Ekuqaleni, ubhontshisi we-asparagus wawungasakazeki ezindaweni zensimu ze-amateur. Kepha kuyize ngokuphelele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu babona ukuthi izindumba ezibucayi zalolu hlobo zingathola ukupheka okuningi kunezinhlobo ezilula. Yize izithelo zalo ezivuthiwe ziqinile, ngakolunye uhlangothi ama-pods aqukethe izindonga zesikhumba nemicu eqinile... Yingakho wonke umhluzi ungadliwa.
Incazelo kanye nezici zobhontshisi we-asparagus
Lezi bhontshisi zinegama lazo ku-asparagus, okukhumbuza ama-pods asenziwe ngomumo ngokunambitha. Kepha maqondana nobudlelwano begazi, ubhontshisi we-asparagus ufana kakhulu nobhontshisi ojwayelekile. Umehluko wabo omkhulu ukungabikho kwemicu nefilimu eqinile ngaphakathi. Ngaphandle, zingahlukaniswa ngesimo semidumba. Ezinhlobonhlobo ze-asparagus, zincane futhi zinde ngokuma. Izinhlobo ze-Asparagus zifaka uhlobo oluhlukile olubizwa ngeVigna.
Endaweni esenyakatho, imidumba itshalwa ngezithombo. Eningizimu, kunalokho, ungaphumelela ukukhulisa izivuno ezimbili, futhi kwesinye isikhathi noma ezintathu ngesizini ngayinye.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zikabhontshisi we-asparagus:
- isihlahla;
- ukugoba uhhafu;
- okugoqene.
Ama-shades ama-pods nawo ahlukile kulinywa:
- okuluhlaza okotshani;
- ophuzi;
- I-Violet;
- okubomvu.
Zincane ngomumo, kodwa zinde.
Izimbali zingahlukahluka komunye nomunye ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Kwesinye isikhathi zisetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuhlobisa. Ngokumangazayo, izinhlobo eziningi ziyabekezelela umthunzi futhi zingatshalwa ngisho nasenyakatho yesakhiwo endle.
Izwe lakubo kanye nezifunda zokukhula
Izwe lobhontshisi we-asparagus yiNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izakhamizi zalezi zifunda bezazi ngezici eziyisimangaliso zikabhontshisi we-asparagus. Ngisho namaRoma asendulo ayesebenzisa lesi sitshalo ngezinjongo zezimonyo. Lesi sitshalo safika eYurophu ngekhulu le-16. ERussia, ekuqaleni yayisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izingadi nemibhede yezimbali. Baqala ukuyidla kuphela ngemuva kwamakhulu eminyaka.
Namuhla, ubhontshisi we-asparagus utshalwa cishe yonke indawo. Izakhiwo zayo ezinenzuzo nokunambitheka akuthole ukusetshenziswa ekuphekeni kuphela, kepha nakwi-cosmetology nakweminye imikhakha yomnotho wezwe.
Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu
Ubhontshisi we-Asparagus usuvele unenombolo enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo. Ezinye zazo seziyizintandokazi zangempela kubalimi basekhaya. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- IsiTurk;
- i-crane;
- ububele;
- intombi yeqhwa;
- inkosi kawoyela.
Isi-Turk
Owokuqala uvame ukusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuhlobisa. Ubude bemivimbo yakhe bufinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Ukuhlobisa kutholakala ngenxa yokuthi amahlamvu amboza isiqu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kobuhle obukulesi siza, ungajabulela nezithelo ezimnandi. Ubude be-pod bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20. Umbala wabo ungaba luhlaza futhi ubomvana. Isivuno sanele ngokwanele.
I-Crane
Kungenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala futhi kunambitheka kakhulu njenge-asparagus. Izihlahla zikabhontshisi wemifino zincane kakhulu, ukuphakama kwemivimbo kunguhhafu wemitha. Imbewu iluhlaza okotshani. Isivuno siphezulu.
Inkosi yamafutha
Olunye uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu ekuqaleni yi-Butter King. Ihlathi lincane kakhulu, lingaphansi kwengxenye yemitha ukuphakama. Iphikisana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane, ayidingi ukuchelela njalo, futhi ibekezelela isomiso kahle. Ubhontshisi uphuzi ngombala, ubude be-pod bungaba ngamasentimitha angama-25. Ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, isivuno esikhulu.
Ubuchwepheshe kanye nohlelo lokutshala imbewu yemifino emhlabathini ovulekile
Ungasitshala kanjani lesi sitshalo semidumba endlini yakho yezwe? Amabhontshisi ayisitshalo se-thermophilic, awabekezeleli isithwathwa. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla laba ngu- +10 degrees, lesi sitshalo siyayeka ukukhula, futhi noma ngabe kuneqhwa elincane kakhulu liyafa nje. Ngokutshala, kufanele uzame ukukhetha inhlabathi evulekile, ekhishwe kahle. Umanyolo wemvelo ungasetshenziswa ngaphambili.
Uma inhlabathi esizeni ingavundile kahle, inesihlabathi, khona-ke umanyolo we-nitrogen usetshenziswa entwasahlobo (ngokwesibonelo, i-ammonium nitrate 20-30 g / m2).
Ubhontshisi unesistimu yezimpande ethuthuke kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke babekezelela isomiso kahle. Kepha ngokungabikho kwemvula isikhathi eside, ukuchelela kusadingeka. Kepha lesi sitshalo asibekezeleli umswakama owedlulele.
Ubhontshisi kufanele utshalwe endaweni eyodwa, ngoba uhlelo lwawo lwempande lungenisa inani elikhulu le-nitrogen enhlabathini. Kungcono ukutshala lesi sitshalo ezindaweni lapho amazambane, iklabishi noma ukhukhamba akhule khona ngaphambilini.
Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa noma yomile noma ngokumfaka kusixazululo sokuvuselela ukukhula. Awudingi ukuthenga izikhuthazi zamakhemikhali. Uju, umlotha, i-humus nomquba kuzofanela impela. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngokujula okuphakathi (cishe u-3-4 cm). Uma ukutshala kujulile, izithombo kuzodingeka zilinde isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi uhlelo lwazo lwempande luzobuthaka. Imbewu engadini itshalwe ngokohlelo olulandelayo: ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngama-40-50 cm, naphakathi kwemigodi - 20-30 cm.
Ukunakekelwa kwangemva kokutshala nezitshalo ezikhulayo engadini
Ngemuva kokuthi ubhontshisi we-asparagus uhlume, ukuyinakekela kuqukethe ukuchelela, ukukhulula nokususa ukhula, ukuvundisa nokulawula izinambuzane.
Uma ngemuva kokutshala kunosongo lweqhwa lasebusuku, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela kufanele kumbozwe ngefilimu noma ngezinto ezikhethekile. Inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo, udinga ukondla okokuqala ngomswakama-nitrogen. Le nqubo ibaluleke kakhulu esimweni sezulu esomile. Ngokuqukethwe okwanele kwenhlabathi emhlabathini, kungafakwa nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngesikhathi se-pod ovary, kuzofaneleka ukufaka umanyolo nge-potassium-phosphorus fertilizer. Ngokukhuphuka ubhontshisi, kungakuhle ukwakha izisekelo. Uma izinhlobonhlobo ozikhethile nazo zinezimbali ezinhle, ungazisebenzisa njengokuhlobisa.
Lapho ukhula imibhede, utshani abukwazi ukulahlwa, kepha busetshenziswa njenge-mulch. Kamuva, ungasebenza njengomanyolo omuhle, ngoba ubhontshisi uphendula kahle ezintweni eziphilayo.
Ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kahle kwezitshalo
Ubhontshisi we-Asparagus uvame ukuvunwa ungakavuthwa. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungaphuthelwa isikhathi sokuqoqwa. Lokhu kwenziwa kahle kakhulu emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokuvela kwe-ovary. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukutholakala kwezakhi zomzimba kukhulu kakhulu, ama-pods athambile futhi emnandi, kanti okusanhlamvu kuncane. Lapho ama-pods esusiwe, lesi sitshalo siqala igagasi elisha lokuqhakaza bese siqhubeka nokusetha ama-pods. Le ndlela yokuvuna ikuvumela ukuba uvune kuze kube yiqhwa impela.
Akunasimo lapho ubhontshisi kufanele udliwe uluhlaza, ngoba into enobuthi ikhona ekubunjweni kwayo. Kungadala ukudakwa okukhulu komzimba. Yingakho, noma ngabe ufakwa kumasaladi amasha, kunconywa ukuthi ubilise.
Imvamisa, isivuno esivuniwe sidliwe okusha futhi okusemathinini, kufriziwe. Izindumba eziqoqiwe nazo zingagcinwa endaweni epholile futhi emnyama okwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesonto bazoqala ukukhukhumala futhi balahlekelwe yizimfanelo zabo zokuhweba. Kungakho kungcono ukusebenzisa amafriza ukugcina isikhathi eside.
Ubhontshisi we-asparagus awaziswa nje kuphela njengengxenye yezitsha zokupheka, kodwa futhi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuthukisa inhlabathi ngezakhi zomzimba kanye ne-nitrogen, nakho okubalulekile. Ekutshalweni, lesi siko asinamqondo, futhi ukuvuna kulula kakhulu. Izici eziwusizo zobhontshisi zisetshenziswe kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kakhulu, ezinye izindlela zokupheka zisasinda kuze kube yilolu suku.