Noma ngubani othanda utamatisi omncane uzothakazeliswa yilezi zinhlobonhlobo ezimfushane. Utamatisi we-rocket ubonakala ngokungathobeki ekunakekelweni nasekumelaneni nezifo. Ingatshalwa hhayi kuphela ezimweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nenhlabathi engavikelekile, kepha futhi kuvulandi wefulethi ledolobha. Incazelo yezici zalokhu kuhlukahluka, kanye nemithetho ekhulayo izokusiza uthathe isinqumo ngokukhetha utamatisi we-rocket.
Incazelo kanye nezici zerocket rocket
Isiko liphakathi nesikhathi sonyaka, umsuka walo ungoti bokuzalisa baseSoviet, uhlukaniswa ngenani elikhulu lezinzuzo ezenza ukuthi zithandwa kakhulu. Ukuvuna kungenziwa emva kwezinyanga ezine utshale izihlahla.
Lesi sitshalo sinqunyiwe, izihlahla azidluli amasentimitha angamashumi amane nanhlanu ukuphakama. Ingxenye yasemoyeni ye-branching ephakathi, enama-internode amafushane, enza ukuthi kube lula ukutshala isitshalo ngokuqinile, ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo.
Amahlamvu amancane, anombala oluhlaza okotshani ngombala, izithelo emabhulashini zilula, zakhiwa utamatisi ezine kuye kweziyisithupha. Izithelo zihlotshaniswe njengeplamu, zibomvu (noma ziphuzi), zinesisindo esisuka kwamashumi amathathu nanhlanu kuya kumashumi ayisithupha amagremu. Zisetshenziswa ngokuhlukahlukene, zingavuthwa kahle ekamelweni elifudumele elimnyama. Zivuthana ndawonye futhi zihanjiswa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Utamatisi umelana ngokuphelele nokwakheka kokubola.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Izimfanelo ezinhle zifaka:
- ukukhula okuphansi kwesiko;
- ukumelana nomonakalo ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubola;
- ikhwalithi yokugcina enhle kakhulu nokuhanjiswa;
- umkhiqizo ophezulu;
- ithuba lokuvuna ngendlela yemishini;
- ukukhula okweqile kwezithelo ezivuthiwe.
Ngazo zonke izinzuzo, kunezimpawu ezithile ezingezinhle:
- ikhono lesithelo lokuqhekeka;
- ukungabi namandla kwesiko lokunisela nokondla.
Izidingo zenhlabathi zokutshala
Ukuze ukhule izithombo ezinhle, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ingxube yenhlabathi ye-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus. Futhi ngokufaka isiko, indawo ikhethelwa imibhede, ebonakala ngenhlabathi evundile egcwele izinto eziphilayo ezibolile kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali, phakathi kwawo okukhona i-potash. Ngokwemvelo, imibhede kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle yilanga futhi ivikelwe emimoyeni enamandla.
Ukuchelela ngokwanele noma ukondla izithombo kungakafiki isikhathi kungadala ukufa kwamahlumela.
Imithetho yokuhlwanyela
Lokhu kwenziwa ekupheleni kukaMashi. Ukujula kwezimbewu kufanele kube amasentimitha owodwa kuya kwamabili. Enye yezinto ezidingekayo ukuhambisa amanzi emathangini okutshala. Kufanele kwenziwe izimbobo ezimbizeni ukukhipha umswakama omningi, futhi kufanele kubekwe itshe lobumba elandisiwe phansi.
Ukukhiwa kwezithombo kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Ukufakela utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo zingadluliselwa ku-greenhouse elungiselelwe ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ukufakelwa kabusha emibhedeni kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lapho usongo lwamaqhwa asebusuku seludlulile ngokuphelele.
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyakwazi ukukhula ngokushesha esigabeni sokuqala, ukuze ziphinde zitshalwe emhlabathini kakade ngama-inflorescence.
Iphethini lokufika "ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane ngamashumi amahlanu". Izinhlobonhlobo zingaphansi, ngakho izihlahla eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili zingatshalwa kalula kumitha elilodwa lesikwele. Ngaphambi kokutshala, amalitha amathathu kuya kwamane amanzi athelwa emgodini ngamunye.
Bush ukunakekelwa ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha
Izihlahla zikatamatisi akufanele ziniselwe ngesonto lokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho baqala ukunisela kabili noma kathathu ngesonto, banikeze amalitha angamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amathathu umswakama ngesikwele ngasinye somhlaba. Lapho i-ovary yembali ivela, inani lomswakama kufanele lehliswe libe ngamalitha amabili ngesonto ehlathini ngalinye. Kepha phakathi nokwakhiwa kwezithelo nokugcwaliswa kwazo, inkambiso yamanzi iyakhuphukela kumalitha amahlanu ngesitshalo ngasinye. Uma isimo sezulu sinomswakama ngokwanele, akukho ukuthambisa okwenziwayo ukugwema ukuqhekeka kwesithelo.
Ukusheshisa ukubonakala kwezithelo nokuvuthwa kwazo, kufanele kwenziwe ukudla kwamahlamvu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amakhemikhali atholakalayo namakhemikhali wezinto eziphilayo noma ulungiselele ingxube ngokususelwa ku-superphosphate ngokwakho. Izitshalo ezilengayo zondliwa nge-mullein, ehlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso "esisodwa kuya kwayishumi".
Ungasebenzisi umquba omusha!
Isidingo sikamanyolo singanqunywa yizimpawu eziningi:
- amaqabunga asontekile - umswakama omncane noma i-nitrogen;
- amahlamvu aphuzi - i-phosphorus eyeqile;
- ukoma ehlathini, utamatisi we-variegated - ukungabi ne-potassium.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusheshisa inqubo yokuvuthwa kwamatamatisi, kufanele ususe amahlamvu aphansi namahlumela. Lesi silinganiso sithuthukisa nomoya omncane wengxenye engezansi yezitshalo, sivimbela ukuvela kwezifo zefungal.
Inhlabathi emibhedeni kufanele ikhululwe ngezikhathi ezithile, kususwe ukhula. Ungabamba kancane amahlathi ukuze akwazi ukwakha izimpande ezengeziwe. Ukunisela nokondla izitshalo kufanele kube kusihlwa ukuze amahlamvu angashiswa yilanga.
Izifo nokuvinjelwa kwazo
Isitha esiyinhloko yi-blight sekwephuzile. Kungcono ukuyivimba kunokulwa nayo. Uma utamatisi, amazambane, ama-eggplants anopelepele akhule kusayithi ngaphambili, khona-ke ukuze ugweme izifo, iziqongo ezindala kufanele zishiswe emuva ekwindla. Imibhede iphathwa ngesisombululo esikhethekile seFitosporin. Impahla yembewu inconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe kusuka ezitshalweni ezinempilo, ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa kusengaphambili ngesisombululo se-manganese noma okunye ukulungiselela.
Amabhungane aseColorado anama-slugs nawo adala izinkinga. Kuqoqwa amabhungane, kubhujiswe izibungu, izitshalo zifakwe impuphu yomlotha wokhuni, ufulawa wommbila nezinye izinto ezomile. Uma izindawo zokutshala zikhulu, kuzofanela ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Ukulwa nama-slugs kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo. Uma kuvela ibhere, gcoba amakhemikhali noma uhlele izinhlangothi ezingcwatshwe ngokujulile ezungeze ingadi.
Imithetho yokuvuna nokugcina
Izithelo ezivuthiwe zingavunwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba. Utamatisi usetshenziselwa ukulondolozwa nokukha amaminerali, kusetshenziselwa ukwenza amasaladi. Utamatisi osanda kuvuthwa ungahlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele, noma ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amaningi atshalwa ezentengiselwano.
Uma ufinyelela kulimo lwalesi sitshalo ngokuhlakanipha, khona-ke luzohlala lukujabulisa ngezivuno zalo ezicebile. Isidingo esikhulu ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa.