha isikhathi esincane futhi okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthola ukuhlukahluka okufiswayo.
Ungayilungisa kanjani i-cuttings yokusabalalisa
Abalimi abaningi bazama ukuthola isithombo ngokusika amagatsha angalungiselelwe bese bewafaka emanzini. Kepha kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwazi ukulinda ukuthi izimpande zivele.
Ukwenza inqubo iphumelele, ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi - ekuqaleni kobusika, ukusikwa kulungiselelwa ukusakazwa usebenzisa lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:
- Okokuqala, kukhethwa igatsha eliqinile, elincane nelivuthiwe; iminyaka yalo kufanele ibe yiminyaka engu-1-2.
- Umaphakathi wayo kufanele wephulwe kahle ngaphandle kokulimaza amagxolo. Ngenxa yalokhu, indawo ekhethiwe igobile kuze kuvele ukuqhuma.
- Ngemuva kwalokho indawo elimele ibuye iphindwe nge-scotch tape noma nge-tape kagesi.
- Isinyathelo sokugcina kuzoba ukunamathisela ukwesekwa, okungaba yinduku ejwayelekile. Ngeke avumele igatsha eligobile ukuthi liqonde.
Ungatshala kanjani kahle izinto zokutshala ezilungiselelwe?
Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezintambo, isihlahla sizozama ukuziphilisa ngokuzimela, ngoba lokhu inani elikhulu lomsoco lizoya ezindaweni ezilimele.
Ngosizo lokukhohlisa okunjalo ngo-Ephreli, isihlahla se-apula sizobe sesikulungele ukuqala inqubo yokuzalanisa:
- Isinyathelo sokuqala ukususa ukugoqa, ngemuva kwalokho igatsha lisikwa ezindaweni ezilimele.
- Ngokuhluma okusikiwe, kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhodlela elimnyama elinqampuliwe eligcwele amanzi ancibilikile noma amanzi emvula.
- Ukuze inqubo isebenze kahle kakhulu, amaphilisi amaningi ekhabhoni acushiwe ayachithwa emanzini.
- Uma ugcwalisa isitsha ezingeni lamasentimitha ayi-10, ungafaka ukusika okungu-10 kuso.
- Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, izimpande zizovela ngaphansi kweziqu ezisemanzini.
- Ibhodlela elinamagatsha ahluma libekwa kahle efasiteleni.
Lapho nje izimpande zifinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha ayi-7, zingatshalwa ziphephe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Uma umuthi omncane unikezwa ngokunisela okujwayelekile nokuvikelwa elangeni elikhanyayo, khona-ke ungazivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha.
Ukuhluma isihlahla sehhabhula embewini inqubo enzima kakhulu., engenziwa kuphela ngumlimi onolwazi, kepha ukusatshalaliswa kwe-cuttings nakho kufanelekile kubalimi be-novice.
Kunoma ikuphi, umuthi ovelayo uzoba ngomunye othandwa kakhulu kusayithi.