Ama-strawberry angatholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo yensimu, ngenkathi Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Festivalnaya zithandwa kakhulu.
Inezimfanelo eziningi ezinhle, okuyinhloko okuyizithelo eziphezulu nokuzithoba ezimweni ezikhulayo, kufaka phakathi amazinga okushisa ebusika.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-sitrobheli i-Festivalnaya Daisy
I-Strawberry bush bush Festivalnaya ngamandla, kepha ngesikhathi esifanayo icwecwe, amaqabunga atholakala aphakeme kakhulu futhi asondele.
Ama-peduncles ashubile futhi anamandla, akwazi ukuxhasa isisindo sikabheri ovuthiwe, imvamisa asezingeni elifanayo namaqabunga noma ngaphansi kwawo kancane. Ama-inflorescence ahlanzekile kakhulu, izimbali zingabesilisa nabesifazane.
Ngokwencazelo, ukuthela kuvela ngezikhathi eziphakathi noma ezedlule futhi ngasikhathi sinye ihlala isikhathi esanele, kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba-ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Isivuno sezinhlobonhlobo sihle kakhulu, kufika kuma-gramu angama-500 ama-strawberry angavunwa esihlahleni esisodwa. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi izithelo zokuqala zingafinyelela isisindo esilingana nama-gramu angu-45, kanti isivuno sokugcina esivuniwe sizoba ngaphansi kakhulu (10-15 amagremu).
Amajikijolo angama-oblong abomvu ngokugqamile, isikhumba siyacwebezela futhi siyalingana. Intamo ibanzi futhi iqonde. Okubomvu, ama-achenes amancane atholakala ngaphezu kwawo wonke ama-strawberry anjalo.
I-pulp iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ithenda, kepha ngasikhathi sinye iminyene, ngenxa yokuthi inhlobonhlobo ibekezelela ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa isikhathi eside kahle.
Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kumnandi, kumnandi futhi kumuncu ngephunga elibucayi. Ungawasebenzisa lawa ma-strawberry ngezinhloso ezahlukene.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Festivalnaya Chamomile zidume ngokumelana nezifo nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, kepha usengabona isikhutha se-powdery noma ukubuna kwe-verticillary kulesi sitshalo. I-sitrobheli enjalo ibekezelela kahle isithwathwa sasebusika.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda esikhulayo
I-festivalnaya sitrobheli yafuywa edolobheni lasePavlovsk abalimi basekhaya, abasebenze kanzima iminyaka emi-4, esikhathini esisuka ku-1954 kuya ku-1958.
Izinhlobonhlobo zathola igama lazo ngokuhlonipha umkhosi womhlaba wentsha nabafundi, owawubanjwe ngo-1997.
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi I-Festivalnaya ibhekwa njengokuhlukahluka okudala, izinhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid kuze kube manje zehlulekile ukusibekela izici zayo.
Kuyisiko ukutshala ama-strawberry anjalo ezindaweni eziMaphakathi kanye naseNyakatho., eUral naseSiberia.
Izintandokazi ezinjalo ezingavamile zibangelwa ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kubekezelela amakhaza kahle, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuthinteka kakhulu kwisomiso nokushisa, ngakho-ke izindawo eziseningizimu azifanele ukulikhulisa.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene:
- umkhiqizo omuhle;
- ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kwamajikijolo;
- amajikijolo aqhamukayo abekezelela ukuthuthwa kahle futhi agcinwa isikhathi eside;
- izithelo zokuqala ziqhayisa ngosayizi omkhulu;
- isikhathi eside sokuthela;
- izinhlobonhlobo zingakhula ngokukhiqizayo emthunzini oyingxenye;
- lesi sitshalo asesabi isithwathwa sasebusika, amaqabunga ezimbali awathinteki ngesikhathi seqhwa, futhi izihlahla ezilimele zilulama ngokushesha okukhulu.
Okubi:
- izinhlobonhlobo zivame ukuthinteka ezinye izifo;
- isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukushisa nesomiso.
Imithetho yokufika
Kuyisiko ukwenza umsebenzi wokutshala i-Festivalnaya emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobolapho usongo lokubuya kwesithwathwa seludlulile noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Esimweni sesibili, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo sinesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi asigodoli ebusika.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yama-strawberry, kufanele ucabangele izidingo zayo:
- Inhlabathi encane ene-acidic loamy noma i-sandy loam ikulungele kakhulu.
- Isiza kufanele sikhanyiswe kahle, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sivikelwe elangeni.
- Okusalungiswa kuthinta kabi isitshalo.
- Izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kumele okungenani libe ngamasentimitha angama-80.
Ukuze kugwenywe ukudluliswa kwezinambuzane ezivela kubanduleli, ama-strawberry anconywa ukuthi akhuliswe kulezo zindawo lapho kwakhula khona imifino, izaqathe, idile neparsley.
Ukukhula okuphumelela kakhulu kwezithombo, ekwindla, izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi imbiwa ibe ngamasentimitha angama-25 ukujula, ihlanzwe ukhula bese kusetshenziswa omanyolo abalandelayo (ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele):
- Ama-5-6 kilograms omquba noma we-peat;
- 50 amagremu we-superphosphate;
- 20-30 amagremu wamakhemikhali e-potash.
Inqubo yokutshala ama-strawberry endle avulekile abukeka kanjena:
- Ekuqaleni, kumbiwa imigodi engajulile yokufika, ibanga eliphakathi okufanele libe okungenani amasentimitha angama-30.
- Izimbobo ezivelayo ziniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi.
- Kuzithombo, izimpande zifinyezwe kancane futhi amaqabunga ancinyiwe, kusale u-3-4 onamandla kakhulu futhi onamandla kakhulu.
- Lesi sitshalo sibekwa ukuze ikhola lempande libe sezingeni lomhlabathi.
- Isinyathelo sokugcina kuzoba ukuchelela okuningi.
Uma ama-strawberry etshalwe ekwindla, khona-ke kufanele ambozwe ngokungeziwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwamajikijolo engadi
Ukunakekela i-Festivalnaya kulula futhi oqalayo angayiphatha.
Ukunisela ama-strawberry kunemithetho embalwa eyisisekelo.ukucabanga lapho unakekela:
- ukutshala izihlahla kuqala ngo-Ephreli;
- Amalitha ayi-10-12 wamanzi afudumele asetshenziswa ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele lehlathi;
- emazingeni okushisa aphakathi nendawo, amaphethelo aniselwa kanye njalo emavikini amabili;
- ngesikhathi esishisayo, kuzodingeka ukuswakamisa inhlabathi njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3;
- uma kunemvula encane ekwindla, ukunisela ama-strawberry kufanele kuqhubeke futhi kuphindwe njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu;
- ngesikhathi somsebenzi, amanzi akufanele avunyelwe ukungena esitshalweni esisesigabeni sokuqhakaza noma se-fruiting.
Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7-10, imibhede kufanele ikhululwe ngokucophelela nokusula ukhula. Lokhu kuzobasiza ukuthi bathole umoya-mpilo omningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuvimbela ukuhwamuka okusheshayo komswakama nokuyeka ukukhula kokhula, ama-aisles kufanele ahlanganiswe utshani, utshani noma ipeat.
Ukuze isitshalo sakhe uhlelo lwezimpande olunamandla nolusebenzayo, zonke izintshe kanye nama-peduncle ziyasuswa kuso ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila.
I-festivalnaya sitrobheli idinga ukufunzwa njalo, okwenziwa ngokuya ngohlelo olulandelayo:
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, masinyane ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa | Umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi |
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umanyolo ufakwa kanye ngesonto. | Ama-milliliters angama-200 osiba wezinyoni ahlanjululwa ngamalitha ama-4 amanzi bese eniselwa ngalengxube esihlahleni esisodwa |
Ekupheleni kokuthela | I-Superphosphate, i-50 gram yayo ihlanjululwa ebhakedeni lamanzi |
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukondla ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchelela.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Ama-strawberry omkhosi angasakazwa ngezindlela eziningana, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izindlela zemifino zivame ukuphela empumelelweni, futhi lapho kuhluma imbewu, kunengozi yokuthola isitshalo esihlukile kunonina.
Ukuze uthole izithombo kusuka enzalweni, yenza lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:
- ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari-ekuqaleni kukaMashi, inhlanganisela evundile ilungiswa, equkethe izingxenye ezilinganayo zesihlabathi ne-peat, imbewu iyamanziswa futhi ibekwe ngaphezulu, bese icindezelwa kancane ekujuleni;
- isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma ucwecwe bese sibekwa endaweni efudumele, sishaywa umoya ngezikhathi ezithile futhi sinisele;
- ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2-3 amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele futhi izithombo zingacwiliselwa ezitsheni ezihlukile;
- ngokushesha nje lapho ama-rosettes ama-3-4 amaqabunga evela ezitshalweni, angadluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukuthola okokutshala kumadevu, kwanele ukukhetha ukudubula okunamandla nokude kakhulu, okusele kuyasuswa.
Lapho nje kwakhiwa i-rosette yezimpande kuyo, ifakwa ebhodweni elihlukile bese iphonswa emhlabathini, ngemuva kwalokho ibhekwe njengesithombo. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, isihlahla esincane singahlukaniswa nesitshalo sikamama.
Ungasebenzisa futhi indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla, ngokuya lapho isitshalo esidala simbiwe phansi sihlukaniswe saba izingxenye eziningana.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ama-rosettes amaqabunga ama-3-4 nezimpande ezinempilo, ezinamandla kufanele zibe khona ekusikeni ngakunye.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-festivalnaya sitrobheli, njengezinye izitshalo, ithinteka yizifo ezahlukahlukene. Imvamisa, ukubola okumpunga, isikhutha se-powdery noma ukuqothuka kwe-verticillary kungabonakala ezihlahleni.
Izifo | Izindlela zokulawula |
Ukubola okumpunga | Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga, isitshalo sifuthwa ngamalungiselelo "Topsin M", "Zuparen", "Derozal", njll. Uma ihlobo lina, khona-ke ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza. |
Isikhunta se-Powdery | Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, umuthi "i-Trichoderma" uyasebenza; |
Ukubuna okuqondile | Uma ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuqalwa ngesikhathi, imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ("i-Fitodoctor", "i-Fitosporin", njll.) Ingaba izindlela ezinhle. Ngezigaba ezithuthukile, i-Brodsky liquid noma i-Fundazol isetshenziswa. |
Ukuvimbela izifo nezinambuzane kanje:
- Ekuqaleni kobusika, isembozo semifino siyasuswa emibhedeni futhi amaqabunga ezitshalo ayasuswa, ngemuva kwalokho inhlabathi ikhululwe ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-6-8 bese iphathwa nge-Brodsky liquid noma i-copper sulfate.
- Ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, izitshalo nomhlabathi obazungezile baphathwa ngokwakhiwa okulandelayo:
- 5 amalitha amanzi;
- 2 wezipuni kawoyela wemifino;
- Isipuni esingu-1 sensipho ketshezi
- 1 isipuni somlotha;
- 1 isipuni uviniga
- Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa kusetshenziswa uketshezi lwe-Brodsky.
I-festivalnaya sitrobheli iyinhlobo eyaziwayo yokukhethwa kwasekhaya, engakaze ilahlekelwe ukuthandwa kwayo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.
Izitshalo ezinjalo ziletha isivuno esinothile, esiqukethe amajikijolo amakhulu futhi amnandi kakhulu.