Ukukhula nokukha ukhukhamba kungumsebenzi odinga ulwazi namakhono athile, anama-nuances awo. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokutshala le mifino: budedengu - imbewu ehlwanyelwe itshalwe ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo; isithombo - imbewu iqala ukutshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Indlela yokuqala iyancomeka, ayihlukumezi kangako izithombo ezibucayi, kepha ezifundeni zezulu lapho isithwathwa singenzeka khona ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ukhetho lwesibili ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola isivuno kusenesikhathi.
Yini ukukha ukhukhamba
Imbewu yezithombo ivame ukutshalwa ezitsheni ezincane. Njengoba uhlelo lwempande lukhula, isithombo siyantuleka futhi sidinga ukufakelwa kabusha.
Ukukha inqubo yokutshala kabusha isitshalo esincane kusuka esitsheni esincane kuya kwesikhulu.
Abalimi bezingadi nabalimi bengakafiki esivumelwaneni sokuthi ukufakelwa okuthile kuyasiza noma kuyingozi. Abanye bathi le nqubo ilimaza kanzima izimpande futhi kuvimbela ukukhula kwesihlumela. Abanye - hlobo luni lokunyakazisa iZelentsy. Kuvusa ukuvela kwezimpande ezengeziwe futhi kwenza amahlumela aqine, aqine, abe nzima.
Ngaphandle kombono ongaqondakali, ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka nje.
Kungani utshuza ukhukhamba
Ukhukhamba yizitshalo ezintekenteke futhi noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka nenqubo yokukhula kwemvelo kungathinta ukukhula. ngakho-ke Kunconywa ukuwatshala ngqo emhlabathini noma ezitsheni, lapho ungeke udinge ukufakelwa kabusha.
Ngaphandle kwezimo ezilandelayo:
- Usayizi wesitsha ongafanelekile. Uma umkhumbi okhula kuwo izithombo ungalingani ngosayizi, amahlumela angazizwa kabi, alimale futhi angami kahle. Esitsheni esikhulu kakhulu, izimpande zingabola, ngoba kungaba nzima ukubala amanzi okunisela. Ngeke kube nasikhala esanele esitshalweni esincane futhi sizoma ukuthuthuka kahle, singanweba, siphenduke siphuzi. Lokhu kufaka necala lapho imbewu eningi itshalwe ebhokisini elilodwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziyaxinana futhi zidinga ukuzihlalisa. Amahlumela aqine kakhulu kufanele akhethwe.
- Ukungabikho kwelanga. Kwenzeka ukuthi isikhathi sifike sokutshala izithombo emhlabathini, kepha esimweni sezulu esibandayo nemvula, lokhu akunakwenziwa. Uqala ukuzelula ngamandla. Kulokhu, kunengqondo ukwenza ukuntywila, ngenkathi ujulisa ingxenye engezansi yesibhamu. Inqubo izokwehlisa ukukhula kancane, futhi izimpande ezengeziwe zizokhula esiqwini esingaphansi komhlaba, okuzohlinzeka ngokudla okungcono ngokuzayo.
- Ukubalwa okungalungile kwesikhathi sokutshala izithombo emhlabathini. Noma isimo sezulu esibi. Izithombo zingatshalwa emhlabathini izinsuku ezingama-30 zihlumile. Izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kufanele libe okungenani ama-degree ayi-16. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amahlumela amancane azothatha izimpande isikhathi eside. ngenxa yalokhu, izitshalo zizokhubazeka futhi isivuno sizovela ngemuva kwesikhathi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe. Uma imbewu itshalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunalokho obekuhlosiwe, unganciphisa ukukhula kwamahlumela ngokukhetha.
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo noma isikhunta. Lapho zivela, udinga ukufakelwa ngokushesha ama-zelents, ubeke umhlaba ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona ukulahleka okuphelele kwesivuno sonke.
Kunoma iliphi lalawa macala, inqubo iyadingeka. Kepha uma kungenzeka, ungavumeli amahlumela amancane ukuthi acindezeleke futhi.
Ubuhle nobubi
Ukhukhamba wokuntywila unezinzuzo nobubi bobabili, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu kufanelekile ukucubungula wonke ama-nuances wezithombo ezikhulayo.
Inzuzo:
- Indlela yenza kube lula ukukhetha amahlumela aqine futhi asebenza kakhulu... Esikhathini esizayo, bazonikeza isivuno esihle.
- Yonga isikhala... Kutshalwa inani elikhulu lembewu ebhokisini elilodwa bese kukhethwa izithombo ezihamba phambili. Ababuthakathaka balahliwe.
- Ngemuva kokufaka kabusha isitshalo esincane, zonke izakhamzimba zitholwa nguye kuphela. Ngokuhlanganiswa nesitsha esinosayizi ofanele nenhlabathi esezingeni, lokhu kukhuthaza ngempumelelo ukukhula nentuthuko.
- Ipiki ikhuthaza ukukhula kohlelo lwempande olunamandla, oluvumela imifino ukuthi ithathe izakhi zomzimba eziphezulu kakhulu emhlabathini.
Ukukhetha kungalimaza ezimweni ezimbili:
- Ukutshala kabusha izithombo ezibuthakathaka ekuqaleni, okuzoholela ekufeni kwezithombo eziningi.
- Ukwephulwa kobuchwepheshe.
Isistimu yezimpande ebuthakathaka yamakhukhamba yisici sabo esiyinhloko. Ukukha akuhlali kunikeza umphumela oyifunayo futhi amahlumela asemuva kakhulu ekukhuleni noma afe.
Kungakho abalimi bezama ukwenza ngaphandle kwale nqubo bese betshala isivuno ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo emhlabathini noma bakhule izithombo esitsheni, umthamo wazo okwanele ukukhula okujwayelekile kwamahlumela amasha ngaphandle kokufaka.
Ifanele le njongo kahle kakhulu Peat izinkomishi... Izitshalo azidingi ukukhishwa kuzo, kepha zitshalwe ngokushesha emhlabathini. Ngaphansi kwethonya lomswakama, zizohlakazeka futhi zisebenze njengomanyolo owengeziwe.
Ukuhlala nini
Ukuze amahlumela athole umonakalo omncane ngesikhathi sokutshuza, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kungenziwa nini. Ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuvulwa kwamaqabunga e-cotyledon noma ngesikhathi sokuvela kwamaqabunga ayi-1-2 eqiniso.
Iqiniso ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo esincane alukakhuli ngokwanele ukuthola umonakalo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, izithombo zizogxila kangcono. Kulokhu, izithombo ziqinile futhi ziqinile, okuzoqinisekisa isivuno esihle ngokuzayo.
Ungatshona kanjani kahle ekhaya
Ukuze inqubo iphumelele, kufanele ulandele imithetho. Ngaphambi kokuntywila, izithombo kufanele zilungiswe, futhi ngemuva kokufaka kabusha, zinakekele kahle.
Ukuqeqesha
Okokuqala, kufanele ulungiselele iziqukathi lapho izithombo zizotshalwa khona, nenhlabathi.
Ungathenga inhlabathi esitolo esikhethekile noma uziphekele wena:
- umhlaba we-turf
- peat
- uthuli lwesaha
- humus
Konke ngokucophelela hlanganisa... Gcwalisa izinkomishi ngenhlabathi, ufafaze ngamanzi bese ushiya usuku ukuze umhlaba uzinze. Ngemuva kwalokho ungaqala ukutshuza.
Izici:
- Usebenzisa i-spatula yepulasitiki noma isipuni, susa ngokucophelela imifino emhlabathini kanye nembumba encane yomhlaba... Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze unciphise izimpande ezibuthakathaka kancane. Ungabamba ngokucophelela izithombo ngamaqabunga. Musa ukudonsa kanzima, kunengozi yokulimala.
- Yenza ukucindezeleka emhlabathini bese wehlisa ngokucophelela ihlumela kuwo.
- Kancane nisela isithombo esitshalwe kabusha, izama ukuvumela umsele wamanzi eceleni kwesiqu. Lokhu kuzovumela izimpande ukuthi zikhule.
- Mboza ngomhlaba, ujulise kancane ihlumela. Kulula ukuyicindezela ngeminwe yakho phansi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izimpande zibe nokuxhumana okuminyene nenhlabathi, okuzovumela izithombo ukuthi zivumelane futhi zikhule ngokushesha.
Imithetho evame ukukhohlwa
- Lungiselela izithombo ngenqubo ezayo. Inhlabathi ebhokisini ithi thambisa ngobuningi... Ukususa amahlumela enhlabathini eyomile, eminyene kunzima futhi kunengozi yokulimala kuwo.
- Musa ukugoba izimpande zesithombo uma zinde kakhulu. Esikhundleni salokho, phusha okweqile ngeminwe yakho. Lokhu kuzobangela ukukhula kwezimpande ezintsha eziseceleni.
- Izithombo ezibuthakathaka, ezilimele noma ezinezifo akufanele zenziwe ngale nqubo, kungenzeka zingabi nezimpande zife. Uma isivuno sibalulekile futhi kunezimbewu ezimbalwa, kufanelekile ukuthi usebenzise indlela ekhulayo engadingi ukutshalwa kabusha kwezitshalo.
- Ukunakekelwa okulungile ngezithombo ngemuva kwenqubo. Babuthakathaka ngalesi sikhathi futhi badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-2-3.
Ungawanakekela kanjani kahle amahlumela amasha
- Izinga lokushisa egumbini lapho kutholakala khona izithombo kufanele libe ngaphakathi 18-20 degrees... Futhi umswakama ungaphezu kwesilinganiso. Izimo ezinjalo zizosiza amahlumela ukuthi agxile futhi akhule aqine.
- Okusalungiswa akufanele kuvunyelwe, ngoba amahlumela awathandi umoya owedlulele namakhaza.
- Inkinga evamile ukungabikho kokukhanya kwezitshalo ezincane entwasahlobo. Amahlumela aqala ukujika aphuzi futhi welule. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukugqamisa imifino ngokubeka isibani kude no-5-10 cm ukusuka kumahlumela. Isikhathi sasemini sezithombo zamakhukhamba kufanele okungenani sibe ngamahora ayi-7-10. Amalambu ajwayelekile we-incandescent awafanele ukukhanyisa izithombo ekhaya. Banobubanzi bemisebe encane, ngenxa yokuthi ukukhanya kwabo ngeke kwanele. Zikhipha nokushisa okuningi, izitshalo zizopheka nje.
Ngalezi zinhloso, i-fluorescent, i-LED, i-phytolamp ifaneleke kahle. Azishisi ngesikhathi somsebenzi, ezivumela ukuba zisondelane nezitshalo.
- Kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama womhlabathi. Akufanele ivunyelwe ukuthi ibe nexhaphozi noma yomile, inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi ngokulingene. Inani elilungile lamanzi - 1-2 ngesonto... Ungasebenzisa kuphela amanzi ekamelweni lokushisa.
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, izithombo zingondliwa Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi okhethekile... Ungazenzela ifomula ngokwakho.
Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi okhethekile - wamalitha ayi-10 amanzi
- i-ammonium nitrate - 7 g
- i-superphosphate - 1 g
- i-potassium sulfate - 8 g
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungasetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye ngokunisela ngokohlelo olulandelayo:
- Izinsuku ezingu-5-7 ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha
- Emavikini ama-2
- Izinsuku eziyi-1-2 ngaphambi kokwehla uye endaweni ehlala unomphela
Ukhukhamba okhulayo inqubo enzima. Akunakubizwa ngokuthi abathobekile. Kepha uma wenza lo msebenzi ngokuzibophezela, ungathola isivuno esihle kakhulu.