Amazambane angenye yemifino ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Amazambane ayingxenye yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezitsha. Namuhla kutshalwa izinhlobo eziningi zamazambane. Enye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezifanelekile yi-Adretta... La mazambane anesivuno esikhulu, kanti nezilimo eziyizigaxa zawo zinambitheka omuhle. I-Adretta iyinhlobonhlobo engathobekile futhi ingatshalwa kulo lonke elaseRussia.
Incazelo nezimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo
I-Adretta iyizambane eliphuzi... Uma ngaphambili amazambane aphuzi ayebhekwa njengesitshalo sefolishi kuphela, manje sezidliwa ngenkuthalo.
Kungabikwa ngokuphepha ezinhlotsheni zamazambane eziphakathi naphakathi kokuqala. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala imbewu, kudlula izinsuku ezingama-80.
Uma utshala amazambane maphakathi nentwasahlobo, kepha maphakathi nehlobo ungadla nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezimnandi.
Ngokwencazelo, lokhu amazambane inamavuno amaningi... Kungenzeka kuvunwe cishe amathani angama-40 wezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinobukhulu obuhlukile kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa. Kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa, ungathola cishe izilimo eziyizigaxa eziphakathi nezikhulu.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ikakhulu ziphakathi nendawo ukuya kwezinkulu... Isisindo sesisindo se-tuber sifinyelela kuma-gramu ayi-140. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukumba izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinesisindo esingama-gramu angama-400 ekwindla.
Ngokuya ngezici, lokhu izinhlobonhlobo azithobeki, ziyamelana nezimo zezulu ezomile, ukushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa, kanye nezifo eziningi.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi akubalulekile kakhulu ku-Adretta, noma kunjalo uma ufaka umanyolo, ungathola isivuno esicebile.
Izihlahla zimile, ukuphakama kwazo kungafinyelela ku-100 cm. Amaqabunga makhulu kakhulu. Umbala wepuleti leqabunga uluhlaza okotshani. Iqhakaza nge-inflorescence yombala omhlophe.
Isimo se-tuber siyi-oval. I-rind iphuzi ngombala. I-pulp nayo iphuzi ngokukhanyayo. I-rind mncane impela.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinambitheka omuhle... Ngenqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa, uginindela awushintshi umbala wawo okakhilimu, namazambane ngokwawo abila kahle.
Ifanele ukupheka, ukuthosa, isitshulu, ukupheka ama-casseroles ahlukahlukene. Okuqukethwe kwesitashi e-Adrette cishe kungu-17%.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa azimnandi nje kuphela, kepha futhi zinezinto eziningi eziwusizo - amaprotheni, uvithamini B, ama-carbohydrate (ama-carbohydrate agayeka kalula).
Amazambane alokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyalulekwa ukuthi ubilise ngomfaniswano bese usebenzisa nekhasi, ngoba iqukethe nenani elikhulu lezinto ezidingekayo emzimbeni womuntu, ikakhulukazi wenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Umlando wokuzalanisa amazambane e-Adrett
U-Adretta wazalwa ngo-1975 e-GDR... Ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo zamazambane aphuzi zazibhekwa njengefolishi futhi zazisetshenziselwa ukudla kwezilwane kuphela.
Kepha u-Adretta wamangaza wonke umuntu ngokunambitheka kwakhe okuhle kakhulu futhi waba ngomunye wezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu. Namuhla I-Adretta ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu, kufaka phakathi eRussia.
Ubuhle nobubi bamazambane
Izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-Adretta zifaka:
- Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu.
- Ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.
- Izilimo eziyizigaxa zihlanzekile futhi zikhulu ngokwanele, iningi lazo zinesethulo.
- Izitolo kahle futhi ziyakubekezelela ukuhamba.
- Ukungathobeki ekwakhiweni kwenhlabathi nezimo zezulu.
- I-Adretta imelana nezifo eziningi.
Lolu hlobo lunommeleli womndeni wakwaSolanaceae cishe akukho ukushiyeka... Phakathi kwabo, ukumelana okuphansi kuphela kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kungabizwa.
Izici zokutshala nokukhula
I-Adretta iyinhlobonhlobo engathobekile... Ngisho nabaqalayo ekukhuleni imifino bangabhekana nokulinywa kwalesi sitshalo.
Kodwa-ke, i-Adretta, njenganoma yikuphi okunye ukuhlukahluka, inezici zayo. Uma ucabangela yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa, ungathola isivuno esihle kakhulu futhi esihlwabusayo.
Izeluleko ezimbalwa zokucubungula izilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi kokutshala:
- ngaphambi kokutshala, izilimo eziyizigaxa zinconywa ukuthi zicutshungulwe ngesixazululo se-copper sulfate noma i-potassium permanganate. Isixazululo seBoric acid naso kufanelekile;
- ukuhluma okusheshayo, kunconywa nokuthi usebenzise ama-ejenti anjenge-Epin, Prestige;
- Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyiphatha ngesisombululo se-ammonium nitrate noma i-superphosphate. Lokhu kuzokhuphula isivuno.
Kunconywa ukubeka i-clove eyodwa kagalikhi emgodini ngamunye. Lokhu kuzoba ukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu ngokumelene nebhere.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zezimbewu zimbiwe zize zifike kubude obungu-5 cm. Ibanga phakathi kwabo kufanele libe cishe ngama-40 cmngoba iziqongo zikhulu kakhulu.
Izeluleko zokunakekelwa okujwayelekile
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle Kunconywa ukulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa:
- ukuchelela;
- ukufaka umquba izikhathi eziningana ngesizini ngayinye;
- ukwelashwa ngemithi yezifo nezinambuzane;
- ukukhipha ukhula ngesikhathi esifanele, ukukhulula kanye ne-hilling.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa:
- kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhulula inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuxegisa akusizi nje ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula, kepha futhi kugcwalisa inhlabathi nge-oxygen;
- Kunconywa ukuba spud kanye ngesonto. IHilling isiza ukuvikela amazambane ezinambuzane. Kunconywa ukususa ukhula kanye ngesonto;
- ukuthambisa kunconywa okungenani ama-2 ngesizini ngayinye. Ukunisela kubaluleke kakhulu ngezikhathi ezomile ngemuva kokuthi ubude bezihlahla bufinyelele ku-15 cm.
Kubalulekile futhi ukulandela inqubo efanele yokutshala amazambane e-Adrett.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyamelana nezifo eziningi: i-blight ephuzile, i-nematode yegolide, umdlavuza wamazambane.
Kepha ukumelana nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane akuyona ephezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza futhi kuqweqwe naku-blackleg.
Ngokuvikela nokulawulwa kwalezi zifo, kunconywa ukuthi uziphathe ngamalungiselelo amazambane-fungicidal.
I-Colorado amazambane beetle yiyona nkathazo evame kakhulu... Ukulwa nayo, kusetshenziswa izibulala-zinambuzane.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kunconywa ukufaka umanyolo kathathu ngesizini ngokohlelo olulandelayo:
- Lapho iziqongo ziqala ukukhula, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ulethe ama-humus ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
- Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamahlumela, kunconywa ukuthi ufake umlotha wezinkuni ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kuyadingeka ukuyondla nge-superphosphate.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ungakujabulela ukunambitheka kwamazambane amasha phakathi nehlobo. kodwa Ukuvuna kunconywa eduze nekwindlalapho izilimo eziyizigaxa zifinyelela isisindo sazo esiphezulu futhi sezivuthwe ngokuphelele.
Uma isivuno sihlehlisiwe kuze kube yizinsuku zokugcina zikaSepthemba, khona-ke kunethuba lokuthi umswakama owedlulele uzoholela ekuboleni kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Izinhlobonhlobo zinekhwalithi enhle yokugcina... Izilimo eziyizigaxa azikho ngaphansi kokulimala nokubola ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside.
Igumbi lapho kugcinwa khona izilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele libe nomoya omuhle. Isela noma i-subfloor iphelele. Ngisho nokuqandisa ngeke kuholele ekulahlekelweni kokunambitheka.
Amazambane e-Adretta awathobeki futhi ingatshalwa cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi. Izimo zezulu zinomthelela omncane ekuvunweni kwamazambane.
I-Adretta iyinhlobonhlobo esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, evumayo kakhulu... Ngisho nabalimi abangenalwazi bangabhekana nokulima kwamazambane. Izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuhle nezakhamzimba ezitholakala kwizilimo eziyizigaxa nasedakeni eliphuzi.