Utamatisi akagcini ngokunambitheka okumangazayo, kepha futhi aqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini namaminerali awusizo. Lawa ngamavithamini B1, B2, B3, B6, B9 kanye no-E. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-vitamin E ibusa kakhulu. Utamatisi awulungele umzimba wethu kuphela, nawo ujwayele ukujabula. Konke sibonga into ephilayo ebizwa nge-tyramine, ephinde iguqulwe ibe yi-serotonin. Le mifino ingabizwa ngokuthi i-organic anti-depressant ekwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezicindezelayo.
Kulesi sibuyekezo, sizokhuluma ngolunye lwezinhlobonhlobo zetamatisi, `` incazelo '' kanye nezici zazo ezinikezwe ngezansi.
Incazelo eningiliziwe kanye nezici zezinhlobonhlobo zetamatisi eziqala
Isihlahla setamatisi sohlobo olunqumayo singakhula size sifike ku-0.65 m ukuphakama Uma isitshalo sikhule endaweni yokugcina izithombo, khona-ke ubude bungafinyelela ku-0.75 m. Le nguqulo ye-hybrid yemifino isheshe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi isikhathi sayo sokuthela sinwetshiwe. Ungavuna izithelo zokuqala ngemuva kokutshala imbewu ngezinsuku ezingama-90-95.
Utamatisi Debut zingatshalwa kokubili endle futhi ku abamba ukushisa.
Abalimi bezitshalo bancoma ukwenza izihlahla zikatamatisi zingabi zikhulu kakhulu, kuphela iziqu ezimbili. Lapho-ke isivuno sizobe siphezulu kakhulu.
Kungcono ukungasondli isitshalo kaningi. Kusukela lapho amaqabunga neziqu zehlathi zizobe ziluhlaza futhi zikhudlwana, futhi lokhu kuzokwengeza isikhathi sokuvuna kokuqala. Iningi labantu elihlanyele lolu hlobo lukatamatisi liyavuma ukuthi kungcono ukubopha izihlahla. Lapho-ke izithelo azithinti ubuso bomhlaba bese zivuthwa kangcono.
Izithelo: umumo oyindilinga; iqondaniswe nendawo ebushelelezi; ngemuva kokuvuthwa, bathola umbala obomvu ojulile; isisindo esimaphakathi sesithelo esisodwa ngu-0.18-0.22 kg.
Isebenzisa: utamatisi walolu hlobo ungabizwa ngokuthi jikelele. Baboleka ukuwafaka emathinini, ukuwa usawoti, ukwenza amajusi, i-pasta namazambane acubuziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utamatisi unambitheka omuhle lapho esetshenziswa emisha.
Ubuhle nobubi
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuhlukahluka kwe-Debut zifaka:
- ukuhlangana nosayizi omncane wehlathi;
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala izithelo zokuqala;
- phezulu ukusimama ukushisa ngokweqile;
- ukuhlukahluka kotamatisi mayelana nokudla;
- izindawo zokuvikela eziphakeme ngokumelene izifo ezahlukahlukene;
- akukubi ukuphepha kwemifino ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Okubi kokuTamatisi Debut kufaka: ubunzima ekunakekeleni isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zidinga ukuboshwa ukuze izithelo zingathinti inhlabathi.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zenhlabathi zokutshala
Utamatisi unikeza isivuno esihle uma inhlabathi inokuqukethwe okuphezulu komswakama - 70-80% we-HB. Izithelo ziyoba mnandi futhi zihle kuphela ngokukhanya okwanele. Uma isitshalo singenakho ukukhanya okwanele, isikhathi sokuvuthwa siyoba side. Ukukhanya akudingeki kuphela utamatisi uqobo, kepha kudinga isihlahla sonke.
Umhlabathi kufanele ukhethwe ukuthi ungene kalula, ubambe umswakama futhi unomoya, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kusafanele uhluke ngobuningi. Ukulungisa kahle inhlabathi, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-peat ne-humus ngokwengeziwe.
Imithetho yokuhlwanyela: ungayitshala kanjani kahle imbewu yezithombo nokuthi nini
Kuyisiko ukutshala utamatisi ngezithombo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwesiqephu somhlaba kanye nokushisa kuyatholwa. Kulokhu, i-greenhouse kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ikhanyiswe kahle. Kuzoba kuhle uma kufanele ukwazi ukulawula izimo zomoya nezinga lokushisa.
Isikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo sincike kuphela kwisizini. Uma kusebusika, kuzothatha okungenani amasonto ayi-9, entwasahlobo - amasonto ayisithupha, kanti ehlobo kuzothatha cishe amasonto ama-5.
Kunconywa ukutshala imbewu kumakhasethi noma emabhokisini usebenzisa ingxube ye-peat. Uma ufuna ukuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu, kufanelekile ukufaka i-vermiculite kusilinganiso esisodwa kuya kwesinye.
Kuyafaneleka ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngokujula okungu-5-10 mm.
Kokuqala, udinga ukuthi ubhekane kakhulu nokwakha umbuso wokushisa oyifunayo ku-greenhouse. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izithombo zizolula kakhulu futhi iziqu ziyoba buthakathaka kakhulu. Ukufundwa ku-thermometer ngesikhathi sokuchelela kufanele kube esifundeni se-18-20 degrees.
Uma iziqu zikhulu kakhulu, izinga lokushisa endlini abamba ukushisa kufanele lehliswe ebusuku. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zizolula.
Kuyafaneleka ukubumba isihlahla ngemuva kokubopha. Ukuthwebula kwenziwa masonto onke, ngokususa indodana engayizali efinyelele kubude obungu-20-50 mm.
Kungcono ukwakha utamatisi ngeziqu ezimbili. Kwi-inflorescence eyedlulele, akumele kushiywe amaqabunga angaphezu kwamabili. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo, amabhulashi ama-14-16 azophuma ehlathini.
Lapho utshala isitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, impova yenzeka ngendlela ejwayelekile. Ngenkathi ku-greenhouse lokhu kudinga ukuthi kusetshenzelwe kukho. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa i-vibration dusting, ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone noma ama-bumblebees.
Ukufakela utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo
Isikhathi sokutshala izithombo sinconywa ukuthi sikhethwe ngokuya ngezimo zezulu zesifunda sakho. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amathathu okuqala, isihlahla siyacwiliswa futhi sivundiswe ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi.
Akucetyiswa ukuthi uphinde ufake izithombo ekuseni, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi amahlathi abuthakathaka kakhulu.
Lapho ugcina izitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezimweni zokushisa okushisayo, kufanelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthambekela kokunisela ngamanzi angabandi. Umhlabathi ukhululiwe impela ukucebisa uhlelo lwempande nge-oxygen. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukubonakala kokhula futhi ulususe ngesikhathi, ukuze "zingabulali" isitshalo esitshaliwe.
Ezinyangeni ezimbili emva kokutshala imbewu izithelo zokuqala ezibomvu ziqala ukuvela.
Izifo nokuvinjelwa kwazo
Njengoba utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo uvuthwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, azikho izinkinga nge-blight sekwephuzile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izithelo zivunwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Futhi, ukuhlukahluka kwe-Debut kukhombisa ukumelana nomdlavuza we-erticillosis, Fusarium ne-Alternaria.
Uma uhlela ukutshala izitshalo ku-greenhouse, akunconywa ukuthi uphinde usebenzise inhlabathi ezitokisini ezindala. Ingaqukatha ama-microorganisms ayingozi nezifo. Futhi ngisho nesihlahla esinempilo ngokuphelele singagula.
Ukuvuna utamatisi nemithetho yokugcina
Kunconywa ukuvuna utamatisi kaningana ngesonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungcono ukukwenza lokhu ekuseni, lapho isivuno singekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka izimpahla zidinga ukuhanjiswa ngokuzayo, kuzodingeka uzikhiphe zisa nsundu. Ukugcina izithelo ziqinile, kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso wokushisa. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu libhekwa njengeliyi-12-13 degrees Celsius.
Ukubuyekezwa kwabalimi ngokuhlukahluka kwe-Debut
U-Alinakusuka esiqeshini eseningizimu yeRussia kuthokozela ubukhulu bezithelo ezitholiwe. Makhulu futhi mahle. Futhi, izihlahla azidingi ukondliwa kaningi.
UDinielkuphawulwe ukumelana okuphezulu nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo.
AmaSeminis Agronomists akunconywa ukuthi usebenzise kabi umanyolo we-nitrogen, ngoba isitshalo asihlukile esihlahleni esinamandla. Konke kufanele kube ngokulinganisela.
UMariauphawula ukunambitheka kwamatamatisi. I-hybrid ihlukaniswa ngobuningi be-rind. Kungakho ingasetshenziselwa ukuwafaka emathinini, utamatisi uzogcina ukubukeka kwawo futhi ngeke uqhekeke, njengoba kwenzeka njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okusha nakho kumnandi kakhulu futhi kuyinyama.
Kukhona nokufutheka kwabalimi mayelana nobuqili besiqu. Kungani kufanele isitshalo siboshwe njalo ukuze izihlahla zingaphuli.
Ngokuvamile, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kukamatamatisi okuqala kakhulu kuthandwa kakhulu. Izithelo zawo zimnandi futhi zinamakha. Zingafakwa emathinini, zenziwe ujusi ne-pasta, futhi, uma zifunwa, zimane nje zigoqeke zibe isaladi. Kepha ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kufanelekile ukunamathela kwezinye zezincomo esikhulume ngazo phambilini.