Ezweni lethu, ngeke uthole ikotishi lasehlobo lapho kutshalwa khona ukhukhamba. Bangakhula ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ze-polycarbonate, ama-hotbeds, imiphongolo nangaphandle. Uma inhloso ukuqoqa isivuno esivulekile, udinga ukuqonda zonke izingqinamba zokunakekela lesi sitshalo esidumile futhi wazi ukuthi ngabe sidinga ukuboshwa nokuthi siniselwe ngamuphi umbandela.
Ukunakekelwa okudingekayo kwamakhukhamba ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthela
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, kuza umzuzu obalulekile wokunakekela imifino ukuze zijabule isikhathi eside ngemifino yazo e-crispy.
Ukunakekela ukhukhamba ngezandla zakho akunzima - udinga ukulandela imithetho elula.
Imithetho yokunisela okulungile kwamakhukhamba ku-greenhouse nasensimini evulekile
Ukuze isitshalo singalimazi futhi isihlahla sekhukhamba sinikeze isivuno esicebile futhi esihlwabusayo, kuyadingeka ukubheka imithetho emithathu eyinhloko yokuchelela:
- inani
- Isikhathi
- Ukuvama njalo
Lesi sitshalo sinohlelo lwempande olusendaweni engajulile ebusweni bomhlaba futhi lapho lunisela, amanzi angena ngokushesha angene enhlabathini. Ngokunisela okunganele, izimpande azitholi umswakama odingwa isihlahla sekhukhamba kakhulu ukuze ukhule ngokugcwele, uqhakaze futhi uthele.
Ukhukhamba unamaqabunga amakhulu, adlala indima enkulu ekuhwamukeni komswakama. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo sivame ukuniselwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokufafaza.
Izithombo ezisencane ziniselwa kuphela ehlathini ukuze zingalimazi izithombo futhi zingadaluli uhlelo lwempande olubuthaka. Lapho izimpande zivela ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, kuyadingeka ukusivimba ngokushesha isitshalo.
- Ngesikhathi semvula, ukhukhamba okhula emibhedeni evulekile, ngesikhathi sokukhula, ngenkathi kwakhiwa imivimbo nangesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwama-inflorescence, awuniselwa nhlobo.
- Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo nesomile, ukhukhamba uyaniselwa nsuku zonke, njengoba isendlalelo esiphezulu soma. Ukuze kugcwaliswe kahle inhlabathi ngamanzi, kusetshenziswa imitha eyisikwele ngayinye kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-15 amanzi.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, ukuchelela kwenziwa: esimweni sezulu esishisayo kabili ngosuku, esimweni sezulu esiguqubele, kabili ngesonto. Umuntu omdala owakhe isihlahla udinga 15 amalitha ngesikwele ngasinye. imitha, nangama-zelents amasha - 25 amalitha.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, kudingeka inani elikhulu lamanzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele izithelo (ukunambitheka nekhwalithi yamakhukhamba kuncike kulokhu).
Izinga nokujwayela ukuchelela kunqunywa izinga lokunothisa kwenhlabathi. Ngokunisela okwanele, amanzi awangeni enhlabathini futhi ahlala phansi.
Ukomisa nokugcwala kwamanzi okuqinile kwenhlabathi akufanele kuvunyelwe. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuntuleka kwamanzi ukuncipha kwamahlamvu, futhi umswakama owedlulele ungaholela ekuboleni kwezimpande.
Isikhathi esihle sokunisela yilesi ekuseni noma ngemuva kokushona kwelangalapho imisebe yelanga isathule noma ingasasebenzi. Ngemuva kokuchelela ngakunye, chitha ukuxegisa umhlabathi phakathi kwemigqa, ukuze umswakama uqhubeke isikhathi eside futhi ungakhi inhlama yobumba.
Ukunisela ukhukhamba wangaphandle kuhluke kakhulu ekuniseleni ukhukhamba okhula ngokushisa. Kuyadingeka lapha cabangela umswakama futhi ugcine izimo zokushisa... Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwezingu-15 degrees, ukuchelela akwenziwa, ngoba emazingeni okushisa aphansi uhlelo lwempande alungenisi amanzi kahle, okungaholela ezifweni zezitshalo.
Ukuze uthokozele isivuno esinothile futhi uvimbele ukuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, ukhukhamba uniselwa ngamanzi afudumele ngokukhethekile.
Uma phakathi nosuku, izinga lokushisa lihlala kuma-degree angama-25, izihlahla aziniselwa hhayi empandeni, kodwa ezungeze isitshalo, lapho ukwandisa - sebenzisa indlela yokufafaza... Le ndlela isetshenziswa kuphela ngezikhathi zasekuseni.
Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sehlobo, ukuchelela kunciphile, ngoba umswakama omningi emhlabathini obandayo ungadala ukubola kwezimpande.
Ukhula nokuxegisa ingadi
Njengoba izimpande eziyinhloko zamakhukhamba zisondele ngaphezulu, ukukhipha ukhula nokuxegisa kwenziwa ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Inqubo yokuxegisa kufanele yenziwe njalo emva kokuchelela, ahlehle ngokucophelela iziswebhu. Ngenyanga yokuqala, izithombo ezincane ziyakhululwa nsuku zonke, ziye ekujuleni kwe-4 cm, bese le nqubo yenziwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7. I-Hilling yenziwa kaningi ngesizini ngayinye ukwakha izimpande ezisencane eziseceleni.
Ukhula izihlahla kufanele kwenziwe njengoba ukhula lukhula, ngoba ukhula luhamba nezifo ezahlukahlukene ezingadala ukulimala okungenakulungiseka kumvini wekhukhamba.
Ukuze umise ukukhula kokhula futhi ugcine umswakama emhlabathini, ungaqhubeka umbhede: utshani obugundiwe, ishwa noma utshani
Izindlela ze-garter emhlabathini kanye ne-polycarbonate greenhouse
Ukunakekela isivuno sekhukhamba nakho kuqukethe i-garter yamahlumela. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe lapho isihlahla sikhula.
I-garter efanele yezitshalo ixazulula izinkinga ezimbalwa ezinkulu:
- Yonga isikhala
- Ivimbela ukuvela kwezifo ezivela ekuthintaneni kwezithelo nomhlabathi
- Kusiza ukuvuna
Kuyadingeka ukwenza inqubo ye-garter lapho isitshalo sesakhe amaqabunga ama-4-5 futhi sesifinyelele ekuphakameni kwamasentimitha angama-30.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokubopha:
- Kuvundlile
- Kuqondile
Amanetha akhethekile alungele ukubopha. Inetha selulelwe phezu kwe-trellises noma izisekelo, futhi ukhukhamba uqala ukuzigoqela ngalo wedwa. Endaweni ebamba ukushisa, ukhukhamba uboshwe ngentambo emagcekeni avundlile. Ungabopha futhi kuma-arcs noma wenze ukusekelwa ngokwakho.
Umanyolo odingekayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
Zonke izitshalo zemifino zidinga ukudla okufanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi ukuze zikhule kahle, ukhukhamba akunjalo. Wonke umlimi wensimu kufanele azi ukuthi ukhukhamba ufakwa nini, kanjani futhi ngamakhukhamba ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, isihlahla sekhukhamba kufanele sondliwe. Ukhukhamba kuvundisa phosphorus-potassium nomanyolo nitrogenous... I-nitrogen ne-potassium kukhuthaza ukukhula okusebenzayo nokwakheka kwamahlamvu, kuyilapho i-phosphorus inyusa izimbali.
Ukutshala izitshalo kuthuthukisa ukuthela futhi kukhuphule umkhiqizofuthi ivikela isitshalo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezifo.
Ukuze uzuze ukuthela njalo, kufanele kugcinwe imithetho emi-3:
- Kungcono ukungondli ukhukhamba kunokudla ngokweqile
- Ngaphambi kokufaka umquba, isitshalo sichithwa kahle
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwethulwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14
Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ukhukhamba ungakhiqiza:
- Ngaphansi kwempande
- Ukugqoka amaqabunga (fafaza amahlamvu ngesisombululo sezakhi)
- Ukusula uthuli
Umanyolo odingekayo
- Ukondla ngezinto eziphilayo. Isixazululo mullein ihlanjululwe ngamanzi 1:10 bese ufaka ingilazi engu-1 umlotha... Ukusetshenziswa - ilitha lezihlahla ezi-4.
- Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, uma inhlabathi ithole isilinganiso sokukhulelwa okuhle, kwanele ukondla ukhukhamba ngokhuni lomlotha. Ukwenza lokhu, kuthelwa izingilazi zomlotha ezi-2,5 ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, bese kushiywa ukuthi kufakwe amahora angama-24. Isixazululo esivelayo sisetshenziselwa ukondla izimpande
- Umlotha othungiwe, amahlamvu afakwa impova. Amakhukhamba azothola ukukhulelwa kwe-phosphorus kanye nokuvinjelwa kusuka ku-powdery isikhutha.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kweFoliar. Hlanganisa amagremu angama-500 omlotha namalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Umlotha uqeda ukushoda kwe-potassium.
- Ukugqoka amaqabunga i-boric acid... Okwebhakede lamanzi - isipuni se-asidi.
- Uma kungekho isikhathi sokwenza okokugqoka kwemvelo, ungathenga umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi owenziwe ngomumo... Udinga ukuthatha i-1 tsp yebhakede lamanzi. i-potassium sulfate, i-urea ne-superphosphate.
Awungeke wehlise isivuno sekhukhamba, ngoba imithamo emikhulu nokusetshenziswa kaningi kukamanyolo kuholela ekwehleni kokunambitheka kwesithelo nokukhula okungafanele kwesihlahla.
Yize ukushiya kubonakala kunzima kakhulu, umzamo nesikhathi osichithile ngeke kumoshe. Ukhukhamba esikhathini esizayo esiseduze uzokujabulisa ngezithelo ezinokuthula nemifino ekhanyayo.