Okusajingijolo "Atlant" futhi "Apricot" kukhona izinhlobo remontant. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivivinywe ngabalimi baseRussia futhi sezithandwa kakhulu ngamajikijolo abo amakhulu, ukunakekelwa okungathobeki nokumelana nezifo. Futhi banezinzuzo eziningi kunezinhlobo ezivamile.
Iphupho lomlimi - cha, ama-raspberry nje "i-Atlant" akhuliswe ngabalimi bendawo yaseKokinsky, umbhali u-V. Kazakov.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zokusajingijolo "Atlant"
Ake siqale ngokuchazwa kokuhlukahluka okusajingijolo. "I-Atlant" ingeyomuntu okhululiwe futhi okhuliswe ngabalimi bephuzu elinamandla laseKokino. Umbhali walezi zinhlobonhlobo ngu-V. Kazakov.
Ibanga lokuqala eliphakathi nendawo.
Ukutshala kungenzeka naseSiberia, kepha ngokungafani nezifunda ezifudumele, ingxenye engaphezulu ayinqunywa ekwindla kepha entwasahlobo. Ukusika iziqu kuvusa ukwakheka kwe-rosette ngamahlumela futhi, uma ukuthena kwenziwa ekwindla, ama-raspberries azobanda.
Isihlahla sinokuphakama okungafika ku-1.5 m.Isihlahla esisakazeka kancane, esisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, okwenza kube lula ukunakekelwa. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zitshalwa ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi zisakazeke enkabeni yeRussia. Njengoba ingxenye engaphezulu isikwe ebusika, ayisongelwa ukuqhwa.
Amafomu ama-5-6 aqinile wokufaka amahlumela, lapho kuhlala khona indawo evundile engu-50% yobude. Aluhlaza okotshani nge-waxy coating. Kukhona ukubhoboza okuncane, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani ngombala onesimo semibimbi.
Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo makhulu futhi anokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu okumnandi nokumuncu. Umumo uvulekile, uyindilinga ngombala obomvu klebhu. Phinda uvuthwe maphakathi no-Agasti. Isisindo esimaphakathi ngama-gramu ama-5, kepha ngokunakekelwa okwanele ungathola amajikijolo anesisindo esifinyelela ku-11 gram. Ihambisa ezokuhamba ebangeni elide, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okunamandla. I-pulp ithambile futhi inamanzi ngezimbewu ezincane. Kusetshenziswe okusha, okulungele ujamu nama-compotes, kanye nokubanda.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Atlant raspberry zinezinzuzo eziningi:
- Ukumelana nesithwathwa.
- Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
- Bekezelela kalula isomiso, ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile.
- Ukukhula okuncane, okunciphisa isikhathi sokususwa kwayo.
- Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu. KUSUKA indawo eyihektha elilodwa ingavunwa kuze kufike kumathani ayi-17 noma esihlahleni esisodwa okungenani ama-2.5 kg amajikijolo.
- Ukuvuthwa kokuqala nokuzinzile, ngenxa yalokhu kuvuthwa kuze kufike ku-90% ngaphambi kweqhwa.
- Isithelo sihlukaniswa kalula.
- Isethulo esihle kakhulu nokunambitheka.
- Ihambisa ezokuhamba emabangeni amade.
- Izithelo ezivuthiwe azithinteki ngokubola futhi ungabhidliki isikhathi eside.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke.
Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyayo ezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi i-garter iyadingeka ukuze iziqu ezisindwe yizithelo zingalali phansi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Naphezu kokumelana nokusajingijolo okuxekethile kwe- "Atlant" ezifweni nasezinambuzane, kuseneminye imisebenzi yokuyivimbela.
- Ukuvikela isitshalo ezimpukaneni ezinesiqu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufafaze nge-Actellik... Isixazululo senziwa ngokulandelayo: engeza u-15 ml wesidakamizwa ebhakedeni lamanzi uhlanganise kahle.
- Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuvimbela ukubonwa okunsomi, kufanele ufafaze i- "Rubigan". Ukuze wenze isixazululo, udinga ukunciphisa i-4 ml yesidakamizwa kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi.
- Sebenzisa i-ammonium sulfate ukuvikela ukutheleleka kwefungal. Isixazululo silungiswa ngokuya ngamazinga alandelayo: 4 amagremu omuthi athathwa ilitha elilodwa lamanzi.
- Ngaphambi kwekhefu le-bud, ukufafaza ngesisombululo se-3% se-Bordeaux liquid kuyanconywa. Ukucubungula kabusha kwenziwa esigabeni sokuhluma ngesisombululo se-1%. Futhi owesithathu ngemuva kokuvuna lonke isivuno samajikijolo.
Isinambuzane esiyingozi kakhulu kuma-raspberry yi-raspberry gall midge.
Ekulweni nalo, amakhemikhali awasebenzi, ngakho-ke, kufanele kwenziwe lo msebenzi olandelayo wokuvimbela:
- Susa amahlumela athintekile.
- Qoqa bese ushisa izingcezu ze-raspberry ezomile.
- Bheka amasu okulima:
- ukuchelela okulungile;
- ukudla ngesikhathi esifanele;
- ukulingana okulungile.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zokusajingijolo "i-Apricot"
Izinhlobo zamajikijolo "ze-Apricot" zingezinhlobonhlobo ze-remontant futhi zinokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zesizini ephakathi. Ilungele ukukhula ezindaweni ezifudumele. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezithele izithelo eziphuzi zazalwa uProfesa V.V. Kichina futhi zafakwa kwiRejista Yombuso Yesifunda Esimaphakathi.
Izihlahla ze-raspberry ziphakathi nendawo, zi-semi-sprawling. Amahlumela wonyaka wokuqala wokuphila aluhlaza okotshani, enengubo ebuthakathaka eveziwe. Akunabumnandi. Amahlamvu osayizi ophakathi nendawo, aluhlaza okotshani, ngaphandle kokushicilela nokushwabana okuncane. Imiphetho ebukhali emaphakathi yamaqabunga.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, amahlumela aqoshwe emthunzini we-beige noma okhanyayo onsundu. Kunameva ezansi. Zincane. Amaphethelo agobele phansi nezinsipho eziluhlaza ezansi. Izimbali ziphakathi nendawo ngosayizi. I-stamens itholakala ngaphansi kwepistil.
Izithelo zimi ngendlela eqondile. Ipendiwe ngombala osawolintshi osagolide. Yiba nokuthomba okuntekenteke. Isisindo esimaphakathi seberry singama-gramu ama-3. Izithelo zesikhathi eside. Ukuvuthwa kusuka maphakathi no-Agasti. Maphakathi neRussia, ama-70-90% amajikijolo avuthwa ngaphambi kweqhwa.
Izithelo zinephunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu. Uginindela uthambile, unamanzi amaningi. Izinhlobonhlobo zikhiqiza impela. Ngokugcinwa okufanele kobuchwepheshe bezolimo kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa, kungenzeka ukuqoqa abafinyelela kuma-117 centers. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, kungenzeka ukuqoqa kufika kuma-3 kg amajikijolo amnandi esihlahleni esisodwa. Ayikubekezeleli ukuthuthwa. Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Ukuthanda umswakama.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinhlobonhlobo zokusajingijolo "I-Apricot" inezinzuzo eziningi:
- Ukunakekelwa okungenakuzithoba.
- Isivuno esikhulu
- Ukubukeka okungathengiseka nokunambitheka okuphezulu.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke.
- Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
Ububi balezi zinhlobonhlobo ukungahambi kahle kwezokuthutha.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinyathelo zithathwa ngokufana nezinhlobo ze-Atlant. Bona incazelo engenhla ku-athikili.
Izici zama-raspberries akhulayo akhulayo
Izinhlobo ezilungisiwe ze-raspberry azidingi ukunakekelwa, kepha ukuze uthole isivuno esinothile samajikijolo amnandi, anephunga elimnandi, amasu ezolimo kufanele alandelwe. Iqiniso ngukuthi uma kungalungile ukutshala nokunakekela amajikijolo, ngeke uthole ukubuya okuhle kuwo futhi amajikijolo azokhula anganambitheki. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uthathe ngokungathí sina ukukhetha indawo, ukutshala nokunakekelwa.
Okokuqala udinga ukuthenga isithombo esinempilo. Lapho uthenga, lihlole ngokucophelela futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uhlelo lwempande luqinile futhi alomile. Naka ama-basal buds. Kufanele futhi babukeke bephilile. Ngokufanelekile, uma kukhona amahlumela ama-5-6 kusithombo.
Akucebisi ukuthenga izithombo kubantu abangahleliwe emakethe. Njengamanje, kunezindawo eziningi lapho ungathenga khona izithombo eziqinisekisiwe.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika. Ama-raspberries asezinhlamvwini afuna ngenkani izimo zokutshala, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe lokhu ngokucophelela.
Kungcono uma ukutshala kwenziwa ekwindla, kepha uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke izithombo ezitshaliwe nazo zizomila entwasahlobo. Izitshalo ezitshaliwe entwasahlobo, ekupheleni kwehlobo, zizokunikeza isivuno esincane.
Ngokungafani namajikijolo ajwayelekile, ama-remontant, atshalwa ngendlela yasendle futhi kulungiselelwe imigodi ekhethekile yokutshala.
Ukutshala, kungcono ukhethe izindawo ezinelanga ngaphandle kwezinhlaka. Umhlabathi kufanele uvuleke futhi uvunde. Izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi azifanele ukutshala ama-raspberries.
Bamba umgodi ukujula nobubanzi obungu-30-35 cm bese ufaka umanyolo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Hlanganisa ama-5 kg we-humus, izipuni ezimbili ze-superphosphate ne-1 kg yomlotha wokhuni noma ushoki nenhlabathi.
Isithombo kufanele sifushaniswe sibe efihlekile enempilo ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngemuva kokuhlola izimpande, susa ezomisiwe nezibolile. Faka izimpande emgqonyeni wobumba bese uqala ukutshala.
Yenza indunduma emgodini bese ufaka isithombo kuso. Sakaza izimpande ezungeze isiduli bese umboza ngenhlabathi evundile. Cindezela ngobumnene phansi uzungeze i-hemp, engeza umhlabathi omningi uma kudingeka. Shiya umgodi u-5 cm ungenalutho ukuze unisele kalula. Ngemuva kokutshala, nisela kahle. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngezinyathelo ezimbili ukuze inhlabathi igcwaliswe kahle ngamanzi.
Ama-raspberries anika izitshalo ezimbili ngesizini ngayinye. Igagasi lokuqala lamajikijolo emahlumela nyakenye, igagasi lesibili kulawa amanje. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, kufanele kungezwe urea. Kusetshenziswa amagremu angama-40 nge-1 sq. M. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-raspberries athele izithelo okokuqala ngqa, engeza urea futhi. Faka i-superphosphate ekwindla.
Uma ihlobo lomile, khona-ke ukuchelela kuyadingeka. Kufanele kube ngokulingene, kepha ngokuchithwa kwenhlabathi okwanele. Ngemuva kokuchelela, gcoba inhlabathi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa inani lokhula nokunisela.
Ekwindla, ngaphambi kokubanda, manzi kakhulu ukukhulisa izindawo zokugcina umswakama ngaphansi kwezihlahla ebusika.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa, nquma ingxenye engenhla yezitshalo. Ngonyaka wokuqala, i-hemp ishiywe ngamasentimitha angama-20-40. Ngonyaka wesibili, ama-raspberries asikwa empandeni. Ngemuva kokuthena, i-hemp kufanele ihlale. Ebusika ziyombozwa ngeqhwa. Ezimweni ezikhulayo zaseSiberia, kuyasiza kakhulu ukuthena ama-raspberries entwasahlobo. Njengoba ukuthena kuzosusa ukukhula kwamafiqubu, okungabanda ebusika eSiberia.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Amajikijolo alungisiwe angasatshalaliswa kusetshenziswa amasu ambalwa alula:
- Maphakathi nesihlahla somuntu omdala, okungenani eneminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala, ingxenye engabalulekile yamahlumela isuswa. Inzalo izokhula, ezosebenza njengezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala.
- Izithelo eziluhlaza. Izisiki ezikhethiwe (kufanele zibe nempilo futhi zikhule ekujuleni okungajulile eduze kwesihlahla) zinqunywa esihlahleni somama zikhishwe kanye nenhlabathi.
Phatha indawo esikiwe nganoma yisiphi isibulala-magciwane bese utshala ukusika enhlabathini emanzi, elula.
Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, kufanele zinikeze izimpande. Ukufakelwa endaweni ehlala njalo, hhayi ngaphambi kwenyanga ngemuva kokuqothula.
Amajikijolo alungisiwe akhiqiza isivuno esihle kakhulu samajikijolo amnandi... Izinhlobo "Atlant" kanye "ne-Apricot" zingenye yezinhlangano ezinhle kakhulu zama-raspberries a-remontant. Owokuqala nowesibili izinhlobo ezithelayo nezingathobekile. Ngokunakekelwa okulungile, ungafinyelela imiphumela emihle.
Ukubuyekeza
UGalina Podolskaya: Ngathenga ama-apricot raspberries ngonyaka odlule. Bekukhona amajikijolo ambalwa kulo nyaka, kodwa ngiyajabula. Amajikijolo amakhulu, amnandi. Ezinye zaziyingxenye yomunwe ubude.
UMaria Kopytina: Ngiyithandile i-Atlas. Amajikijolo abomvu ngokugqamile, aminyene futhi makhulu. Ayibandi ebusika. Kumnandi kuma-compotes, ujamu, okusha nokubandayo.
Angelica Zarubina: Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, noma udinga ukuzinakekela. Inzuzo enkulu ekwindla, futhi engadini kukhona iberry - okusajingijolo.