Indawo ekhethekile yokuzalanisa izinhlobo zezinkukhu kuhlala ngokutshalwa kwezinhlamvu ezixutshiwe. Kungokwezinkukhu okwenziwe izinkukhu zakwaRedbro, ezaqala ukubonakala emapulazini ezinkukhu eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu eyedlule futhi zazaliswa ngokuwela izinyoni zaseCornish nezimpisi zaseMalay ezilwa.
Indawo yokuzalwa yaseRedbrough yiGreat Britainkodwa zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi bezinkukhu eFrance naseMelika. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ngokucophelela izici zezinkukhu ze-redbro. Ake sikhulume ngokuchazwa kwezinkukhu ze-redbro, futhi sifunde nezimfihlo zokuzifuya.
Izinkukhu zeRedbro: incazelo yokuzala
Kuzoba nzima ngokwedlulele kumuntu oqalayo ebhizinisini lezinkukhu ukuhlukanisa izinkukhu ezibomvu kusuka ezingxenyeni ezijwayelekile zasekhaya, ikakhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zangaphandle zohlobo.
Ukubukeka
I-Redbro iyinhlobo enkulu yezinyoni. Inhloko yenkukhu inkulu, izimpaphe ziminyene. Izikhukhukazi ezizalelayo zinomlomo omfushane, ochazwe kahle nekama elibomvu ngokugqamile. Ukuma kwe-crest kumise okwamaqabunga noma okwenziwe nge-pod. Ama-earlobes akhanyayo, okwenza kube lula ukuwabona.
Kokubili kumaqhude nasezinkukhu, imisipha egingqekayo ibonakala kahle ngaphansi kwezimpaphe. Imilenze yizinyoni ezijiyile, ezijiyile, eziqinile, ezihlukaniswe kabanzi, i-metatarsus yathuthuka kahle.
Umbala wezimpaphe ubomvu, kwesinye isikhathi uphenduka ube nsundu ngokubomvu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinyoni ezinezimpaphe ezimhlophe zitholakala, kodwa lo mbala wezimpaphe ubhekwa njengowehlukile kunokubusa.
Isimo
Izinkukhu zeRedbro zihlala ngokweqile, zinikezwe isimo esizolile nesinokuthula, okwenza kube lula ukugcinwa nezinye izinyoni. Lapho kuzaliswa lolu hlobo, kungcono ukungasebenzisi amakheji, amaRedbroughs athanda inkululeko ngokwedlulele, ngakho-ke ihhoko lezinkukhu elibanzi elinokuhamba mahhala likulungele kakhulu ukugcinwa kwalo.
Izinga lokushisa elincane ehhokweni lezinkukhu akumele lehle libe ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-7 bese likhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-25. Ngokuqondene nezinye, izinkukhu zingaphezu kokuzithoba, zilula kakhulu ukuzigcina kunezinye izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi ama-broilers.
Amapulazi ezimboni noma izingadi zasekhaya
I-Redbro - izinkukhu ziyahlukahluka, izinyoni zizizwa zikhululekile kokubili esakhiweni esijwayelekile somuntu siqu nasepulazini elikhulu lezinkukhu. Zizalwa kaningi ukuthola inombolo enkulu yamaqanda. Ngasikhathi sinye, lolu hlobo lungolweqanda nenyama, futhi ludinga kakhulu lezi zimfanelo.
Izinkukhu zeRedbro zitshalwa ngezinga elikhulu eYurophu naseMelika, ngenkathi ubumsulwa bohlobo lubhekwa ngabahlengikazi bezilwane, okuyinto engenakwenzeka emnothweni wasemuva.
Isici
Isisindo sezinkukhu namaqhude
Ukuzalela izinkukhu ze-redbro ibhizinisi elinenzuzo impela. Isisindo sezinkukhu ezindala sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ama-3, amaqhude - ama-4.5 kilograms, kanti izinyoni zifinyelela kulesi sisindo sezinyanga ezi-4-5 zokugcina ukudla okuvamile.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda
Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhukhukazi esisodwa esikwaziyo ukukwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-160 ngonyaka. Kepha ezinye izingqimba kungenzeka zande izimfanelo zokubeka amaqanda, zikuvumela ukuthi uqoqe kuze kufike kumaqanda angama-250-300 ngonyaka.
IMisa lamaqanda
Amaqanda yizikhukhukazi ezibomvu eziphakathi nendawo, umbala wamaqanda umhlophe noma beige okhanyayo. Isisindo seqanda okungenani ngama-60-70 amagremu.
Ukusetshenziswa kokuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe ngosuku
Ukondla inyoni eyodwa, endala:
- kusuka emavikini amabili udinga okungenani amagremu ayi-100-150 wokuphakelayo ngosuku;
- inkukhu enamasonto amathathu idla cishe u-180-200 amagremu wokuphakelayo;
- inkukhu enenyanga isebenzisa okungenani ama-200-220 amagremu ngosuku;
- amaphuphu aneminyaka engama-5-6 amasonto adinga isilinganiso sama-230-240 amagremu wokuphakelayo;
- inkukhu kusuka emavikini angu-7 kuya kwangu-8 idinga ukudla okungenani ama-245-250 amagremu we-feed feed;
- inkukhu eneminyaka eyisihlanu kufanele ifunzwe ama-300-350 amagremu we-compound feed ngosuku.
Okungakanani okuphakelayo ngeqanda ngalinye?
Ukuthola iqanda eli-1, inkukhu kufanele idle okungenani ama-gramu angama-50 okusanhlamvu, amagremu angama-30 omashisi omanzi, amagremu ayi-100 amazambane abilisiwe, amagremu ayi-10 amakhekhe kawoyela, amagremu ayi-10 kafulawa we-hay, amagremu ayi-100 obisi, izikhonkwane ezimbalwa zikashoko nosawoti wetafula. Ukuba khona komthombo njalo wamanzi ahlanzekile kuyimpoqo.
Izinhlobo zohlobo olubomvu lwe-broiler
ERussia, umuntu ngokuvamile akatholi ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkukhu ze-redbro zibe yizinhlobo, kepha abafuyi bezinkukhu baseYurophu bazi kahle ukuhlukaniswa okuvamile kwezinyoni ku-M redbro no-C redbro. Bobabili bakhuliswa yiHubbard, ipulazi lezinkukhu elikhulu kunawo wonke eFrance lokukhulisa izinyoni zalolu hlobo oluthile.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-redbro M hens zitholakala ngokuwela izingqimba ze-redbro M nezikhukhukazi ze-redbro. Ngokufanayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole i-redbro S.
Ukuzala
Ukukhulisa izinkukhu ezinempilo, ezigcwele umzimba, kuyadingeka ukuhlela umsoco ofanele.
Amatshwele we-redbro anosuku kufanele abe nokufinyelela okuqhubekayo kubisi olusha, i-cottage shizi nemifino eqoshiwe. Isici esiyisibopho sokudla kufanele kube iqanda elibilisiwe futhi eliqoshiwe. Izinkukhu ezikhulile zivunyelwe ukunikezwa umashi omanzi nokomile.
Izinkukhu ezindala zeRedbro zijabulela imifino nezithelo eziqoshiwe... Uma izihlahla zezithelo zikhula ngemuva kwendlu, izinkukhu zingadla izithelo ezivuthwe ngokweqile futhi eziwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi izinyoni zithole amatshe amancane, ushoki, umlotha noma amagobolondo.
Ukwenza ama-shells aqine, amazambane, amaqebelengwane e-oyela, i-silage, ufulawa wephayini ngisho nobisi kufanele kungezwe ekudleni okujwayelekile kwezendlalelo.
Izici:
Bagcina izinyoni endlini yenkukhu ejwayelekile, bebeka inani elidingekayo lama-perches, ama-feeder kanye nabaphuzayo kuyo. Imfanelo ephoqelekile yendlu yezinkukhu kufanele ibe yisiqukathi esinomlotha nesihlabathi, okudingeka ukuthi izinkukhu zigeze ezomile, ezivikela ekubonakaleni kwama-parasites.
Izinyoni zihlanzeke ngokwedlulele, ngakho-ke indlu kufanele ihlanzwe okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ngeviki, kususwe ungqimba ophezulu wotshani odinga ukubekwa phansi bese kufakwa entsha.
Ngaphandle kokuthi izinyoni zalesi siphambano zithathwa njengezingahambisani nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo, kungcono ukugoma yonke imfuyo kusengaphambili, kanye nokungcolisa igumbi lapho izinkukhu zizohlala isikhathi esiningi.
Okwe-disinfection, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-2% caustic soda solution, 3% formalin solution, noma i-3-5% p-creolin solution.
Uphahla lwendlu yezinkukhu kufanele lube mhlophe ngomcako bese luyekwa luphefumule umoya okungenani usuku. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho izinkukhu zingahlala khona.
Izinkukhu ezincane zigcinwa egumbini elikhethekile emazingeni okushisa aze afike kuma-degree angama-33.
Izifo nokwelashwa
Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-broilers, lapho lesi siphambano sifana kakhulu ngokubukeka nezimfanelo zenyama, lezi zamuva zinezinzuzo eziningi ezingabalulekile. Okubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukumelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene zezinkukhu, njenge:
- ISyphus. Isifo esithathelwanayo, izimpawu zaso esibonakala ikakhulu emkhakheni wokugaya ukudla. Inkukhu iqala ukuhlanza kakhulu, isifo sohudo kungenzeka. Kukhona ukuntula ukudla, umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile. Lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngamaconsi asemoyeni, amatshwele anempilo anosuku olulodwa angatheleleka lapho edla amaqanda. Phatha lesi sifo ngama-antibiotic.
- ICoccidiosis. Imbangela yalesi sifo i-parasite. Lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngokuxhumana ngqo. Izimpawu zayo uhudo, ukunganaki, umkhuhlane, ukucindezeleka. Izidakamizwa eziyinhloko yi-furagin, zolen ne-coccidin. Umuthi wengezwa emanzini nasekudleni kwezinyoni ezigulayo nezinempilo. Esikhathini esiningi, lesi sifo sithinta izilwane ezisencane.
- I-Pasteurellosis. Uphawu lokuqala lwalesi sifo ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwamacici enkukhu kanye ne-scallop. Inyoni iba ne-lethargic, isifo sohudo, amafinyila avela emakhaleni, umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala endaweni yomlenze kuyabonakala. Baphatha lesi sifo ngezidakamizwa ze-sulfa, ngasikhathi sinye bakhiqiza ukubulala amagciwane okukhulu kwesibaya senkukhu.
- Salmonellosis. Ukugoma okungalindelekile kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwezinyoni nge-salmonellosis. Ubuthakathaka, ukunganaki, ukungathandi ukudla, isifo sohudo, ukuphela kokukhula kwezilwane ezisencane, ukuvuvukala ngamehlo kubhekwa njengezimpawu zesifo. Phatha lesi sifo nge-furazolidone ngokungeza umuthi emanzini okuphuza. Inkambo yokwelashwa yizinsuku eziyishumi, kuyilapho izinyoni ezigulayo zinconywa ukuthi zihlukaniswe nezempilo.
Izifo ezisohlwini ziyisici sazo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni ngokujwayelekile, kepha izinkukhu ze-redbro zigula nazo kaningi kunezinye, ezazinakekelwa ngabadali besiphambano.
Izinzuzo nobubi bohlobo
Izinzuzo eziphambili zesiphambano se-redbro yilezi:
- izinga eliphakeme lokusinda lezilwane ezisencane;
- inyama yokudla;
- inani elikhulu lamaqanda;
- ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala;
- ikhono lokuthola isisindo ngokushesha;
- ukubukeka okukhangayo kwezinyoni.
Ukungahambi kahle kohlobo kufana nezinkukhu ezijwayelekile zaseRussia, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ngabathengisi abangathembekile.
Kungcono ukuthenga izinkukhu kubafuyi abathembekile abanedumela lomhlaba wonke.
Izibuyekezo zohlobo
U-Evgeniya Viktorovna: I-broiler ebomvu njalo. Ngithande ukunambitheka kwenyama, kanye nobungako bayo. Njengezinkukhu, izinkukhu ze-redbro azizimbi, ngangigculisekile ngokukhula okuncane, naphezu kokulahleka okuthile kwezimfanelo eziyisisekelo zabazali.
ULidiya: Izinkukhu zathengwa eminyakeni emithathu eyedlule komunye wemibukiso yezolimo eYaroslavl. Angibonanga noma yiziphi izimfanelo ezimbi. Ukuphela kwento edinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela ukuhlanzeka kwesibaya sezinkukhu, ama-redbros cishe awaguli, okungijabulisa kakhulu.
UValentine:Isiphambano esiphakeme, angikaze ngisebenze nenyoni enjalo phambilini. Inyama imnandi nje, yize kunemithambo encane. Ukunambitheka kwamaqanda akuchazwa nakancane. Ngigcina izinkukhu enyoni ejwayelekile, isimilo sazo sinokuthula, angikaziboni izinkinga zokuzwana, ngakho-ke ngincoma bonke abafuyi bezinkukhu. Isithangami Sezinkukhu
Isiphetho
Inkukhu iRedbro iyisiphambano samaNgisi, esikhuliswe ngenhloso yokuthola inani elikhulu lenyama yokudla ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Izimfanelo zenyama neqanda lesiphambano ziyaziswa emazweni amaningi omhlaba. Kusuka enkukhu eyodwa kungenzeka ukuthola kusuka kumaqanda ayi-160 ngonyaka.