Injongo yokufuya onogwaja ukuthola inyama nezikhumba. Ungazithola kuphela esilwaneni esifile, futhi ukuhlatshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngobuntu ngangokunokwenzeka esilwaneni futhi ngokucophelela ukuze kungonakalisi ikhwalithi yesikhumba.
Kuma-rabbit amaningi, ukuhlaba onogwaja akuyona into elula, ngakho-ke le ndatshana izokusiza ukukwenza ngokushesha nangaphandle kwegazi ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izokutshela nangokulungiswa okufanele kwezikhumba ekhaya.
Ungazikhetha kanjani onogwaja ozobahlaba
Lapho kuzaliswa onogwaja benyama, isikhathi sokubulala asibalulekile kangako. Into esemqoka ukuthi unogwaja unesisindo esanele. Onogwaja abavela ezinyangeni ezine ubudala bafanele ukuhlatshwa. Ngokugcinwa okufanele, isisindo sesilwane ngalesi sikhathi kufanele sifinyelele ku-3-4 kg. Uma kwenzeka kuhlatshwa ngokukhetha, kungcono ukushiya izilwane ezinkulu futhi ezinempilo kakhulu ukuzalanisa.
Kunconywa ukuthi izazi zezikhumba zikhethe onogwaja abazalwa ebusika. Izilwane ezinjalo zinoboya obusezingeni eliphakeme futhi obuphakeme kakhulu. Izikhumba zezilwane ezisencane, kanye nonogwaja abazalwa ehlobo, kubiza kancane.
Isikhumba sonogwaja ngesikhathi se-molting asifanele isikhathi esichithwe kuso.
Umfuyi kufanele azi ukuthi ama-molts anele:
- Iminyaka yobudala - emibili esikhathini esisukela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 kuye kwezi-6 kusukela ngosuku lokuzalwa;
- Isikhathi sonyaka - owokuqala uvame ukuba ngoMashi-Ephreli, owesibili ngoSepthemba-Okthoba.
Ukunquma ukuphela kwe-molt kanogwaja kulula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nciphisa kancane i-eared ngejazi. Izinwele ezijiyile neziqinile zibamba ziqine, kepha uma izinwele zivela emoyeni noma ukuthintwa okuncane, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuncibilika kwesilwane.
Isikhathi esihle sokuhlaba unogwaja woboya nguDisemba-Januwari. Ngalesi sikhathi, onogwaja abachitheki, futhi uboya buminyene kakhulu futhi buyigugu.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlatshwa: iminyaka yokuhlatshwa
Inqubo yokuhlaba, isikhumba nokusika unogwaja akufanele ibambezeleke. Kubachwepheshe, kuthatha cishe imizuzu emihlanu. Ngakho-ke, ukuba nakho konke okuseduze kuzosheshisa inqubo futhi ngeke kuthinte ikhwalithi yenyama noboya.
Amalungiselelo okuhlatshwa ami kanje:
- Unogwaja uyabekwa futhi awondliwe noma uphuziswe amahora ayi-10-12. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuhlanza amathumbu;
- Masinyane ngaphambi kokuhlaba, unogwaja kufanele ugezwe futhi uvunyelwe ukuba wome.
Ngokuhlatshwa uzodinga:
- Isikhala sokunamathela;
- 2 imimese. Elinye kufanele libukhali ekusikeni, elinye libe buthuntu ekusebenzeni ngesikhumba;
- Izitsha eziningana zoqweqwe lwawo (izimbiza noma ezinye iziqukathi ezifanayo);
- Umcengezi wamanzi ahlanzekile namanikiniki ambalwa okusula izandla zakho;
- Ithuluzi le-Downhole, elikhethiwe noma elenziwe ngokususelwa kunqubo ekhethiwe;
Uma kufanele ubuke noma ubulale okokuqala, kungakuhle ukuthi ube nebhodlela le-ammonia.
Ngaphambi kokuhlaba, kufanelekile ukubuka ividiyo yokuhlatshwa kwesilwane nokusika okulungile. Uma kukhona ababaziyo abagcina onogwaja, ke kuyalulekwa ukuthi kwenziwe inqubo yokuqala ngaphansi kokugadwa nokuqondiswa kwabo.
Induku yesikhala eyenziwe kahle izosiza kakhulu ukusikwa kwesikhumba nesidumbu. Imvamisa kwenziwa ngensimbi noma ngokhuni.
Ubude bebha eyisicaba bucishe bube ngamasentimitha angama-20, emaphethelweni kunokubukhali futhi okungcono kugobile phezulu eceleni kwesikwele (engela). Ubude bucishe bube ngamasentimitha angama-30. Maphakathi nepulangwe kufanele kube khona ingwegwe yokulengisa, kanye nomsele okhombisa ngokusobala maphakathi nepulangwe.
Ungayihlaba kanjani imbila: izindlela zokuhlaba
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi ungambulala kanjani unogwaja. Empeleni, kunezindlela eziyisithupha ezisheshayo, ezisebenzayo nezingasebenzisi igazi zokubulala unogwaja. Ukukhetha okulula kunazo zonke kunqunywa ukutholakala kwesipiliyoni nezindlela ezithuthukisiwe:
- Indlela engasebenzisi igazi (jamming) ingeyendabuko ezweni lethu. - okungukuthi, ukushaya unogwaja ekhanda ngento ebuthuntu. Izinzuzo zayo zilula futhi asikho isidingo sokuthenga amadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi. Ukufa kwenzeka ngokushesha okwanele, ngemizuzwana embalwa.
Ngokubulala komuntu, unogwaja kufanele aphakanyiswe ngemilenze yakhe yangemuva, avunyelwe ukwehlisa umoya bese eshaya ngemuva kwekhanda ngenduku yokhuni. Ucezu lwesibambo sefosholo olungu-40-50 cm lulungele lokhu.Lapho ushaya, kubalulekile ukubala kahle amandla. Ukushaywa okunamandla kungalimaza ugebhezi futhi kuyenze ibe nzima inqubo yokuhlatshwa. Okubi kakhulu, ukuthi isibhakela sibuthakathaka kakhulu, ngoba ukubukwa kokukhasa okushayayo akuyona eyabantu abadangele. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele kushaywe elinye igalelo.
- Indlela yesiFulentshi ayivamile ukusetshenziswa lapha, kepha ivame kakhulu eYurophu.... Unogwaja uthathwa ngemilenze yangemuva, ubekwe ngokuvundlile noma ubanjwe emoyeni. Ukubulala unogwaja, kuyadingeka ukuthi uwuphakamise futhi uwunyakazise kakhulu. Kukho konke okubonakala kulula kule ndlela, inezithiyo ezithile: kudinga amandla amangalisayo ukunyakazisa isilwane esinesisindo esingu-7-9 kg ngesandla esisodwa, kanye nesipiliyoni.
- Ngosizo lukagesi, ukuhlatshwa konogwaja kwenziwa emapulazini amakhulu. Ngalokhu, ikhanda lesilwane lifakwa phakathi kwama-electrode amabili futhi libulawe ugesi.
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa amandla kagesi ekhaya ekuhlatshweni, ikakhulukazi kusuka kunethiwekhi ejwayelekile. Ama-volts angama-220 maningi kakhulu esilwaneni. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kabi kwenethiwekhi kagesi yasekhaya kubeka engcupheni impilo yomvukuzi uqobo.
Isexwayiso asisebenzi kuma-silenc ekhethekile kagesi enzelwe le nhloso ngokukhethekile. Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyayo ukuthi amadivayisi anjalo angabizi kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu.
- Enye indlela yokwephula i-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho. Ukwenza lokhu, bamba unogwaja ngesandla esisodwa ngemilenze yangemuva, uzicindezele kubo, kanti esinye sivale ikhanda ngokuqinile. Ngokujika okucijile kwesandla ohlangothini, amathambo omlomo wesibeletho ayaphuka unogwaja uyafa.
- Isirinji singasetshenziswa ukupompa umoya emthanjeni wezindlebe wesilwane. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi yi-air embolism. Akuvamile ukusetshenziswa ekhaya. Esetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhungweni zezokwelapha. Okubi kakhulu ukuthi ukufa akwenzeki ngokushesha, futhi inqubo yokukhishwa kwesibindi ayiqhubeki ngokuphelele, okwenza izinto zabathengi zenyama noboya zibe nzima.
- Ukudubula inaliti - isetshenziselwa ini idivayisi ekhethekile efana nomjovo. Inaliti yedivayisi, engena ebuchosheni besilwane, inegalelo ekubulaweni kwayo ngokushesha nangobuntu. Kuphumelela kakhulu ukubhoboza ubuchopho kulayini kusuka esweni kuye endlebeni ephambene.
Ngemuva kokuhlatshwa, umfuyi wezilwane udinga ukuthola amandla aphelele esidumbu sesilwane. Ukwenza lokhu, isidumbu simiswe yimilenze yaso yangemuva ku-strut stick ekhethekile. Kuyadingeka ukubhoboza imilenze yangemuva ngemikhawulo ekhonjiwe yenduku, ukuyisabalalisa ebangeni lobubanzi bohlaka. Indawo yokubhoboza kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamadolo. Kuhle uma ukwazi ukungena phakathi kwethambo nethenda.
Ukukhipha igazi, kusikeka okukhethekile ekhaleni lesilwane, noma umthambo entanyeni unqunywa emlonyeni ngommese omncane. Kwesinye isikhathi ukukhipha igazi kunikezwa ngokususa inhlamvu yeso. Kuzothatha imizuzu engu-5-7 ukukhipha izingwenya. Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi igazi seligelezele esitsheni ebesilungisiwe phambilini, ungaqhubeka nokukhumba nokusika isidumbu.
Ungakhanda kanjani kahle
Ukuze isikhumba sisheshe futhi sibe lula ngommese obukhali, udinga ukusika ngokulandelayo:
- Ngaphezulu kwedolo elihlangene lemilenze yangemuva isiyingi;
- Kusukela emaphethelweni okusikwa kwe-patellar, kwenziwa imbobo yesibili ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lwesidladla, bese kulandelwa indawo ye-groin kuya ekuqunjweni kwenye induku;
- Imilenze yangaphambili (engezansi kwedolo), umsila nezindlebe kunqunyiwe;
Ngemuva kokusika, isikhumba sihlukaniswa ngokucophelela, sihlukaniswe kancane nesidumbu. Ngemuva kokufinyelela ezinyaweni zangaphambili, ziyadedelwa ngobumnene, ngemuva kwalokho isikhumba sisuswe ekhanda, yize le ngxenye yoboya ingeyona yenani elithile. Ukuqonda kangcono inqubo, ungasebenzisa amavidiyo, amaningi awo akwi-Intanethi, noma ubuke umsebenzi wochwepheshe.
Ukwenza isikhumba sikanogwaja ekhaya sabaqalayo
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi singenziwa kanjani isikhumba sonogwaja ekhaya. Ukucubungula udinga idivayisi ekhethekile - umthetho. Akunzima ukukwenza. Ngalokho okudingekayo ukuhlanganisa imichilo emithathu ngendlela yohlamvu "A" Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibha ephakathi kufanele ihambise. Kulula ngisho nokwenza umthetho ovela ebhodini ububanzi obungu-25-30 cm. Umkhawulo owodwa uyancipha futhi uyindilinga. Ukuze kube lula, kufanele ube nebhodi elinobude obungu-80 kuya ku-100 cm.
Ukuskina akunzima. Ukusebenza nayo kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ukucwilisa kwenziwa ukuze kususwe izinhlayiya ezingcolile kanye nezangaphandle. Ukucwilisa kwenzeka esitsheni esinamanzi afudumele (izikhumba kufanele zintante ngokukhululeka) ezingeni lokushisa lama-40 degrees. Ama-furriers abanolwazi angeza isipuni se-powder yokuwasha kwilitha elilodwa lamanzi. I-Formalin (1 ml nge-litre ye-liquid) noma i-sulfidine (amaphilisi ama-2 nge-litre yetshezi) nayo ingangezwa ukususa ama-parasites.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucwilisa izikhumba ezintsha ngamahora we-3-4.
- Ngemuva kokukhipha ukungcola nezinto zangaphandle esikhunjeni, ukwenziwa kwenyama kuyenziwa, okungukuthi, ukususwa kwesendlalelo samafutha nesisipha. Ngenxa yalokhu, isikhumba kufanele siqondiswe ebhodini (ngokulinganayo nangaphandle kwamafolda). Amafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba asuswa ngokucophelela ngommese obuthuntu. Lapho ufaka inyama, qala kuqala ukuhlanza kusuka ekhanda lesikhumba, kancane kancane uye emsileni. Amaphethelo esikhumba ahlanzwa ngokunyakaziswa kwesokudla nangakwesobunxele ukusuka maphakathi.
- Ngemuva kokufaka inyama, isikhumba kufanele sehliswe.... Ukuze wenze lokhu, isikhumba sigezwa ngesandla nge-powder ejwayelekile yokuwasha, ukuhlanza kwenziwa. Kulesi simo, isikhumba asikwazi ukukhishwa. Amanzi avunyelwe ukukhipha, bese isikhumba (ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sisulwa ngendwangu eyomile).
- Ukucubungula isikhumba ngesisombululo sikasawoti kanye ne-asidi kubizwa ngokuthi ukukhethwa. Inhloso yalo ukususa izinto ezinamathelayo, ukwandisa amandla nokuthamba komkhiqizo. Ukukhetha kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa:
- Ukuvutshelwa - ukufaka isikhumba izinsuku eziyi-3-4 kusixazululo (ilitha elilodwa lamanzi afudumele, ama-gramu angama-200 we-oatmeal ogqamile nethisipuni lemvubelo);
- Ukungathathi hlangothi - kwenziwa amahora ayi-12-16 kwisisombululo (ilitha elilodwa lamanzi afudumele 50-60 ml ye-acetic acid egxilile kanye nezipuni ezi-2 ze-sodium chloride zengezwa kusixazululo sonke). Ngemuva kokungathathi hlangothi, izikhumba zigcinwa izinsuku ezimbili endaweni eyomile ekamelweni lokushisa.
- Ukushuka kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-tanini akhethekile... Umsebenzi walo ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zabathengi besikhumba, ukwandisa amandla alo nokuqina. Okwenza ukuthi isikhumba sakho sisebenze kaningana nge-decoction efudumele ye-oki noma i-pine bark. Inani lezikhathi nobude bokwelashwa kunqunywa amandla esikhumba ukumunca umhluzi.
- Ngemuva kokuthi isikhumba siphelile ukumunca umswakama, amafutha ayenziwa, okungukuthi, gcoba isikhumba ngamafutha noma ukhilimu. Amafutha ayadingeka ukuvikela isikhumba ekumeni.
- Lokhu kulandelwa isigaba sokugcina - ukomisa. Kungani ushiya izikhumba zeluliwe usuku olulodwa.
Ngemuva kokuqeda lokhu kulandelana kwezinyathelo, isikhumba singagcinwa ngokuphepha noma sisetshenziselwe ukwenza izinto zoboya.
Indlela yokusika unogwaja wenyama
Manje ake sixoxe ngokuthi ungahlaba kanjani unogwaja. Ukusikwa kwesidumbu kudinga ukusikwa esiswini esingezansi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokunyakaza okukodwa okuphezulu (ngokucabanga ukuthi isidumbu silenga). Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuphula amathambo we-inguinal ngokubamba izinkalo ngezandla zombili bese uwaphendulela emuva.
Ngemuva kokuphothula le nqubo, baqala ukukhipha izitho zangaphakathi. Ikhishwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Isinye namapayipi ahlukanisiwe;
- Ngesiqeshana soboya esisele ngemuva kokukhishwa kwesikhumba, amathumbu nesisu kuyakhishwa;
- I-gallbladder inqunywe kanye namapayipi;
- Isibindi siyasuswa.
Ngemuva kokukhipha izibilini, isidumbu siyasuswa esikhaleni. Ingxenye engadleki yemilenze yangemuva nekhanda iyanqunywa. Okulandelayo, unogwaja ungaphekwa, futhi uma kunesidingo, isidumbu kufanele sibekwe efrijini. Inyama kanogwaja ocutshungulwe kahle ibomvu-pink ngombala ngaphandle kwephunga langaphandle.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona kokuqukethwe okwethulwayo, akunzima ukuhlaba unogwaja. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukunikezwa okukhulu kwamandla nokuziphatha. Futhi kufanele uthathe isinqumo ngokushesha lapho ukhetha indlela yokuhlaba.
Ekugcineni, ividiyo emfushane yokufundisa yokuthi ungahlaba kanjani uhlabe unogwaja ekhaya wabaqalayo: