Amagilebhisi abelokhu edume njalo ngokunambitheka kwawo okuhle nezinzuzo zezempilo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi amnyama iCodryanka, edingeka emakethe ngokunambitheka kwayo nokwethulwa kwayo. Abalimi abaningi bathatha ukutshalwa kwalokhu kuhlukahluka, yini okufanele uyazi ukuze uthole isivuno esihle? Ngokuqhubekayo mayelana nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi iCodrianka
Izinhlobonhlobo zitholwe ngokuwela kwe-hybrid eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50 edlule eMoldova. Kwasabalala e-USSR nakwamanye amazwe, lapho kwaziwa khona ngaphansi kwegama "i-Black Magic". Izinhlobo zamagilebhisi "iMoldova" ne- "Marshal" ziyisisekelo sezakhi zofuzo.
Izici zefa ezitholwe kumafomu wabazali:
- isilinganiso sokumelana nesithwathwa (-23 ° С)
- Iziqu zezixhumi ziminyene futhi ziqinile, aziphuli ngaphansi kwesisindo sesithelo
- umthwalo kusihluthulelo esikhulu umaphakathi
- enkulu-izithelo
- ukumelana nezifo
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala (izinsuku eziyi-110 - 120, Agasti, ukuthela kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Septhemba ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba)
- izihlahla zikhula ngamandla
Izici zomuntu ngamunye zokuhlukahluka:
- ukuminyana ngokulingene nokuhlelwa kwamaqoqo ehlathini
- kusuka ku-500 kuya ku-600 g isisindo sesigejane esisodwa
- isivuno esikhulu (50 kg / ha)
- ukuthela unyaka wesibili
Amagilebhisi endaweni eyodwa ungakhula uze ufike eminyakeni engama-30, uma uqapha ukwakheka kwenhlabathi futhi ugcina umswakama nezakhamzimba ngangokunokwenzeka.
Amagilebhisi alungele ukukhula ezifundeni ezintathu zaseRussia: INyakatho yeCaucasian, iNizhnevolzhsky, i-Uralsky. Ikhula kahle e-Ukraine, enkabeni naseningizimu yeBelarus, kanye naseMoldova.
Okuqukethwe kwezinto eziyinhloko:
- Okuqukethwe ushukela - 18 - 20%
- Okuqukethwe kwe-acid 6 - 7.5 g / l
- Amanzi - 79.9%
- Amaprotheni - 0.6 g / 100g
- Amafutha - 0.6 g / 100g
Izici zamajikijolo
- Imbewu engu-1 - 2 kuberry elilodwa
- isisindo sesithelo 6 - 8 g
- amajikijolo awawi isikhathi eside lapho esevuthiwe, agcina izinsuku ezingama-25
- ukuthambekela kokwakheka okuncane kwezithelo, uphizi, esimweni sezulu esingesihle nokunakekelwa
- ukuphakama kwezithelo 3.2 cm, ububanzi 2 cm, umumo ovulekile, i-ovoid
- umbala wejikijolo onsomi onsundu
- uginindela oqinile
- isikhumba esihle esinengubo emaphakathi ye-wax
- ukunambitheka okulula okuhambisanayo
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinzuzo zokuhlukahluka zibandakanya, okokuqala:
- isivuno esikhulu
- igcinwe kahle kuncike ekushiseni okuphelele nomswakama
- ukulimala kwezokuthutha kuncane
- ukumelana lokushisa - 23 ° С.
- ukunambitheka okumnandi
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala kanye nezikhathi zokuthela ezinde
- ukumelana nezifo zamagilebhisi ngesikhutha nokubola okumpunga
Ubuncane
- ngokunakekelwa okunganele, izithelo ezincane zakhiwa, okunciphisa ukufunwa emakethe. Kepha kusetshenziswa ama-gibberellins, le nkinga iyaxazululwa.
- kudinga indawo yokukhosela ezifundeni lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphezu kuka -24 ° C, okuthola izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo
Ukutshala isiko
Amagilebhisi akhula kakhulu ngokusikwa.
Ukutshalwa kwembewu kuyenziwa, kepha kulokhu amagilebhisi ngeke esaba yinhlobonhlobo yeCodryanka. Kuzoba nezici nezici ezihluke ngokuphelele, ngoba impova yenzeka ngesikhathi kwakhiwa imbewu. Futhi lokhu kuholela ekuguqulweni kwezinto zofuzo. Abafuyi benza umvini okhulayo ovela embewini.
Lapho uthenga okokutshala, ikakhulukazi isithombo saminyaka yonke, kufanele unake ukubukeka kwesiko.
Isithombo kufanele sihlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- isitshalo akufanele sibe nezifo ezibonakalayo, izicubu kanye nanoma yikuphi ukulimala komshini
- uhlelo lwempande kufanele lube nezimpande eziyinhloko ezithuthuke kahle nezimpande eziningi ezinemicu emincane
- ihlumela eliyinhloko kufanele lilingane futhi liqine, lidlule okunye ukuphakama futhi libe nesiqondisi esime mpo
- kufanele kube 2 - 3 efihlekile enempilo isitshalo ngasinye
Ukukhethwa kwesayithi
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokukhethwa kwesayithi:
- isayithi likhanyiswe kahle
- ukukhululeka ngaphandle kokwehluka okusobala, ukwehla emthambekeni we-11 - 12 ° kungenzeka
- inhlabathi esizeni akufanele ibe nosawoti
- amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angaphansi kwazo zonke izimpande zezitshalo
- inani eliphansi lokhula
Ukutshala izithombo
Ukutshalwa kwamagilebhisi kungenzeka entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lingu-10 °, noma ekwindla ngaphambi kweqhwa. Inyanga nosuku ziyahlukahluka ngesifunda.
- Imbiwa imbiwa ngo-80 by 80 cm ngosayizi, kabili ukujula kwesistimu yezimpande. Ngentwasahlobo, imigodi imbiwa ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ngaphambi kokwehla.
- Imithombo ibekelwa eceleni amahora ama-2 - 3, ngenkathi iniselwa amahlandla ama-3 - 4
- Ngosizo lwamatshe, izitini eziphukile, noma imfucumfucu, ungqimba lwamanzi we-4 - 6 cm lwakhiwa.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi evundile isetshenziswa emanzini, ngokufakwa komanyolo ophilayo nowamaminerali. Izinga lokufaka umanyolo liyakhonjiswa kumaphakeji.
- Isiko lehliselwa emgodini, lilinganise izimpande, futhi limbozwe inhlabathi, lenze ukucindezeleka okuzungezile.
- Ukunisela okuningi.
- Ngaphezulu koqweqwe lokuvikela - izinsalela zokhula, utshani.
Izinhlelo zokutshala amagilebhisi
Ake sibheke izikimu ezimbili ezikhulayo:
Indlela ejwayelekile yokufika
Isiko litshalwe zilandelana izitshalo ezimbili ngephethini lokuhlola. Umugqa uhlukanise u-2.4 m, phakathi kwezitshalo u-0.65 m. Noma umugqa nje isitshalo esisodwa ngasikhathi, izikhala zomugqa u-2.5 m, phakathi kwezithombo u-1.5 - 2 m. Le yindlela yokukhula ensimini.
Indlela yokutshala ye-Trellis
Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo sakha udonga oluhlaza oluvela esivinini, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo lingu-1.5 m. Lifanele ukukhula ekhaya.
Ukunakekelwa kwemivini emincane futhi evuthiwe
Ukunisela kujwayelekile, kwenziwa njengoba imvula yehla. 5 amalitha isitshalo ngasinye, kuya ngesimo sezulu. Umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ubhekwe. Umanyolo wamaminerali: entwasahlobo empeleni yi-nitrogen, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20 i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 ze-phosphorus potassium.
Ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi, ungafaki i-nitrogen, lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza futhi kunciphise ukukhula kwezithelo. Bazolahlekelwa ukuminyana kwabo nokunambitheka.
Esigabeni sonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, kubalulekile ukwenza izihlahla ezakhayo ukuze wakhe isimo esifunekayo sehlathi.
Ukunakekela imivini evuthiwe kwehluke kancane. Ukunisela, ukufaka umquba ngendlela efanayo. Ukutshala kuhlukile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ikakhulukazi zokuthena:
- Ukuthenwa minyaka yonke kuyadingeka ukugcina isimo sehlathi.
- Ukuthena okufanelekile. Kwenziwa ukufaka amahlumela amadala esikhundleni sentsha.
- Ukuthena kwe-Sanitary. Amahlumela agulayo, angasebenzi ayasuswa.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha
Ukukhiqizwa kwenziwa ngokubeka nokusika. Ukuze usabalalise lesi sitshalo ngokusika, amahlumela anama-2 - 3 efihlekile ayanqunywa, bese egxila. Ukuze kukhiqizwe kabusha, amahlumela asuswa ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zesitshalo ngokubeka, ancika emhlabathini ngamaqabunga awo futhi alale, ukwakheka kwezimpande kwenzeka. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwezimpande nesiqu, ukusika kuyanqunywa.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Konakaliswe izifo: i-rubella, umdlavuza webhaktheriya, i-chlorosis, i-anthracnose, i-bacteriosis. Kunezinto ezikhethekile zamakhemikhali nezemvelo ezilwa nalezifo.
Amagilebhisi avikelekile ezifweni zokubola nezimpunga; ukuvimbela kuyanconywa ngokumelene nalezi zifo. Ngokwelapha izitshalo ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane emelene nalezi zimiso ezithathelwanayo, izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka.
Izinambuzane zilimaza: isicabucabu, i-phyloxera. Ngosizo lokwelashwa okufanele komhlaba minyaka yonke, umkhawulo wokulimala kwalezi zinambuzane uyancipha.
Ekhaya basebenzisa amakhambi esintu ekulweni nezinambuzane nezifo.
Amagilebhisi e-Codrianka ayizinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile eziyohlala zithandwa ngenxa yezimfanelo zabo ezingenakunqotshwa nokunambitheka. Wonke umuntu osebenza engadini engafundile angakwazi ukuhlakulela leli siko.