Ukuzalela nokukhulisa izigwaca ekhaya akuyona indawo yokugcina epulazini. Inyoni ithole ukuthandwa kwayo ngenxa yamaqanda ayo amnandi futhi anempilo. Kepha izigwaca azizaliswanga ngalesi sizathu kuphela. Abalimi abaningi bazigcinela inyama enomsoco edliwayo lapho izinhlobo eziningi zezinkukhu zaziwa khona.
Kuqale kuphi konke
Izigwaca ezivamile inyoni encane umndeni we-pheasant, ummeleli omncane kunabo bonke we-inkukhu oda. Ubude bomzimba wayo bungu-20 cm kuphela, kanti isisindo somuntu omdala sisuka ku-80 kuye ku-150 amagremu.
Umbala wophaphe izigwaca ezejwayelekile beige ezinamabala nemivimbo. Abesilisa banesibeletho esimnyama, futhi eduze kwamehlo kukhona indawo emnyama ekhonjisiwe ebukeka njengesigqoko sokuzivikela. Abesifazane abanalezi zindawo.
Ngokwemvelo yayo, izigwaca ezijwayelekile kakhulu inyoni enamahloni, okuyinto emvelweni kunzima kakhulu ukuyibona. Izigwaca zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, zigcwala ngamasonto amabili. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinyoni ezincane bezilokhu zizama ukundiza. Izigwaca zingenye yezinyoni ezifudukayo zohlelo lwezinkukhu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina inyoni ekuthunjweni ezinkanjini.
Abafuyi bafuye izinhlobo eziningi zezigwaca, ezifuywa egcekeni elizimele ukuze zithole inyama namaqanda. Ukusebenza kokukhula kwalezi zinyoni kuhle kakhulu. Phila isisindo sowesilisa izigwaca ezifuywayo zisukela ku-110 kuye ku-180 amagremu, kuya ngohlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane besagwaca abafuywayo bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa. Isisindo sabo singafinyelela kuma-250 amagremu. Ukubeka amaqanda iqala kusenesikhathi, inezinsuku ezingama-50 ubudala. Ezinye izinhlobo ziqala ukubeka kamuva. Owesifazane ngamunye ukhiqiza amaqanda angaphezu kwama-300 ngonyaka, asetshenziselwa izinhloso zokupheka kanye nokufukamela. Isisindo seqanda elilodwa sifinyelela kumagremu ayi-14.
Izigwaca azitshalwa endlini yezwe kuphela. Ukuze kutholakale izidumbu zenyama namaqanda okudla, kwakhiwa amapulazi ezigwaca. Ukuzalela izagwaca - lo ngumsebenzi obiza kakhulu, ekuqaleni ungasebenzisa inqolobane ejwayelekile.
Izinhlobonhlobo nezici zazo
Izinhlobo eziningi zezigwaca ziye zafuywa, ezinqoba abalimi ngezimfanelo zabo. Izinhlobo zebroiler ziyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngesamba esikhulu senyama ngezindleko eziphansi. Izinhlobo zamaqanda aqukethe ikakhulukazi ukuthola amaqanda amakhulu, adingeka kakhulu emakethe yabathengi.
ITexas
Lolu hlobo lwenyoni lwazalelwa ukuthola inyama... Izagwaca zaseTexas zidlula ezinye izinhlobo. Izinkukhu zohlobo lwe-Broiler, ezadalwa kusetshenziswa izinhlobo zenyama yezigwaca.
Izici:
Ama-Texans anombala wophaphe omhlophe njengeqhwa, lawo adume ngawo ngokwegama lesidlaliso ama-albino noma imidondoshiya emhlophe... Kwesinye isikhathi, amabala amnyama amnyama angabonakala kophaphe olumhlophe lwenyoni. Lokhu kujwayelekile.
Ngaphandle, izigwaca zalolu hlobo enkulu... Isifuba sohlobo lwenyama olubonakalisiwe: luyindilinga, lubanzi. Imilenze, umsila nentamo yenyoni kufushane. Ithiphu yomlomo imnyama, amehlo ezigwaca amnyama.
Ikhwalithi yenyama
Inyoni ejwayelekile yalolu hlobo ikhiqiza kuze kufike kumagremu angama-250 enyama. Nini ukudla okufanele nokuqukethwe, iyakwazi ukuthola kuze kufike ku-550 amagremu.
Okubalulekile! Udinga ukondla inyoni ngokufunza okukhethekile futhi ubheke isisindo sayo. Abesifazane abakhuluphele abakwazi ukubeka amaqanda. Njengomthetho, abesilisa bagcinelwa ukukhuluphala.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda
Iqanda lokuqala kwabesifazane balolu hlobo lwakhiwa eneminyaka emibili yezinyanga. Amaqanda makhulu impela. Ngonyaka owodwa, insikazi iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-280, ngesisindo esimaphakathi esingu-12 gram.
Manchurian
Kuyathakazelisa! Lolu hlobo lungenye yezidume kakhulu emhlabeni. Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi.
Incazelo
Izigwaca zamaManchu yizinyoni ezinhle kakhulu. Umbala wophaphe ihlanganisa izimpaphe ezinemibala ephuzi futhi nsundu. Abantu babiza lezi zigwaca ngegolide. Esifubeni sowesifazane ungabona amabala amnyama wesici, okungekho owesilisa.
Chaza izigwaca zocansi ungabheka kuphela u-100% ngaphansi komsila wale nyoni. Indoda inendlala phakathi komsila ne-cloaca, kuthi lapho icindezelwa kukhishwe udaba olumhlophe. Abesifazane abanayo le ndlala.
Ukukhiqiza kwezinyoni
Uhlobo lwezigwaca lwaseManchu lwaziwa ngalo izimfanelo zenyama neqanda... Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda abesifazane kufika emaqanda ayi-180 ngonyaka, kepha makhulu kakhulu kunamanye. Isisindo samaqanda esifinyelela ku-18 gram.
Abesilisa balolu hlobo bathola isisindo sama-gramu ayi-150, kepha ngokukhuluphala okufanele, izinyoni ziyakwazi ukunikeza amanani aphezulu. Isisindo sesidumbu sesilinganiso - 300 amagremu.
UFaro inyama izigwaca
Isici esiyinhloko salezi zinyoni sihle inyama yesidumbu.
Isici
Ngaphandle, izinyoni zalolu hlobo zifana nezihlobo zasendle. Umbala wezimpaphe OFaro banombala onsundu ngokumpunga. Abesifazane banemivimbo emhlophe futhi emnyama esifubeni. Isisindo sabesifazane siphakeme kakhulu kunesabesilisa.
Ikhwalithi yenyama
OFaro bangokwezigwaca zenyama. Ephakathi isisindo sowesifazane ifinyelela kumagremu angama-300, kuthi owesilisa abe mncane kancane. Ikhwalithi ehlukile yalolu hlobo ngu ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi... Ukuhlatshwa kungenziwa ngezinyanga ezimbili. Izigwaca zalezi zinhlobo zidinga ukudla okulinganiselayo.
Ukubeka amaqanda
Owesifazane kaFaro uqala ukulala cishe izinsuku ezingama-45. Kodwa-ke, amaqanda okuqala awasetshenziselwa ukufukamela. Isisindo seqanda kuze kufike ku-15 amagremu. Owesifazane ojwayelekile uyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-200 ngonyaka owodwa wokuzala amaqanda ngamandla. Abesifazane kumele bondliwe kahle ukukhiqiza amaqanda.
California
Izigwaca zaseCalifornia azisatshalaliswa kabanzi futhi zigcinelwa ubuhle. Ukukhulisa lezi zinyoni akusizi. Izinga eliphansi lokusinda lezilwane ezisencane, ukusebenza kabi kokukhula.
Kuyadingeka ukugcina lolu hlobo ezimweni zemvelo kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho inyoni ilahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa.
IsiJapane
Inkomba! Izigwaca zaseJapan zihlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu. Izinyoni zokuqondisa kweqanda, inyama nenyama exubekile nesiqondiso seqanda.
Incazelo
Izimpaphe zezigwaca zaseJapane zinombala onsundu ogqwalile umbala... Kwabesilisa, indawo yekhola imnyama ukwedlula yabesifazane.
Izici zokukhiqiza
Isisindo senyoni iyashintshashintsha, kuye ngomugqa wozalo. Ngokwesilinganiso, kungafika kumagremu ayi-150. Izinhlobo zezinyoni zamaqanda zindiza kahle. Isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kwamaqandaabesifazane benza amaqanda angaphezu kwama-300 ngonyaka.
I-Tuxedo
Lolu hlobo lwavela ekuweleni izigwaca zesiNgisi ezimhlophe nezimnyama. Ngaphandle, inyoni enhle kakhulu enkulu.
Isici
Inyoni ine-tuxedo umbala wophaphe... Esifubeni, uphaphe lunombala okhanyayo, kuthi emuva kube mnyama. Abesifazane nabesilisa balolu hlobo bayefana ngombala.
Ukukhiqiza
Lezi zinyoni zikhuliswa kakhulu ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa. Isisindo sowesifazane kungu-180 kuphela amagremu, futhi abesilisa abangeqi ku-150 amagremu. Le nyoni ikhiqiza kahle amaqanda. Izilwanyana zesagwaca zaseTuxedo zizalela amaqanda angama-280 ngonyaka.
Izici zokuzala
Ukuzalela izigwaca ekotishi lasehlobo kulula. Azidingi isikhala esiningi, izindleko ezinkulu zezezimali futhi azihloniphi ekunakekelweni. Konke okudingwa yinyoni ukufudumala, ukukhanya nokudla okulinganiselayo. Kukhulu inzuzo Izigwaca amaqanda angadliwa noma eluhlaza. Inyoni ayithinteki salmonellosis.
Ukuzalisa inyoni, umfuyi kufanele anqume ngohlobo kanye nenhloso yokuzalanisa izigwaca. Zonke izinhlobo zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana:
- inyama izigwaca;
- iqanda izinyoni;
- inyama - iqanda izinhlobo.
Izinhlobo zokugcina izinyoni zidingeka kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngaphezu kwamaqanda, ungathola okuhle inyama.
Ukufukamela kwamaqanda
Ngoba ukuzalanisa izagwaca ngidinga i-incubator. Lokhu kungaba okokusebenza okwenziwe ekhaya noma isitolo esithengiwe. I-incubator encane ejwayelekile ingagcina amaqanda angama-400.
Okubalulekile! Izigwaca zesifazane zasekhaya ziphelelwe amandla okufukamela amaqanda. Kudingeka kuphela ukuchamisela ukukhula okuncane ku-incubator.
Inkathi yokufukanyelwa ihlala izinsuku eziyi-17. Ngosuku lwe-18, ukufukamela kuyaphela. Uma kubonakala izinga lokushisa elidingekayo, ukuchanyiswa kwentsha kuphezulu kakhulu.
Isikhathi sonke sokufukamela izinga lokushisa ekamelweni ligcinwa kuma-38-38.5 degrees. Umswakama womoya kufanele ube ngaphezu kwama-50%. Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, ukuqedwa kunokuthula futhi kuphela emahoreni ayisithupha.
Ukukhulisa nokunakekela amaphuphu
Intsha echanyuselwe ihlukaniswa ukuhamba kwayo. Iqukethe izigwaca kuyadingeka ku-brooder ekhethekile, lapho kugcinwa khona izinga lokushisa lomoya elidingekayo. Izinsuku zokuqala eziyi-14 izinga lokushisa akufanele lehle ngaphansi kwama-38 degrees.
Okubalulekile! Unganquma ukushisa okunethezeka ngokuziphatha kwamachwane. Uma abasha besenqwabeni, izigwaca ziyabanda. Emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile ku-brooder, amaphuphu alala ezinhlangothini zawo kulo lonke uzungezo, enwetshiwe imilenze.
Kusukela ngosuku lwe-15 izinga lokushisa ku-brooder lehliselwa kuma-degree angama-25. Ngesikhathi senyanga eyodwa, amaphuphu kufanele ajwayele ukushisa kwegumbi okujwayelekile, okungama-degree angama-20-22.
Uzungeze iwashi imodi elula ukusekelwa kwezinsuku eziyi-14 zokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nyoni idluliselwa emahoreni ajwayelekile emini.
Khumbula! Izigwaca zithanda ukukhanyisa okulingene. Izinyoni zilwa ngokukhanya okukhanyayo. Ama-light light angasetshenziswa ukuvimbela ukukhonjwa.
Ukondla izigwaca ekhaya
Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuchanyuselwa, amaphuphu adinga amavithamini namaminerali. Ungasebenzisa ikhwalithi okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe ezilwaneni ezincane, eziqukethe zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Uma kungekho kudla, unganikeza izigwaca amaqanda abilisiwe, agayiwe abekwe endishini.
Okubalulekile! Udinga ukususa ukudla okweqile njalo. Ezimweni ezishisayo ze-brooder, phakela ngokushesha okumuncu futhi izinyoni zingafakwa ubuthi.
Kusukela ngosuku 4 ama-corn grits amancane, i-cottage shizi nokudla okuphelele kwezilwane ezisencane kwethulwa kokuphakelayo.
Izinsuku eziyi-8 kuya kwezingu-20 ekudleni okuyinhloko kwezilwane ezincane kuphela ukudla okuhlanganisiwe. Ungangeza imifino, izaqathe, imfucuza yenyama.
Khumbula! Yonke imikhiqizo enikelwayo kufanele inikezwe ngamanani amancane futhi kufanele ibhekwe ukusha kwayo. Ukulungiselela okuphakelayo, udinga ukuthi ugaye kahle zonke izingcezu ezinkulu nezinzima.
Kusukela ngosuku lwama-20 ukondla izigwaca ezincane akuhlukile kokondla abantu abadala.
Ngeviki le-10 ukukhula okusha kuqeda futhi kuqala ukuthomba... Kusukela ngosuku lwe-45, izinhlobo eziningi ziyaqala ukubekela amaqanda.
Okubalulekile! Izigwaca zondliwa ngabantu abaphuza i-vacuum, okungafanele zijule kakhulu futhi zibanzi. Amachwane amancane angaminza kwabaphuzayo, ukugwema lokhu, kubekwa amatshe phansi kwabaphuzayo. Amanzi okuphuza kufanele abiliswe.
Ukondla izigwaca zabantu abadala
Okondla abantu abadala abondli nabaphuzayo ikhishwe esibayeni. Izinyoni zinamathisela amakhanda emiphakathini ukuze zidle. Le ndlela yokondla inciphisa izindleko zokudla okuhlanganisiwe.
Izinyoni ezindala bondliwe kathathu ngosuku, ngenkathi kudla ama-gramu angama-30 wokuphakelayo umuntu ngamunye.
Kwabesifazane, umsoco ongcono kakhulu wukudla okulinganiselayo kokubeka izikhukhukazi. Kwesinye isikhathi okusanhlamvu, imfucuza yensimu yemifino, amakhambi nezithelo kuyangezwa kokuphakelayo. Ukudla kwesikhukhukazi esizalelayo kumele kuqukathe amagobolondo agayiwe, ushoki, isihlabathi, inhlanzi ebilisiwe.
Okubalulekile! Abesifazane badinga ukunikezwa ukudla ngokuqinile ngokohlelo, okungadluli umthamo. Ukukhuluphala kwezinyoni kuholela ekulahlekelweni kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.
Ukondla izinyoni zenyama
Lapho ufinyelela izigwaca izinyanga zeminyaka bahlukaniswe ubulili. Abesilisa nabesifazane abenqatshiwe batshalwa ngokwehlukana futhi bondliwe inyama.
Fattening Kwenziwa lokushisa 22 degrees kanye ukukhanya ongaphakeme. Imodi yokondla ngoba lezi zinyoni zehlukile. Izigwaca zondliwa izikhathi ezine ngosuku, futhi ngemithamo emikhulu. Engxenyeni yokuqala yosuku, kufakwa ifolishi eluhlaza, kuthi kusihlwa banikeze imfucuza yokusanhlamvu. Isikhathi sokukhuluphala cishe izinsuku ezingama-60.
Ukuhlatshwa kwenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho inyoni izuza isisindo somzimba esidingekayo. Ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa, izigwaca aziphakelwa amahora ayisithupha. Kusala amanzi ezitsheni zokuphuza kuphela.
Izici zokutshala ebusika
- Kugcinwa izigwaca amaseli aphansi nge-mesh floor, eyenza ukuhlanzwa kube lula futhi kunciphise ubungozi bezifo.
- Ebusika izinga lokushisa endlini akufanele yehle ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-16. Ngokugxuma okubukhali emazingeni okushisa noma ngamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda abesifazane kwehla kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuthuthuka lenyoni kufanele libe ngama-degree angama-22.
Izigwaca
Ngokuvamile, imfuyo iqala ugula ngenxa yokushintsha kokuphakelayo, izimo zokuphila ezingezinhle, ukudla okuphansi, ukungabi nezakhamzimba.
Ukudla okunomsoco nokugcinwa kahle
Izigwaca zinenkinga yokushoda kwamavithamini, akhula ngokushoda kwezakhamzimba noma ukwephulwa kokudla, ushintsho kokuphakelayo.
Kuzimpawu zesifo kungabalwa:
- ukungathembeki izimpaphe;
- ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla;
- ukukhathala;
- ukugumbuqela amakhanda;
- ukuzelula intamo.
Izinyoni zishintsha ukudla kwazo, zingenisa izakhi zomzimba eziningi, ziqaphe umbuso wokudla.
Uma kwephulwa imibandela yokugcina izinkukhu abahlaselwe yizifo ezilandelayo:
- ukuyeka isikole oviduct;
- ubuzimuzimu;
- ukuyeka isikole izimpaphe;
Kwanele ukulungisa imibandela yokuboshwa nezinyoni zishaya emuva. Shintsha ukugqama kokukhanyisa, wehlise isibalo sabantu abasehokweni bese wethula amavithamini namaminerali alahlekile.
Ukubuyekezwa kwezigwaca ezivela kubafuyi
Abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukuzalela izigwaca Izinhlobo zikaFaro noWhite Texan. Izinyoni zikhula kahle, azijwayele ukungcofa, futhi zikhuluphele kahle.
Ukukhula okuncane ihlukaniswa ngobungqabavu obuhle, ukuzivikela komzimba futhi ikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke noma umfuyi we-novice ngeke abe nobunzima obukhulu ekukhuliseni abantu abagcwele.
Izigwaca zokuzalela azikho nzima kunezinkukhu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womfuyi - ukugcina inhlanzeko, ukunamathela ezimweni zokuvalelwa nokondliwa. Ngendlela efanele yokukhulisa izigwaca, izinyoni ziyashesha ukukhiqiza futhi zikhula kahle.