Esinye sezitshalo zasendulo ezazitshalwa ngumuntu ukuhlwanyela uphizi. Umuthi waminyaka yonke ovela emndenini we-legume. Ukutshala akudingi izindleko ezinkulu zomzimba.
Izinhlobo nencazelo yophizi bezimbewu
Okuvame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni i-pea ejwayelekile. Lesi yisitshalo esikhuphukayo. Inamaqabunga anezimpaphe namahlumela aphela ngamathenda. Ama-pea pods aluhlaza okotshani, imbewu ijikelezwe kancane, ubuso bushelelezi. Iqhakaza mhlophe, kwesinye isikhathi ibomvana. Lesi sitshalo silinywa njengokudla nefolishi.
Kunamaqembu ambalwa athandwayo wokuhlwanyela izinhlobo zepea:
- Ushukela
- Ubuchopho
- Ukuxebuka
Izinhlobo zikashukela zingahlukaniswa zibe yizinhlobonhlobo zesobho kanye ne-dessert. Isobho izinhlobo zinezithelo ezincane kunezinye izinhlobo. Kulungiswa kubo amasobho ahlukahlukene.
Ugwadule izinhlobo zidliwa zintsha. Futhi, izinhlobo zama-dessert zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha eziseceleni zezifundo ezahlukahlukene zesibili. Lesi sitshalo sinamaprotheni amaningi.
Uphizi Ubuchopho esetshenziselwa ukudla esimweni sokuvuthwa okumnandi ekhaya. Lezi zinhlobo zisetshenziselwa ukongiwa. Ukuxebuka izinhlobo zivunwa ngezinga lezimboni embonini yokudla.
Kungani uphizi uligugu
Izinzuzo zepea lembewu zifaka ukugcwala kwayo ngamavithamini.
Futhi nezinto ezinje ezidingekayo kumuntu njenge okunamafutha acid, isitashi, amafutha yemifino, ifayibha... Ucebile ngemifino namaminerali. Ngokutshala lesi sitshalo kusayithi lakho, uzogcwalisa ukudla kwakho ngomkhiqizo omnandi futhi onempilo.
Ukukhethwa kwamasayithi nokulungiswa kwawo
Ukuhlwanyela sekuphelile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo emhlabathini olungiselelwe ekwindla.
Lapho ukhetha isiza sokuhlwanyela, le mibandela elandelayo kufanele ibonwe:
- Isiza kufanele sikhanyiswe kahle.
- Ukungabi bikho okuseduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
- Inhlabathi elula, evundile.
Lesi siko sikhula kahle ezindaweni ezinelanga futhi kubekezelela kabi umthunzi. Imibhede kufanele ibekwe ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezinomoya ongcono.
Ayizithandi uphizi wezindawo eziphansi, ezinamaxhaphozi. Izimpande zawo zingena ngokujule ngokwanele emhlabathini futhi izitshalo ezivela kumswakama okweqile zingalimaza.
Ukuhlwanyela uphizi kuthanda inhlabathi evundile futhi kukhula kabi emhlabathini ompofu.
Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, inani elanele lezinto eziphilayo kufanele lifakwe. Ngesikhathi sokumba ekwindla, kuze kufike ku-6 kg umanyolo ophilayo ngemitha eyisikwele, ngokusho kwencazelo noma imiyalo.
Awudingi ukusebenzisa umquba omusha, ngoba ungadala ukukhula okusheshayo kobuningi obuluhlaza futhi uvimbele ukwakheka kwezimbali nezithelo. Kuhle kakhulu lapho intwasahlobo ixegisa umhlabathi ukuze ungeze umlotha... Izobuyisela ngempumelelo umanyolo wamaminerali.
Lapho utshala lesi sitshalo enhlabathini ene-asidi, kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza ukufaka ulayini... Ama-350 - 400 amagremu we-lime ayethulwa ngemitha ngayinye yesikwele.
Lesi siko angesabi amakhaza futhi ukutshala kungaqala ngokushesha nje lapho umhlaba ufudumala kancane. Amaqhwa amancane awesabeki kumahlumela.
Abandulelayo bangasebenza noma iziphi izitshalo ngaphandle kwemidumba... Izokhula kahle emva kweklabishi namazambane. Ama-peas uqobo ayisandulela esihle kakhulu kuzo zonke izitshalo, ngoba agcwalisa inhlabathi nge-nitrogen. Izimpande zawo akufanele zilahlwe lapho kuvunwa. Ukumboza emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokumba ekwindla, uzokwandisa kakhulu ukuzala kwayo.
Imifino ingabangani nommbila. Inani elincane lommbila engadini lizonikeza ukusekelwa okuhle kwalesi sitshalo. Ukuvuna izitshalo ezimbalwa ehlobo, ungasebenzisa izikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuvuthwa zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Udinga ukutshala ngezikhathi zezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10 ukuze uthole uphizi oluhlaza isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala
Ukuze ukhethe ngokushesha nangendlela efanele imbewu yokuhlwanyela, udinga uwafake emanzini anosawoti amancane... Imbewu ethambile ayikulungele ukuhlwanyela. Ama-peas acwile phansi kufanele agezwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Ukuhluma kuzoshesha uma uphizi ofakwe emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa amahora ayi-10-12. Amanzi kufanele aguqulwe ngemuva kwamahora ama-3 - 4.
Ukutshala kwenziwa ngemuva kokuxegisa umhlabathi ngemuva kwamahora ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukuze umhlaba ungomi. Imbewu itshalwe ijule 4 - 6 cm, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa 35 - 40 cm... Ebangeni elilandelanayo 10 - 15 cm.
Le ndlela yokutshala ayifanele zonke izinhlobo. Izinhlobo ezinjenge-Oregon Giant neSuper Sweet, ezikhula zifike kumamitha amabili ukuphakama, zidinga ukutshalwa ngephethini engu-70x70 cm.
Fafaza imbewu ngomhlaba. Ukuze kugcinwe umswakama ongcono, inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe. Mboza umbhede ngesimbozo sepulasitiki ukuvikela imbewu ukuthi ingakhonkothi ezinyonini. Izithombo zizovela ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10 bese ifilimu ingasuswa.
Ukunakekelwa kulula kakhulu. Nisela futhi ukhulule imibhede ngesikhathi - futhi uzoba nokuvuna okuhle. Isitshalo - sitshaliwe kubekezelela kabi ukushisa nesomiso... Esimweni sezulu esinjalo, udinga ukunisela kakhulu.
Kuhle hlanganisa ukuchelela nokufaka umquba... Isipuni esisodwa se-nitroammophoska sihlanjululwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngemuva kokuchelela, ama-aisles ayaxegiswa futhi izitshalo ngokwazo ziyahluzwa.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu, sethela uphizi trellis... Lokhu kuzovikela amahlumela ukuthi angaphambuki angene eshumini. Futhi ukukhipha ukhula nokuxegisa kuzoba lula kakhulu. Kulula kakhulu ukucubungula izitshalo ngomsiki oyisicaba kaFokin. Sika ukhula ukuze wome bese uvala umhlabathi.
Ukulawulwa kwezifo nezinambuzane
Esimweni sezulu esipholile, esinomswakama nesinamafu, uphizi kungenzeka ulimale izifo zokukhunta.
Ngokwesiko, ezimweni ezinjalo, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezinjengesixazululo se-copper sulfate ne-fungicides. Lapho ucubungula izitshalo, kufanele ulandele ngokuqinile imiyalelo nezincomo zokusetshenziswa kwale mithi.
Inundu yePea isitha esibi kunazo zonke. Amacimbi alo alala ubusika enhlabathini. Imvamisa, izimvemvane ze-pea moth ziyaphuma lapho ipea liqala ukuqhakaza. Ngemuva kwesonto zizalela amaqanda, kuvela amacimbi amancane. Bangena ngaphakathi kwesithelo basidle.
Cishe ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, amacimbi aphuma esithelweni bese e-pupate ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zenhlabathi, lapho alala khona kuze kube yisizini elandelayo.
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuyenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza... Uma kunesidingo, kungaphindwa ngemuva kwesonto.
Kubalulekile ukuqala ukuvuna ngesikhathi ukuze uphizi ungavuthwa ngokweqile.
Ngemuva kokuvuna, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukulima okujulile nokubuka ukujikeleza kwesitshalo ungabuyiseli uphizi kule ndawo ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-5-6.
Ngokuhlakulela lesi sitshalo, uzothola umkhiqizo ocebile ngamavithamini namaminerali. Futhi uthuthukise ukwakheka kwenhlabathi futhi uyinothise nge-nitrogen.