Abafuyi banamuhla bahlala bethuthukisa izinhlobo ezintsha zezihlahla zama-apula, ngaphezu kwalezo esevele zikhona futhi esezihlolwe kaningi endle. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ngomuthi wama-apula we-Anise nokuthi ungathola kanjani isivuno esihle kuwo.
Incazelo yezinhlobo zama-apula Scarlet, ezimthende kanye neSverdlovsky
Kumele kuqashelwe zisuka nje ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo azifani. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene ziyahlukaniswa ezinhlobonhlobo, futhi kukhona umehluko othile phakathi kwazo, esizokhuluma ngokuhamba kancane. Izinhlobonhlobo zoqobo, ezikhuliswe okokuqala, zibizwa ngokuthi u-Anis Scarlet, futhi nguyena owanikezwa izici zokuqala zenhlalo ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphezu kwalolu hlobo, sizobheka u-Anis Sverdlovsky no-Anis abanezintambo (noma ezimpunga, njengoba kubizwa nangokuthi).
I-Anise Scarlet ibhekwa njengohlobo oluvame kakhulu lwama-apula phakathi kwe-anise, naphakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula, ngokomthetho, yaziwa kahle ngezithelo zayo ezibomvu ezimnyama.
Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana kahle nokuthuthwa emabangeni amade futhi zingakhula noma emazingeni okushisa aphansi impela. Kepha izithelo ngokwazo zigcinwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili - futhi lokhu kungaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanesipiliyoni bancoma ukuthi ubadedele ngokushesha baye ezindaweni zokusebenzela noma bazidle kuze kube yilapho ama-apula ekugcineni elahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwabo nezakhiwo eziwusizo.
Ukuvuna kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezehlukene enhlobonhlobo ngayinye. I-Scarlet Anis ivuthwa ekupheleni kwehlobo, eSverdlovsk kuphela maphakathi no-Septhemba, futhi kungcono ukushiya iPolosaty ivuthwe kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Septhemba-ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Okokuhamba, izinhlobo ezimbili zokugcina zilungele kangcono kuneScarlet Anise - zingagcinwa emabhokisini izinyanga ezimbalwa, into esemqoka ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilingana no-zero degrees Celsius. Izinguquko kumswakama nokungabi bikho komoya kuphoxekile kakhulu.
Izici zokutshala isihlahla se-apula
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokutshala ukukhetha indawo ekhanya ngokwanele. Emthunzini, isithombo, okungenani, siyoba buthakathaka ngandlela thile futhi sizokhula kancane kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe, kuthi lapho kubi kakhulu, sishabalale singatheli izithelo
Isithombo kufanele sime sifudumele okungenani inyanga ukuze sikhule futhi sigxileNgakho-ke, kufanele itshalwe kungakadluli inyanga ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu sokuqala esibandayo. Cabanga ngezici ezikhethekile zesifunda ukuze amaqhwa okuqala angabhubhisi izithombo.
Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala ngeke ithele izithelo, ngakho-ke umlimi wensimu angambheka kuphela, asuse izimpande ezinde kakhulu, adubule futhi akhe umqhele.
Amagatsha awanqunywa kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga ekhishwa ngokuphelele, ukuze angalimazi umuthi.
Ngaphandle kokuzithoba okukhulu emhlabathini wonke, abalimi bayabona ukuthi isivuno esihle kunazo zonke sitholakala ezindaweni ezinezinhlobo ezilandelayo zenhlabathi:
- i-sandy loam;
- loamy.
Inhlabathi ekahle yokutshala noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-anise kufanele ingangeni emoyeni, imunce umswakama futhi ivunde.
Imithetho yokutshala izithombo
Akunasidingo sokulungisa umgodi wokutshala kusengaphambili: isihlahla siqala izimpande emhlabathini ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhethekile. Abalimi abaningi bayayikhipha ngqo ngesikhathi sokutshala. Ukuphela kwento: ngaphambi kokushiya isithombo, udinga ukushayela isikhonkwane esiqinile emhlabathini bese ubopha isiqu kuso.
Ukunakekela
Isihlahla asibekezeleli isomiso kahle, ngakho-ke uma ihlobo lingani nhlobo, kungcono ukuchelela isihlahla kaningi phakathi nenkathi ukuze uthele izithelo ezinhle. Ngemuva kokuchelela, inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla kufanele ikhululwe. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ingadi ibona isici esiqwini noma egatsheni, kufanele isisuse, futhi lapho ithola ithuba lokuqala lokucubungula okusikiwe ngengoma yensimu.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwamaqhwa amakhulu, ukulungiswa okukhethekile kobusika kwenziwa. Amaqabunga awile ayasuswa esihlahleni, isiqu sawo sicakwa umhlophe ukuze kubulawe amagciwane amagxolo (kunciphisa amathuba okulinyazwa yizifo nezinambuzane), uma ngabe bekunenkinga enjalo, iziqu ziboshiwe, zivikela kumagundane.
Uma kunokwenzeka, kufanelekile ukuphatha lesi sihlahla ngamalungiselelo akhethekile anciphisa amathuba okulimala ngezifo nezinambuzane ezibalwe ezigabeni ezilandelayo.
Entwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa seliqala ukuncibilika, i-snowdrift encane isongwa izungeze isihlahla, bese beyinyathela phansi ukugcina umswakama owenele wesihlahla esivukayo.
Ukucwaswa kwentwasahlobo akwenziwa ngokushesha, kulindwe wonke umswakama ovela esikebheni seqhwa esinyathelwe ukuthi ungene emhlabathini, bese usoma ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza umhlophe entwasahlobo, bazama ukuhlola amagatsha: uma elinyazwa umoya neqhwa, kufanele anqunywe. Amahhanisi, asetshenziswa ekwindla, asuswa ngokuphelele, inhlabathi ikhululiwe kancane ezungeze isiqu futhi kufakwa umanyolo lapho.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Isihlahla sama-apula singenwa yizifo eziningi ezijwayelekile, kepha abalimi bafunde ukulwa nezinye. Okwamanje, uqweqwe ne-powdery isikhutha yizo eziyingozi kakhulu esitshalweni. Uma sikhuluma ngezinambuzane, khona-ke imiphumela ebhubhisa kakhulu yokuhlaselwa kwe-aphid, inundu kanye ne-leafworm.
Ukhwekhwe
Ngaphandle, uqweqwe luvela ngokushesha okukhulu: amaqabunga ambozwe ngamabala aluhlaza okomnqumo, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi aqale ukumnyama aqhephuke, bese ephuka ngokuphelele. Amachashazi amboza cishe sonke isihlahla, kuthi ngezigaba zokugcina, amagxolo avuvuke aqhume. Lesi sifo singaqala uma indawo inomswakama omkhulu isikhathi eside - noma uma umlimi eqale imiqhele futhi iba minyene kakhulu.
Ama-fungicides asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa (ngaphambili ubujwayelene nabakhiqizi abaningana futhi unquma ukuthi yini ekufanele), nangaphambi kwalokho, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuvikela isimo somuthi (ukushisa izithelo ezomile namaqabunga, ukusika umqhele, ukucubungula ngesisombululo samaphesenti amahlanu se-copper sulfate).
Isikhunta se-Powdery
Ukubukeka kufana negama - amaqabunga esihlahla se-apula abonakala embozwe ukuqhakaza okuncane. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuqeda ukugxila kwesifo (kwanele ukudabula amaqabunga athintekile, uma engekho amaningi), buyisela ingxenye yenhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo namanzi bese ufafaza ngamalungiselelo akhethekile.
Ama-aphid asuswa ama-fungicides afanayo kanye ne-nitrafen, ukumiliselwa kukagwayi ojwayelekile ngaphandle kwama-flavour kulungiswa kusengaphambili umhlonyane, futhi inundu alikwazi ukumela iphunga lomhlonyane.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi ma-apula
U-Eugene: Ukunambitheka kumaphakathi impela, ngakho-ke kufanele ucabange kaningana ngaphambi kokuthenga izithombo. Ingena kahle ku-jam nakwamanye amalungiselelo, kepha umndeni wami uqobo awuzange uthande ukunambitheka. Abangane baseSiberia, kunalokho, bayadumisa: ngamaqhwa abo, izihlahla zama-apula azihlali zisinda, kepha nangu uhlobo oluqinile lwasebusika, lapho izithelo zilele kahle, ziyajabula. Ungazama, kepha uma indawo imanzi futhi kungekho sithwathwa, angiboni mqondo omkhulu.
UCatherine: Isihlahla esiqina kakhulu, noma ngabe uthini umuntu. Kwakufanele ngimbheke isikhathi eside, ezinye izigebengu zazigawula umhlahlandlela ophakathi nendawo, ngemuva kobusika akazange alulame, kepha esikhundleni sakhe kwakhula amagatsha amane. Ngikhethe eyodwa, enamandla kunazo zonke, isuse ngempumelelo umqhubi ophakathi nendawo. Amagatsha amile, akhule ngenxa yomqhubi ophakathi olahlekile, aboshwe kancane ukuze akhule ngokuvundlile. Manje isihlahla sama-apula esikhulu, cishe esingahlukaniseki nezinye izihlahla engadini.
UMichael: Ezincazelweni eziningi, i-Anis Aly iyinhlobonhlobo yasehlobo, kepha ngingasho ukuthi isondele kakhulu ekwindla, ngoba ngihlala ngakha ama-apula ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Izithelo zincane kunalezo ze-Striped (kukhona zombili izihlahla zama-apula, engingaziqhathanisa). Kukholakala ukuthi ungadla uqonde esihlahleni, kepha ngincoma ukulala emthunzini kancane ukuze uthole isimo. Bazolala mahhala esiqandisini noma egumbini elingaphansi izinyanga ezimbalwa, zigcinwe lapho nalaphaya, ekugcineni, uginindela kuphela osethambile kancane, kepha uma kungenjalo akukho okushintshile.
UNikolay: Bengidinga ama-apula kuphela i-cider, ngakho-ke angizange nginake ukunambitheka kwasekuqaleni. Ngidlule ezinhlotsheni eziningana ezivela kubangane, ekugcineni ngatshala izihlahla ezintathu kuphela esizeni, esinye sazo i-anise enemigqa nje. I-cider kuvela ukuthi ilungile, empeleni, akunzima kangako ukuyinakekela. Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyayo ukuthi kukhona ujusi omncane impela, uma uhamba, kufanele kube namazambane abondiwe, kufanele futhi uhlunge ukuze uthole umphumela.
Isiphetho
Ama-apula mahle kakhulu, anenambitheka eqinile futhi akayinde isikhathi eside. I-whimsical ngokulinganisela, ngokunakekelwa okufanele bayalulama ezifweni ngokushesha.
Ukubuyekezwa kuyaxubana, kuthambekele phambili kokuhle. Zikulungele ukulungiselela amalungiselelo ebusika (ujamu, ama-compotes, njll.) Nokudla. Inketho yabalimi abanombono wokuthi bangazinakekela kanjani izitshalo nezihlahla ezijwayelekile.