I-Carrot Queen of Autumn iqinisekisa igama layo ngenxa yobuholi bayo phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezifika sekwedlule izaqathi, ezaziswa abalimi ngesivuno sabo esiphezulu, ukunambitheka okuhle, ukubukeka nempilo eshalofini ende.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezici zayo
Izinhlobonhlobo zeQueen of Autumn zingaphansi kweqembu lezitshalo ezivuthwa sekwephuzile. Ukuvuna kuqala maphakathi no-Okthoba.
Isitshalo esine-rosette yamaqabunga esakazekayo enamaqabunga aphakathi kombala oluhlaza okhanyayo.
Izithelo zinesimo esijwayelekile esihlanganisiwe nobude obufinyelela kuma-30 cm. Ubukhulu bemifino ngayinye busuka ku-160 kuye ku-200 g.
I-pulp ine-tint yendabuko ye-orange futhi ebonakala ngobuningi, ujusi nobumnandi.
Izinga likashukela kuzaqathe liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-11%, futhi inani le-carotene nge-100 g ngayinye yemikhiqizo isukela ku-10 kuye ku-17 g.
Izinzuzo nobubi beNdlovukazi yaseKwindla
Uma kuchazwa inhlobonhlobo, ubuhle bayo kufanele buchazwe, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo sifanelwe indawo yaso engadini:
- isivuno esiningi, okuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokukhula, sibe ngu-9 kg / m2;
- ukuhluma okunamandla kokutshala imbewu nokuvuthwa okuhle kwezithelo;
- ukuheha kokuvela kwemifino nokuphakama kokunambitheka;
- ukumelana nokuqhekeka ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuchelela okulungile okufanayo;
- amasosha omzimba omuhle ezifweni ezahlukahlukene zemvelaphi yefungus neyokutheleleka;
- ukulondolozwa kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka, kuncike kwisitoreji esifanele;
- umkhiqizo wendawo yonke, kudliwa okusha, okuyisitshulu, amajusi, amazambane acubuziwe kuyalungiswa futhi kusetshenziselwa amalungiselelo ebusika.
Ngaphandle kwezici ezinhle kukhona okunye ukungalungi, okubandakanya:
- ukubunjwa kwezitshalo zezimpande ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene;
- ubunzima bokukhipha izithelo ezinde enhlabathini eminyene;
- umbala ogcwale ngokwanele wemifino.
Izimfihlo eziyinhloko zokukhula izaqathe
Ukuthola isivuno esiphezulu se-Queen of Autumn izimpande zikavithamini, kuyadingeka ukunamathela emithethweni ethile yokutshala nokunakekela, ngenkathi ucabangela zonke izici zohlobo.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala
Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukulungisa inhlabathi kusengaphambili ukuze ukuhlwanyela imbewu yesanqante emhlabathini kuphumelele.
Izaqathe zikhetha inhlabathi elula, evumayo, evundile... Inhlabathi esindayo yakha uqweqwe oluvimbela inqubo yokuhluma futhi ingadala ukuguqulwa kwezitshalo zezimpande.
Indawo yombhede wesanqante kufanele ilingane futhi ikhanyiswe usuku lonke ngokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ukhukhamba, iklabishi, amazambane, no-anyanisi kubhekwa njengabanduleli abaphambili.
Izwe elisendaweni ekhethiwe yensimu liyadingeka umbe ngasekupheleni kwekwindla, uwufake umanyolo ngezakhi zomsoco... Entwasahlobo, phinda inqubo ukudala izimo ezifanele zokubekwa kwembewu.
Emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala hlomisa inhlabathi ngomlotha kanye ne-humus... Awudingi ukufaka umquba omusha emhlabathini, ngoba isiko alibubekezeleli ubumuncu balo.
Futhi, ungavundisi ngemikhiqizo esekwe enitrogen, lokhu kungadala ukuqoqwa okusheshayo kwenani elikhulu lama-nitrate ngezitshalo zezimpande.
Ubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela imbewu
Okubaluleke kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bezolimo bezaqathe yizinhlamvu zekhwalithi ephezulu nokulungiselela ukuhlwanyela.
Ngakho-ke, udinga ukukhetha izinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme futhi ukuhluma okusheshayo, kumanzise emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24, ukushintsha njalo emahoreni amathathu.
Ngemuva kwalokho Hlanza imbewu kahle bese uyifaka esiqandisini.
Imithetho yokuhlwanyela
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. ezindaweni ezifudumele. Ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu, ukutshala kunconywa phakathi noma ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, lapho u-Okthoba engasongelwa yiqhwa.
Ukufika kuqukethe ukwenza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Yakha ama-grooves angadluli ku-1-2 cm bese unisela kahle inhlabathi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe okungenani u-15 cm ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo okulula.
- Hlwanyela okokutshala ekujuleni kwe-0.5-1.0 cm, ufafaze umhlaba bese uhlangana kancane.
Lapho wenza wonke amasu okulima, isivuno sivuthwa ezinsukwini eziyi-117-130 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu.
Isethi yezinyathelo zokunakekelwa kwesitshalo semifino
Ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kuzokusiza ukufezekisa isivuno esizinzile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele wenze le misebenzi elandelayo:
- susa njalo ukhula futhi uthukulule imibhede ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngomswakama nokuvimbela ukwakheka koqweqwe;
- amanzi kancane kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula kwezitshalo, okuzovumela imifino yakheke bushelelezi, ibe namanzi futhi ibe mnandi;
- uzacile ngokucophelela okukhulu njengoba iziqongo zikhula, ukuze zingalimazi uhlelo lwempande lwezitshalo ezisele;
- bondle izaqathe ngomanyolousebenzisa okungokwemvelo namaminerali.
Izifo nokuvinjelwa kwazo
Ngaphandle kokuthi izinhlobonhlobo zinokumelana kahle nezifo, amathuba okugula kanye nokuzala kabusha kwezinambuzane akufanele kukhishwe, kepha zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuvikela isitshalo kufanele zenziwe ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula nangemva kokuvuna, isivuno sivame ukuvezwa ngamagciwane amancane ayingozi. Izifo eziyingozi kakhulu ezithathelwanayo nezifungal ezibangela ukubola nokuwohloka kwesithelo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela ezisiza ukubhekana nezifo: ukujikeleza kwezitshalo, ukuhlwanyela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukwengeza umanyolo we-potash, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukuqeda izinsalela zezitshalo ekwindla.
Izinambuzane eziyizimpisi ezingabonakali ziyimpukane yesanqante nezibungu zayo... Ukuvela kombala wethusi emaqabungeni kukhombisa ukuvela kwawo. Izaqathe ezilimele ziba munyu, ziqhekeke futhi zingasebenziseki.
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwalesi sinambuzane, kubalulekile ukukhulula njalo imibhede, ukuvimbela amanzi amile nokufiphaza. Futhi uma kutholakala inkinga, yiqede ngokufafaza ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane.
Ukuvuna nokugcina izitshalo
Ukuvuna ngesikhathi esifanele kuzoba nomphumela omuhle emphefumulweni wesitshalo sezimpande. Ngakho-ke, ngalokhu kuyadingeka:
- ngokunquma ngokunembile isikhathi sokuvuna, ngoba izaqathe ezingavuthiwe zivame ukubola, kanti lezo ezivuthwe ngokweqile zithinteka ethonyeni lama-parasites;
- ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvuna, nciphisa inani lokuniselalokho kuzosiza ukugcina ubumnandi nobumnandi bezaqathe;
- khetha usuku oluhle olubalele bese uvuna ngesandla noma ungene ngaphakathi ngefosholo, ususe ngokucophelela igoda lomhlabathi kanye nezimpande, bese uzikhipha ngamunye ngamunye eziqongweni;
- ungayihluzi imifino enhlabathini futhi ungayigezi, ngoba lokhu kungasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo;
- usike ngokucophelela iziqongo ngommese u-0.5 cm ngaphansi kwephuzu lokukhula, ngoba imifino ayinciphisi nje kuphela isisindo sazo izaqathe ngokumunca ujusi wazo, kepha futhi iphazamisa kakhulu inani lazo lokudla okunomsoco;
- oma izimpande ngemuva kokusika futhi ubeke endaweni emnyama ekushiseni okungu-10-14̊C izinsuku eziyi-15, lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi imibungu ikwazi ukulungisa umonakalo, futhi iveze ukukhubazeka kwezinhlobo ezigulayo;
- emva kwesikhathi esibekiwe esidlulile, hlunga isivuno esivuniwe, ususe izinhlobo ezilimele, ezigulayo nezithambile;
- ngemuva kokuthi zonke izinqubo seziphothuliwe, ungaqala ukubeka isilimo ukuze sigcinwe.
Umkhiqizo kufanele ugcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Isitoreji esikahle siyisela noma igumbi elingaphansi., okulandelayo:
- gcina ukushisa okungaguquguquki ebangeni kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-5̊ С;
- hlela umswakama omuhle kakhulu 90-95%.
Izimo ezinjalo zizosiza ekulondolozeni izimpande zezitshalo kuze kufike isivuno esilandelayo ngaphandle kokulahleka kwekhwalithi.
Ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo zeNdlovukazi Yokwindla kubhekwa njengesixazululo esifanelekile kubo bobabili abalimi abanolwazi nabasanda kufuna ukuthola isivuno esivulekile sezaqathe futhi bazigcine ebusika.
Njengoba imifino emisha nenamanzi akuyona nje into emnandi, kepha futhi ingumthombo wemvelo wezakhamzimba, amavithamini namaminerali.