Ukhukhamba kungenye yokudla okuthandwayo. Leli siko lilethwe lisuka eNdiya futhi belilinywa amakhulu eminyaka. Namuhla eNdiya kukhona nezinhlobo zasendle zamakhukhamba. Bazungeza izihlahla njengokhula. EYurophu nase-Asia, lesi sitshalo sitshalwa ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokugcina izithombo noma ezindaweni ezivikelekile emoyeni. Ukukhula okujwayelekile, kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu, ukhukhamba kudinga umswakama owandayo. Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zaleli siko yizinhlobonhlobo zikaConnie.
Incazelo nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo zekhukhamba likaConnie
Isilimo sikaConnie siyinhlanganisela esekhulile kokubili ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile... Izihlahla, ngokusho kwencazelo, zinamandla, zinamandla, zikhula ngokulingene nezimbali zesifazane. Amaqabunga esitshalo ahlaza okotshani, aphakathi nendawo, ajwayelekile.
Izithelo zincane ngosayizi, imvamisa ngobude 7-9 cm, okusaqanda, amancane anesifo sofuba. Isikhumba sekhukhamba sihlaza, sinameva, simhlophe, kodwa asihlikihle. Uginindela wohlobo olumhlophe umhlophe, ujiyile, unamanzi amaningi, awumunyu. Izithelo isisindo ngokwesilinganiso 60-80 g.
Izici eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo kufanele ziqokonyiswe:
- Baqala ukuthela izithelo ngosuku lwama-50 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhluma.
- I-node eyodwa imvamisa iqukethe amaqanda ama-3 kuye kwayi-9.
- Izinhlobonhlobo ezithela kakhulu.
- Amaconsi okushisa awasabi.
- Isithelo sinambitheka kakhulu.
- Azikho izikhala eziluhlaza ngakho-ke izithelo zenani lokugcotshwa.
- Izithelo zibonakala ngesethulo esihle kakhulu.
Izinkomba zomkhiqizo ongathengiseka:
- ezigabeni zokuqala kukhona 8.7-9.2 kg / m2;
- ngokuhamba kwesikhathi - 12.8-16 kg / m2.
Imbewu yamakhukhamba yalokhu okuhlukahlukene ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile noma ezitolo eziku-inthanethi.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zazalwa ngabalimi benkampani yaseRussia iBiotekhnika ngu iziphambano zezinhlobo ezi-2... Ngokutshala okufanelekile, nokunakekelwa kahle, izihlahla zikaConnie zizokujabulisa ngokuvuna okukhulu.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinhlobonhlobo
Izakhamizi zasehlobo nabalimi bakhetha izinhlobonhlobo zikaConnie ukuze zikhule ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo:
- Ukumelana namasiko ezifweni ezivamile.
- Ukuzithoba okunakekelayo.
- Ukumelana nezinguquko zokushisa.
- Izithelo zesikhathi eside.
- Izithelo ezihlwabusayo ngaphandle komunyu.
- Ukungabi bikho kwesithelo kwandisa inani lokulondolozwa.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwezinzuzo, ukhukhamba kaConnie unezinkinga ezithile.
Akubona bonke abatshali bemifino abanesimo esihle maqondana nokuhlukile amashubhu nezinsipho ezimhlophe... Ngaphezu kwalokho, bagxeka futhi usayizi omncane Zelentsov. Kodwa-ke, ukungalungi okungenhla akukwazi ukudlula izinzuzo zokuhlukahluka.
Izidingo zenhlabathi zokutshala
Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukhukhamba yisitshalo esithanda ilanga. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uConnie angahlupheki lapho kushisa, Udinga ukuba khona kwe-penumbra.
Ukhukhamba akufanele kutshalwe ngemuva kwezitshalo zamathanga. Kungcono ukutshala isitshalo ngemuva kweklabishi, izimpande zemifino noma imidumba.
Ukulungiswa okuyinhloko kwenhlabathi ukwethulwa kwenhlanganisela ekhethekile ekujuleni kwamasentimitha angama-30. Kufanele ifake i-humus, utshani, i-peat nomquba. Lokhu kuzocebisa futhi kufudumise inhlabathi.
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Izingxenye ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi ziyakhululwa futhi zithanjisiwe.
Imithetho yokuhlwanyela
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kuyadingeka lapho inhlabathi ifudumala kancane ngemuva kweqhwa. Kunconywa ukutshala izithombo ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukhukhamba awutshalwe kaningi. Cishe izingcezu ezi-2-3 zitshalwe esigcawini. Ngokuvamile, ukutshala kwenziwa izithombo. Kulokhu kufanele pre-cwilisa imbewu.
Ezinye izindlela zokucwilisa imbewu:
- Songa imbewu ngendwangu efakwe kuqala bese uyibeka ku-cellophane. Lesi sakamuva kumele sibekwe endaweni efudumele. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu, amahlumela azoqala ukuvela.
- Songa imbewu ngendwangu emanzi bese uyifaka esitsheni sengilazi. Vala isitsha ngesivalo bese ushiya kufudumele. Amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini ezimbili.
Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi abandayo ukumanzisa imbewu. Melt noma amanzi emvula anamazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-26 degrees azokwenza.
Kuyadingeka ukutshala izithombo kungakapheli amasonto ama-2-3ngakho-ke ayidluli. Lapho utshala imbewu, iphonswa emhlabathini ukujula okungu-3 cm.
Ukunakekelwa okuhlukahlukene ngemuva kokutshala
Ukhukhamba kaConnie engathobekile isiko.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ngokuvamile kuqukethe:
- i-glaze;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu;
- ukulawula ukhula;
- ukukhulula;
- ukulawula izinambuzane.
Ukuze iziqu zezitshalo zigobeke, kuyadingeka faka ama-slats... Lezi zokugcina zizosebenza njengokwesekwa, futhi zivikele nezihlahla emimoyeni.
Ukunisela izihlahla kunconywa kanye ngosuku... Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni noma ebusuku. Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kufanele kususwe ukhula.
Uma ukhukhamba ukhula endaweni abamba ukushisa, udinga ukuyilawula ukuze izihlahla zingashisi kakhulu. Ithempelesha akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-30... Ngemuva kokutshala, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe.
Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, udinga ukondla isiko kanye. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kanye nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ngemuva kwalokho izihlahla zidinga ukondliwa kanye kuphela ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Ingxube elandelayo ilungele ukondla: 1 litre lomquba ohlanjululwe ebhakedeni lamanzi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kahle kusihlwa noma cha lapho sezulu libalele.
Izincomo zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo:
- Ngaphakathi njengoba isivuno sincike ekwakhekeni kwesihlahla, khona-ke kunconywa ukuthi ukha ama-axils okuqala amaqabunga ama-3-4.
- Vuna ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Chitha ukuvikela izinambuzane nezifo Izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngenyanga.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, lesi sitshalo sizojabulisa abalimi ngesivuno esinothile.
Izifo nokuvinjelwa kwazo
Izifo, izinambuzane ezivamile, izimpawu zokutheleleka, izindlela zokwelashwa kanye nokuvimbela zikhonjisiwe etafuleni.
Igama lesinambuzane / lesifo | Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Kusho |
Ikhukhamba bug | Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga asontekile | Ukumnika ugwayi noma ikhemisi chamomile |
I-Aphid | Shriveled kanye namaqabunga agobile | Ukumnika upelepele obomvu |
Isicabucabu | Amachashazi amhlophe ahlukene avela emaqabungeni, bese kuthi lonke iqabunga liphenduke libe mhlophe. | Ukumnika i-dandelion noma umhlonyane, i-decoction yama-tomato eziqongweni, ukumnika kwe-chamomile yase-Persian |
I-greenhouse whitefly | Ukuqhakaza okumhlophe okushukela kuvela emaqabungeni, kuthi ngemuva kokuba iqabunga liphenduke libe mnyama bese loma | I-Aktofit (0.2%) |
I-Anthracnose | Amabala ansundu ngeziqu namaqabunga, izilonda ezithelweni | Kusho i-Oxyhom, i-Cuproxat, isisombululo esingu-1% senhlanganisela yeBordeaux noma u-0.4% wethusi i-oxychloride |
Ukubola okumhlophe noma i-sclerotinia | Izindawo ezimanzi empandeni. Ngemuva kwalokho isiqu simbozwa ngento emhlophe efana noboya bekotini. | I-potassium ye-Manganese-omuncu |
Ikhukhamba bacteriosis | Amachashaza angular kuqala emaqabungeni, bese ehlanganisa ama-70-90% amahlamvu kanti ingxenye yeziqu, izithelo | Isixazululo se-0.02% se-zinc sulfate |
Isilinganiso esikhulu sokuvimbela ukukhulisa lokhu kuhlukahluka ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kubhekwa njengokundiza, kanye nokulawula umbuso wamazinga okushisa.
Imithetho yokuvuna nokugcina
Endabeni yamakhukhamba akhulayo kaConnie ezimweni zokushisa okushisa, isivuno siqala cishe ngesikhathi sokutshala enhlabathini evulekile yezithombo. Isibonelo, isivuno samakhukhamba atshalwe ngo-Ephreli siwela ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Imifino emisha igcinwa izinsuku ezingama-35 esiqandisini noma ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukukhulisa isikhathi sokugcina, kufanele ushiye iziqu zingadabuliwe ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa futhi ungagezi i-plaque. Iziqu zifakwa emanzini, futhi kulesi simo izithelo zigcinwa esiqandisini kuze kube amasonto amane.
Ukhukhamba kaConnie wuhlobo lwe-hybrid olungadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile futhi luphawulwa isikhathi eside sokuthela. Izithelo zihlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwazo okuhle futhi zisetshenziselwa ukongiwa.